E-GOVERNANCE, A GLOBAL JOURNEY

Transcription

1 E-GOVERNANCE, A GLOBAL JOURNEY

2 Global E-Governance Series Volume 4 Recently published in this series Vol. 3. Vol. 2. Vol. 1. T. Obi (Ed.), The Innovative CIO and e-participation in e-government Initiatives J. Tubtimhin and R. Pipe (Eds.), Global e-governance Advancing e-governance Through Innovation and Leadership T. Obi (Ed.), E-Governance A Global Perspective on a New Paradigm ADVISORY BOARD Pairash Thajchayapong, Advisor to the Board (Bangkok, Thailand) Toshio Obi, Chairman of the Board, President-elect IAC (Toyko, Japan) Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, Tampere University (Tampere, Finland) Nagy Hanna, World Bank Advisor (Washington D.C., USA) Yuri Fedotov, St. Petersburg University (St. Petersburg, Russia) Frank Yu-Hsieh Sung, Research Commission (Taipei, Taiwan) Fengchun Yang, Beijing University (Beijing, China) Seang-Tae Kim, National Information Society Agency (Seoul, Korea) Motoo Kusakabe, Director Open City Portal (London, UK) Jean Pierre Auffret, George Mason University (Washington D.C., USA) Matthias Finger, Swiss Federal Institute (Lausanne, Switzerland) Francisco Magno, Le Salle University (Manila, Philippines) Tran Minh Tien, ICT Advisor (Ha noi, Vietnam) Suhono Harso Supangkat, Bandung Institute of Technology (Jakarta, Indonesia) Martin Santana, Esan University (Lima, Peru) Keiko Kiyohara, Mitaka City (Mitaka, Japan) Randeep Sudan, Global ICT Department, World Bank (Washington D.C., USA) Jirapon Tubtimhin, IAC (Bangkok, Thailand) Russell Pipe, Editor, I-Ways Journal (Bangkok, Thailand) Thomasz Janowski, United National University (Macao) John M. Eger, San Diego State University (California, USA) Bruno Lanvin, Director, INSEAD elab (Switzerland) Robert Schware, Academy for Educational Development (Washington, USA) ISSN (print) ISSN (online)

3 E-Governance, A Global Journey Edited by Matthias Finger École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland and Fouzia Nasreen Sultana Australian National University, Canberra, Australia Amsterdam Berlin Tokyo Washington, DC

4 2012 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher. ISBN (print) ISBN (online) Library of Congress Control Number: Publisher IOS Press BV Nieuwe Hemweg 6B 1013 BG Amsterdam Netherlands fax: [email protected] Distributor in the USA and Canada IOS Press, Inc Rachael Manor Drive Fairfax, VA USA fax: [email protected] LEGAL NOTICE The publisher is not responsible for the use which might be made of the following information. PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS

5 E-Governance, A Global Journey M. Finger and F.N. Sultana (Eds.) IOS Press, The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved. v Editors Matthias FINGER Matthias holds the Chair of Management of Network Industries at the École Polytechnique Fédérale in Lausanne, Switzerland. Since 2010 he is also a part-time Professor at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, where he directs the Florence School of Regulation s Transport Area. Fouzia N. SULTANA Fouzia is currently a PhD scholar at The Australian National University (ANU). She has a Master s degree in Political Science from University of Chittagong, Bangladesh and another Master s degree in Public Policy from LKY School of Public Policy, National University, Singapore. She is a Faculty Member at the Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD), Bangladesh (now on study leave). She has 14 years of experience in training as trainer and training designer, research and social experimentation (particularly on e-governance in Local Government). Contributors Mohammed Sherif AZIZ Sherif is Advisor (Strategic Planning) at the Public Establishment for Industrial Estates, Oman. He holds a PhD in industrial development, a Post-graduation in industrial engineering and an Executive Master s in E-governance. Monis AZIZ Monis is engaged as the Delivery Project Executive with IBM India. He manages the France sector in the India Global Delivery Center. Monis has a Bachelor of Technology Degree in Computer Science from Thomson Rivers University, Canada and an Executive Master s in e-governance from EPFL, Switzerland. Erika BAGAMBIKI Erika is currently working as Manager IT liaison at the National Bank of Rwanda. In 2005 she obtained a Bachelor of Business Administration from the Adventist University of Central Africa with a Major on Information Management (with distinction). She also graduated from EPFL s Executive Master in e-governance in Agnieszka DEC Agnieszka Dec works as a Senior Consultant and Project Manager in Sofrecom Poland consulting company, member of the France Telecom Orange Group. She graduated from Warsaw School of Economics and holds two Master s diplomas: in Public Management and in International Relations. Konstantinos GAKIS Konstantinos Gakis has studied mechanical engineering and holds a PhD in Operations Research from the University of Florida and an Executive Master in e-governance from EPFL. He has gained experience from the banking sector and now works as an

6 vi independent management and development consultant primarily for the public sector focusing on organization, technology and financing strategy. Jacques GAMBONI Jacques is presently president of the board of the telecom operator company he created in He received is Electrical Engineering degree (HES) from the Engineering School of Geneva in He started a 32 year long career in the telecommunication industry in 1974 at the Swiss PTT. He received his EPFL Executive Master in e-governance in Sarah KAGODA Sarah is a Principal Librarian and Head of the Information Resource Centre at the East African Community Secretariat, Arusha Tanzania. She holds an Executive Master s Degree in e-governance, from the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; has a Master s in Information Science from the University of Wales, U.K; BA in Economics and Social Administration from Makerere University. She coordinated the development the East African Community Regional e-government Framework and the Regional Framework on Cyber law. Gianluca MISURACA Gianluca is a Senior Scientist at the European Commission s Joint Research Centre, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (JRC-IPTS). Prior to that, from September 2005 to August 2007, he was the Managing Director of the Executive Master in e-governance at EPFL. His background is economics with focus on the interface between ICTs and public administration. He holds a Diploma of Specialisation in EU Economics and Law and an Executive Master in e-governance from EPFL (first edition ). Currently he is finalising his Phd in Management of Technology at EPFL. Isabel NSHIMBI Isabel currently works as IT Officer with an African regional economic community based in Zambia. She holds a Bachelors degree in Computer Science from Richmond College and an Executive Master in e-governance from EPFL. Serdar ORAZBAYEV Serdar is currently working as National Consultant UNDP project in Turkmenistan. He graduated from EPFL s Executive Master in e-governance in Pierre ROSSEL Pierre Rossel is a Senior Scientific Fellow at the College of Management of Technology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, where he teaches on Early detection of innovation potential and Technology foresight, egovernment being one of his research domains. Vivek RANA Vivek is currently working for Concern US Inc. as the IT Enterprise Services officer in New York, US. Vivek has a Bachelor Degree in Electrical engineering, a MBA in Corporate Finance and an Executive Master in e-governance. Prior to working in New York he was working as the Regional ICT advisor in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

7 vii Contents Editors and Contributors v Introduction: e-governance, a Global Journey 1 Matthias Finger and Fouzia Nasreen Sultana Section I. E-Governance Visions The Impact of Inclusive e-government Applications 11 Isabel Nshimbi The Role of ICT in Social and Economic Development of Turkmenistan 23 Serdar Orazbayev Section II. Local E-Governance Understanding IT Literacy in the Context of the Arab Region: A Study in Oman 39 M. Sherif Aziz E-Tourism: A Catalyst for Promoting the East African Community as Competitive Tourist Destination 55 Sarah Kagoda-Batuwa E-Reconciliation in Rwanda 74 Erika Bagambiki Section III. Transversal Issues Implementing ICT for Governance in Fragile States A Case Study of Afghanistan 93 Monis Aziz Work Organization and e-governance 107 Konstantinos Gakis Escaping Patchwork Adoption of ICTs in Developing Countries 120 Agnieszka Dec Enterprise Architecture Startup Model for Successful egovernment for Post Conflict Countries 138 Vivek S. Rana Section IV. Future Issues Internet Access Commons 167 Jacques Gamboni

8 viii e-governance: Past, Present and Future: A Theoretical Framework for Prospective Policy Analysis 185 Gianluca Misuraca Time to Gear Up for a Second Generation of egov Foresight 200 Pierre Rossel Next Steps in e-governance: Peoples e-participation 221 Fouzia N. Sultana and Matthias Finger Author Index 227