Rodrigo. Vincer se stesso è la maggior vi4oria. ( To conquer oneself is the greatest victory )

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2 Rodrigo or Vincersestessoèlamaggiorvi4oria ( Toconqueroneselfisthegreatestvictory ) GeorgeFridericHandel sfirstitalianopera libre=obyfrancescosilvani composedinromeandpremieredinflorenceattheteatrodelcocomeroin1707 HWV5 presentedbyoperamissionandnekecarson atthegershwinhotel,newyorkcity Tuesday,May21,2013(NorthAmericanPremiere) Thursday,May23andSaturdayMay25,2013 conductedfromtheharpsichordbyjenniferpeterson JeffCaldwell,director withtheoperamissionhandelband Cover:originalillustraXonbyTomiUm

3 thisevening scast: Rodrigo,KingofHispania countertenornicholastamagna Esilena,hiswife sopranodísellalárusdógr Florinda,Giuliano ssister sopranomadelinebender Giuliano,theCountofCeuta tenorjohncarlopierce Evanco,sonofViXzza,nowKingofAragon countertenorchristophernewcomer Fernando,Rodrigo sgeneral countertenordanielbubeck violinistjoanplana(joanplana.com)leadsthe operamissionhandelband conxnuo harpsichord:jenniferpeterson theorbo:kevinpayne baroquecelloontherecitaxves:davidbakamjian(may21),kaqerietman(may23and25) baroquecello:léabirnbaum baroquebass:motomiigarashi(may21),dougballie2(may23and25) baroqueoboesandrecorders AaronReichelt(May21and23),GonzaloX.Ruiz(May25),BrandonLabadie baroqueviolins JoanPlana,PeterKupfer,JessicaPark,TaXanaDaubek,JonathanGoya baroqueviolas DanMcCarthy,JessicaGarand TheediXonusedforthisproducXonisJenniferPeterson s,basedonfriedrichchysander sfrom1873(drawnfrom theautographscore,porxonslost),aswellasavailabletwenxethcenturyresearchesandresources.

4 ThecompleteprintedlibreToofRodrigowasonlydiscoveredintheearly1970s.Priortothis,ActI,scene1was missing;actiii,scene1wasmissing,aswellasthescenaul;ma.morediscoveriesinthe1980sallowusto performittodayasacompletedrama.themissingacqonwillbeindicatedbyabracketedpassageinourplot summary. Thecoverpageoftheprintedlibre=o: PERSONAGGI. VINCER SE STESSO E LA MAGGIOR VITTORIA Rappresentato IN FIRENZE NELL AUTUNNO Dell Anno SOTTO LA PROTEZIONE DEL SERENISSIMO PRINCIPE DI TOSCANA. IN FIRENZE. MDCCVII. Per Vincenzio Vangelisti. RODRIGO Re delle Spagne. Il Sig. Stefano Frilli. ESILENA Sua Moglie. La Sig. Anna Maria Cecchi detta la Beccarina. FLORINDA Sorella di Giuliano Conte di Ceuta. La Sig. Aurelia Marcello. GIULIANO Conte de Ceuta, e Fratello di Florinda. Il Sig. Francesco Guicciardi EVANCO Figlio di Vitizza già Re d Aragona. La Sig. Caterina Azzolini detta la Valentina. FERNANDO Generale di Rodrigo. Il Sig. Giuseppe Perini. Un Bambino che non parla, Figlio di Rodrigo, e di Florinda. La Scena è nella Città di Siviglia, e nella Campagna sotto le mura di essa.

5 RODRIGO Vincersestessoèlamaggiorvi2oria OperaintreAK(operainthreeacts) TheacXontakesplaceinandnearSevilleintheearlyeighthcentury. Overture. Gigue,Sarabande,Matelot,Menuet,Bourré,Menuet,Passacaille. ATTOPRIMO [InthepalacegardenFlorindafuriouslyupbraidsRodrigoforseducingherandgivingherachild, thenfailingtohonorhispromisesofmarriageandthecrown. Rodrigoispreoccupiedwithnewsofhisarmy'svictoryoverEvancoandSisibuto,princesofAragon, andadvisesflorindatoforgetherambiqonsandcontentherselfwiththememoryofpastpleasures.] Alone,shevowsrevenge. FLORINDA Pugneranconnoilestelle Thestarswilljoinusinba=letoavengemyhonor; delmioonorallevende=e; cheapunirel almerubelle fortopunishrebelliousspirits sempreaccesehanlesae=e. theyalwayshavetheirarrowsignited. ESILENA Nasceilsol,el auravola Thesunrises,andthebreezeflies,laughs,jokes, ride,scherza,eneconsola; andconsolesus; poin affannainmezzoaldì. thendistressesusinthemiddleoftheday. Talsennasceilmiocontento Sodoesmycontentmentrise, masvenato,deltormento butweakenedbytorment, vacangiandoanch eicosì. italsochangesthesameway. InthethroneroomFernandoasksRodrigo'swifeEsilenawhyshedoesnotjoininthegeneralrejoicing. SherepliesthatshecannotbehappywhenshehaslostRodrigo'slove, butfernandopredictsthathewillreturntoher. FERNANDO Agitatadafiatoincostante Agitatedbyaninconstantwind unafiammavagandosen và. aflamegoeswandering. Alasferapoilucidaamante ItneverhaspeaceunXlitarrives sinchegiungemaipacenonha. atthesphereofthelucidlover.

6 Rodrigoannounceshisvictory,andEsilenatellshimthatamoreworthytriumphwouldbeoverhisownconduct. TogethertheygreetthevictoriousgeneralGiuliano, whoreturnsfromwarwithevancoinchainsandtheseveredheadofsisibutoastrophy. GIULIANO Dell Iberiaalsoglioinvi=o TotheunconqueredthroneofIberia recapalmeaspargeallori bringpalmsandspreadlaurelsincelebraxngvictory. festeggiantelavi=oria. Edalgrandealtoconfli=o Andofthegreatandnobleconflict anoivengonogl onori touscomethehonorswhichglorypromisestoday. cheprome=eoggilagloria. EvancoproudlydefiesRodrigoandissentencedtodeath,butEsilenasuccessfullypleadsforhislife. RodrigoplacestheprisonerinGiuliano'scharge. RODRIGO Tilascioalapena Ileaveyoutothepainofaheartpierced d uncoretrafi=o bytoomuchpity. datroppapietà. L orrordeldeli=o Thehorrorofthecrime èunvermechesvena isawormwhichdevours conpiùcrudeltà. withmorecruelty. EsilenathanksGiulianoforhisduQesperformed. ESILENA Inmanoalmiosposo Inthehandofmyhusband piùvagosfavilla thesceptreshinesmorecharminglyforyou. losce=roperte. Estendeilriposo Anditextendsthepeacetotheshiningkingdom, alregnochebrilla theclarityofyourloyalty. lachiaratuafè. GiulianorecognisesEvanco'snobilityofspiritandoffershim,insofarashisdutytoRodrigoallowsit, thehandoffriendship.

7 EVANCO Heroicafortezza Heroicbraverydoesnotfeardisaster; nontemesciagure itisresistanttofate. resisteallasorte. Lepenedisprezza, Itdespisessuffering, noncuresventure, itisnotconcernedwithmisfortuneinthefaceofdeath. incontralamorte. Giuliano'sthoughtsturntohisbelovedsisterFlorinda. Butsheconfessesthatinhisabsenceshehasbroughtdishonoronherselfandtheirfamilybyaliaisonwith Rodrigo.OutragedatRodrigo'sperfidyGiulianovowstofreeEvanco,declarehimtherighdulkingofSpain andfightwithhimtodestroyrodrigo. GIULIANO Stragi,morX,sangue,edarmi Slaughter,death,blood,andarms conbellicicarmi withwarlikesongsnowthetrumpetshouts. giàgridalatromba. Flagellatodalmiosdegno Scourgedbymyanger,akindomburns, ardeunregno, alreadytheheavensresoundwithterribledestrucxon. giàd alteruineilcielrimbomba. FlorindahopesthatheroffencemaybeexpiatedbyRodrigo'sdeath. Arioso. FLORINDA Ohmorte,vende=a, Ohdeath,vengeance,betrayedbeauty! traditesembianze! Mensevera LessseverelyIalreadyfeel lafortunalusinghiera thefla=eringfortune giàsentochealle=a thattemptsourhopes. lenostresperanze. InhisprivatechamberRodrigofeelshislatesttriumphshangheavyuponhim. Arioso. RODRIGO SommiDei!sepurv offesi, SupremeGods!althoughIoffendedyou, nondivenxilmiogioire don tletmyjoybecome crudoogge=odelmarxre! thecrudeobjectofthetorment! Màpietosiovvercrudeli Butmercifulandlesscruel... FernandoandEsilenarushintoinformhimoftheuprising; therebelforces,ledbygiuliano,evancoandflorinda,aregatheringoutsidethscity.

8 RodrigosendsFernandotorallytheloyaltroopsthenadmitstoEsilenathathisadulterousintriguewithFlorinda, andthepromisesthathemadetoherarethecauseoftherebellion. EsilenaofferstosurrendertoFlorindaherplaceasRodrigo'sconsortinordertosavehisreputaQonandavert bloodshed,butrodrigoprotests,allowingher,however,tovisitflorindaintherebelcamptonegoqatepeace. RODRIGO Vanneincampo, Gototheba=lefield, evedraidelciglioallampo andyouwillseehowthelightofyoureyes deporl astailmarteinsano. willmakeinsanemarslaydownhisspear. Setuschocchi Ifyoulaunchasinglerayfromthoseeyes, unsolraggiodiquegl occhi, Vulcanwillrefusetoforgehisweapons. ricuseràtemprarl armivulcano. Alone,EsilenadecidestopursueherselflessofferandproveherselfagloriousmodeloffidelitytoSpanishwives. ESILENA Perdarpregioall amormio, Inorderformylovetobeesteemed cederòl amatosposo, Iwillgiveupmybelovedhusband, mànongiàlamiacostanza. butnotyetmyconstancy. Forteefidoilmiodesio Strongandfaithful,mydesire troveràpaceeriposo willfindpeaceandrestinlovewithouthope. nell amorsenzasperanza. Finedell A4oPrimo. TENMINUTEINTERMISSION ATTOSECONDO IntherebelcampGiulianoandEvancorallytheirtroopsagainstRodrigo. AsoldierbringsEsilena'srequestforanaudiencewithFlorinda, andanotherbearsaseparatemessageforgiulianofromfernandosuggesqngasecretmeeqng. EvancoandFlorindafearatrap,butGiulianotruststoFernando'snobilityandfriendship. GIULIANO Fralespine,offregl allori Amongstthethorns, disuamanlagloriaanoi. gloryoffersuslaurelswithitsownhand. Enonèsparsodifiori Andthepathofheroesisnotstrewnwithflowers. ilsenxerodeglieroi.

9 EvancoconfesseshisloveforFlorindaandasksforherhand; sherepliesthatshewillbeworthyofhimonlyoncesheisavenged,givinghimnewhope. EVANCO Prestamiunsolodardo Lendmeasingledartfromthatwhichyourglance diquellich iltuosguardo throwsatmyheart! alcormige=a! Ch atrionfarnonho, FortriumphIhavenot, nèmaitrovarpotrò norcanieverfindabe=erthunderbolt. migliorsae=a. EsilenaisbroughtforwardforaparleywithFlorinda.SheoffersFlorindaherhusbandandthethrone ESILENA Egliètuoi!nèmiriserbo Heisyours!Ireserveformyself altropiùch unsuopensiero. nothingmorethanoneofhisthoughts. Esequestoancort èacerbo, AndifthisissXllbi=ertoyou, nonmel dirfuorchèsevero! lethimonlygivemeaharshone!...butflorindadeclaresthatshenowwantsrodrigo'sheartonlyifitistornfromhisbreast. FuriousatFlorinda'simplacablegreedforrevengeEsilenareturnstothecity. ESILENA Parto,crudel,perdarall idolmio Igo,cruelwoman,togivemybelovedthefinalkisses. gl ulxmibaci. Affre=erògl Amori, IwillurgeCupidstohasten perchène nostricori sothatinourhearts spezzingl archieammorzinolefaci. theywillbreaktheirbowsandputouttheirtorches. FlorindasteelsherresolveanddismissesfromherheartanylingeringaffecQonforRodrigo. FLORINDA Freddecenerid amor, Coldashesoflove, chelanguiteinquestocor, thatlanguishinthisheart, itepurdispersealvento! gothen,disperseinthewind! Giànell animav entrò Alreadythevillainwhodeceivedmehasintroduced delfellonchem ingannò thedreadofthemessengerofdeathintomysoul. messaggieredimortelospavento.

10 Aloneatnight,RodrigoaTemptstorevivehisflaggingspirits. RODRIGO Siet assaisuperbe,ohstelle, Youareverypresumptuous,ohstars, fulminandoilcapoalrè! strikingattheheadofaking! Nonsideveadunribelle Youmustnotgivearebel tantoamoreetantafè. somuchloveandsomuchloyalty. Esilenareportsthatthecityisundersiegeandthathermissionhasbeenunsuccessful. Rodrigoremainsconfidentofvictory,butEsilenavowsthatifheistodieshewilldiewithhim. ESILENA Empiofatoefierasorte ImpiousfateandprouddesXny nonpotràfrangerqueinodi shallnotbreakthosebonds chesicariindolcimodi thataresodearinsweetways almiosenoamorformò. formedbyloveinmybreast. Predaancordicrudamorte WhilesXllpreyofcrueldeath spirtonudo,ombravagante nakedspirit,wanderingshade sempreintornoaltuosembiante alwayssurroundingyourface tu=afèmivolgerò. Iwillturnintotalfidelity. MeanwhileFernando'splanhasworkedandheenterswithGiulianoinchains. GiulianoragesatRodrigoandswearsthathewillconfronthiminhell. GIULIANO LàXsfidoafieraba=aglia, ThereIdefyyoutoinfierceba=le persbranarequelempiotuocore. totearapartyourimpiousheart. Là,Tiranno,vedraiquantovaglia There,tyrant,youwillseetowhatextent d innocentetraditoilfurore. aninnocentmanisbetrayedbyfury. OnceagainEsilenainterveneswithapleaformercy;Giuliano'sdeathwouldonlyaddfueltotherebelcause. FernandosuggeststhatGiulianobeusedashostageandRodrigosendshimtodemand, atthepriceofgiuliano'slife,thattherebelforceslaydowntheirarms. FERNANDO Dopoinembieleprocelle Arerthecloudsandthetempests sovraicampidelcielridonlestelle. thestarssmileoverthefieldsofheaven. Sul inestode cipressi Onthegrarsofcypressesoliveswillsproutthemselves, spunteran gl olivistessi, andwewillhavepalmsmorebeauxfulthanedom. epalmeavrem dell*idumeepiùbelle. *1 st milleniumbcironagekingdomofsouthernjordan

11 EsilenaandRodrigo,believingvictorytobewithintheirgrasp,expresstheirloveforoneanother. RODRIGO DolceAmorchemiconsola SweetLovethatconsolesme elusingailcornelseno, anddelightstheheartinmybreast, diceogn orcheundìsereno tellmealwaysthatthatonesereneday goderàlanostrafede. ourfidelitywillrejoice. Elaspemechesen vola Andthehopethatfliesaway tu=abellaelusinghiera, allbeauxfulandfla=ering, dicealcore:spera,spera saystomyheart:hope,hope digodercaramercede! toenjoysweetreward! RodrigoleavesEsilenatomuseonhernew foundhappiness. ESILENA Sichelietagoderò Yes,IwillenjoyhappilyandIwillfindpeace elapacetroverò formyfaithfullovingheart. almiofidoamantecor. Quelbelgiornogiungerà, ThatbeauXfuldaywillarrive,whenbeauXfulfidelity chelabellafedeltà willreaptherewardofitslove. avràpremiodelsuoamor. InthecampbelowthecitywallsFlorindaandEvancoencouragetheirfollowerstofighttosaveGiuliano. EVANCO Su!all armi! Up!toarms!criesNemesis,andcallsyou gridanemesi,evichiama tovictoryamonsttheslaughter. fralestragiatrionfar. Ite,ohforX, Go,ohbrave,thereamongbloodandamongthedead làfra lsangueefralemorx strikedownatyrant! untirannoafulminar! Thegateisopened,revealingGiulianoinchains.FernandopresentsRodrigo'sulQmatum, butgiulianourgesflorindaandevanconottoabandontheircauseforhissake. AsFlorindawavers,EvancoimpetuouslyshootsFernandodead. Giulianoisfreedandtherebelssurgeforwardintothecity.

12 FLORINDA Alleglorie,allepalme,agliallori Toglories,topalms,tolaurels lavende=aaccendeilmiocor. vengeanceenflamesmyheart. EdisangueondeggianXisudori Andwavesofbloodandsweatwillgivelife daranvitaall offesamioonor. tomyoffendedhonor. Finedell A4oSecondo. TENMINUTEINTERMISSION ATTOTERZO RodrigohasretreatedtothetempleofJoveandcursesthegodsforhisdefeat. EsilenaurgeshimtorejectsuchimpiousthoughtsandconQnuethefight. Placinghiscrownandsceptreonthealtar,Rodrigosubmitstohisfate... Accompagnement. RODRIGO EccelsoGiove, MightyJupiter,onwhosethronearefixed aldicuisoglioaffissi fortuneandfate. stanlafortunaeilfato. QuesteRealiinsegne, Theseroyalinsignia, chesonpuretuoidoni, whichareindeedyourgirs, ateconsegno; Ihandovertoyou; tulericevi, youreceivethem, esedelmorirmio andifthefatalhourofmydeathcomes, giuntaèl orafatal, Ireverentlybowmyhead piegolafronteriverente beforethedecreesofthestars. aidecrexdellestelle. Perdonaall innocenteconsortemia! Pardonmyinnocentwife! lasolacolpahasecod avermiamato heronlysinistohavelovedmetoomuch. assai. PerdonaaquestoRegnolanguente, Pardonthisafflictedkingdom, erendil infelicecoronaaduncapo andplacetheunhappycrownonaworthierhead, miglior, chelasostenga. thatcansupportit. EsilenaoffersherlifeassacrificeifitwillsaveRodrigo.

13 ESILENA Perchèvivailcarosposo SothatmyhusbandmayliveIgivemylifetoyou. lamiavitaiodonoavoi. Fiapurdolceilmioriposo Soletmyreposebesweetintherealmofheroes. nellapatriadegl eroi. InacourtyardoftheburningpalaceGiulianocelebrateshisarmy'svictory andinstructshistroopstotrackdownandkillrodrigo. GIULIANO SpirXfieri Fiercespiritsofthewarriors spirits, dell almeguerrieri, donotlosesuchanoblevictory! nonperdetesibellavi=oria! Inaffiatadalreggiosuosangue Sprinkledwithroyalblood piùnonlangue glorynolongerlanguishes màresorgepiùbellalagloria. butrisesagainmoreresplendent. RodrigoiscapturedbyEvanco,andbothheandGiulianopreparetodespatchhim, butflorindaclaimsthatprivilege. ButasshepreparestoplungeherswordintoRodrigo'sbreastEsilenasuddenlyappearswithFlorinda'schild, andgivingrodrigotheboytoholdshedaresflorindatostriketheblowthatwillkillbothfatherandson. Florinda'smaternalinsQncttriumphs;shedropsherswordandpardonsRodrigo. EsilenaappealstoFlorindatorememberwhosesonheis,tellsRodrigotokisshim, andbidsthechildseekhismother. Accompagnement. ESILENA Etu,miserofiglio Andyou,miserableson dipiùmiseropadre, ofamoremiserablefather, alvoltodiflorinda turnyourpleadingglancestothefaceofflorinda, volgiilanguidisguardi, incuisiatu=oilfiglio, inwhichtheenxresonspeaks, ecercainesso, andseekinit contuoipiùdolcieflebilivagax. withyoursweeterandfeebletears. Cercal amordimadre! Seektheloveofamother! Florinda,enonXparla Florinda,dotheseeyesnotspeaktoyourheart? quellapupillaalcor? Sù,via!s adempiailsacrifizioenorme, Comethen!letthemonstroussacrificebemade, eperilcordelfiglio andthroughtheheartoftheson passiquelcrudoferro passthatcrudesword alcordelpadre! intotheheartofthefather!

14 ShethenchallengesFlorindatokillthesonaswellasthefather. Florinda sangerfadesandsheoffersrodrigohislife.esilenaturnsherpleastogiulianoandevanco, askingthemtosparerodrigo'slifeas,throughherprayers,hehadsparedtheirs. Giulianoagrees,andFlorindaaddsherentreatytoEvanco: byshowingcompassionhewillprovehimselfmoreworthyofherlove. EVANCO Cosìm alley Asyoudelightme cosìseicaroame! soyouaredeartome! De nostriaffey ThefidelityofouraffecXonsshallbeeternal. eternasialafè. GiulianopardonshisenemyandRodrigorequeststherighttoaddressthecountry'sleadersonemoreQmeasking. GIULIANO Allorchèsorgeastrolucente, Whenthebrightstarrises, piùnons adiramaresdegnoso, nolongerdoestheangrysearage, elietogodesaggionocchier. andthewisehelmsmanhappilyrejoices. AllorascorgediCielpietoso ThenheseespiXfulHeaven placatal iraenellamente placateitsireandintohismind aridertornalietoilpensier. happythoughtsreturnsmiling. InpraiseofEsilena svirtue,evancoassertsoncemorethelovinghopesheholdsinhisheart. EVANCO Ildolcefocomio, Mysweetpassion,litupbyabeauXfuldesire, ch accendeunbeldesio, issmileduponbylove. Amorlusinga. MànasceunreoXmor, Buttheregrowsahorriblefear, ondelanguisceilcor, whichmakesmyheartgrieve, ch eglinonfinga. thathemaybepretending. RodrigoinvitesEsilenatopunishhisinfidelity; shepreferstopardonhiminreturnforpartofhisheart,andtheyrenewtheirfaithinaduet. DueTo. ESILENA/RODRIGO Prendil alma,prendiilcore, Takemysoul,takemyheart, chexlascio,ohcarobene! whichileavetoyou,ohdeartreasure!

15 Semiafèt èpiùgradita, Ifmyfidelityismorepleasingtoyou, Seintevivelamiavita, ifmylifelivesinyou, nuovovincolod amore letanewbondoflove siatrofeodinostrapene. betherewardforoursorrows. InthethroneroomFlorindaandEvancorejoiceintheirlove. FLORINDA Begl occhidelmioben, Lovelyeyesofmytreasure, dallucidoseren, fromthebrightserenity, cheinvoiscinxlla, whichshinesinyou, lagloriadelcormiotu=asfavilla. thegloryofmyheartisallresplendent. Daraggiod untuosguardo Fromtheraysofoneofyourglances mepassailsenundardo, adarttransfixesmyheart, emige=aunincendioognifavilla. andeverysparksetsmeonfire. EVANCO Lucidestelle,gemelled amor, Brightstars,twinsoflove, voireggete yourulethedesxnyofthisheart. ildesxndiquestocor. Conl incendiochedolceaccendete Withthefirethatyousweetlylight distruggete youdestroytheatrociousfuryofmyanger. delmiosdegnol atrocefuror. RodrigoformallyannounceshisabdicaQonandreQrementwithEsilena, restoringthekingdomofaragontoevanco,withflorindaashisqueen, andmakinghisandflorinda'ssontheheirtocasqlewithgiulianoashisguardian. EsilenapointsthemoralintheQtle( Toconqueroneselfisthegreatestvictory ) andleadsthecompanyinanappealtovenus. Coro. TUTTI L amorosadeadi*gnido MaythelovinggoddessofKnidos spargailsendirosaele=a spreadthechoicerosesonourbreasts OrcheforteilsuoCupido NowthatstronglyherpowerfulCupid disarmatahalavende=a. hasdisarmedvengeance. *AreferencetoAphroditeofKnidos,famoussculptureofPraxiteles(4 th centurybc)asafemalerepresentaxonofhumanism. Finedell Opera.

16 operamissioncontributors: MaryAnneBallard,LewisBaratz,NekeCarson,ChrisXanDorbrandt,HeatherEngebretson,JeremyFaust,Richard Garmise,JanetHarris,DennisHunsicker,KatheJervis,TomiUm Specialthanksalsoto: StuAnnels,LewisBaratz,GuillaumeBernardi,AnnaBorzoni,ClintBorzoni,AudreyChait,RichardCrawley,Allen Dorsey,EdwardFicklin,PatrickJones,RichardKolb,LarryLong,AshleyMulcahy,TimRibchester,KimberlySogioka, NancySylbert,CarolineWorra...andmanymore. operamissionispartofthenewyorkoperaalliance,andwewouldliketoinviteyoutomore localopera relatedevents: *AmericanLyricTheaterispresenXngInsightALT:AFesXvalofNewOperasinDevelopmentMay28 June3. Pleasevisitaltnyc.orgforcompletedetails,andpurchaseXcketsatjccmanha=an.org/opera. *ChelseaOperapresentstheManha=anpremiereofADistantLove:SongsofJohnandAbigailAdamsbyGary FaginandTerryQuinnFriday,June14at7:30PMandSaturday,June15at3:00PM,visitChelseaOpera.org. *MorningsideOperapresentsconcertperformancesofanewMozartadaptaXon, Figaro!(90210),June11 16, pleasevisitmorningsideopera.com. *OnSiteOperaandHarlemOperaTheaterpresentBlueMonday.Gershwin srarejazzoneactperformedatthe legendaryco=onclubjune18and19,visitosopera.org. *OperaModerneispresenXngTheBohemianBash,aneveningofnewmusicandopere=awhereelegance meetsedge.june15attheczechcenterny sbohemiannaxonalhall.moreinfoatoperamoderne.com. *UnderworldProducQonsOperapresentstheNewYorkPremiereofScarlay siltrionfodell OnoreMay22and 23,moreinformaXonatunderworldprod.com. Pleasevisitoperamission.orgforfuturepresentaXons.

17 Rodrigo NicholasTamagna countertenor nicholastamagna.com Esilena DísellaLárusdóGr soprano disella.org Florinda MadelineBender soprano funkhouserarxsts.com Giuliano JohnCarloPierce tenor music.nmsu.edu Evanco ChristopherNewcomer countertenor chrisnewcomer.com Fernando DanielBubeck countertenor danbubeck.com

18 PerformancehistoryofRodrigo: OctoberorNovember,1707 TeatrodelCocomero,Florence,Italy(conductedbyGeorgeFridericHandel) 29August,1984 FestwochederaltenMusic,IlComplessoBarocco,Innsbruck,Austria(conductedbyAlanCurXs) 17July,1985 Sadler swellstheatre,handeloperabaroqueorchestra,london,england 13June,1987 KarlsruherHändel Festspiele,DeutscheHändel Solisten,Karlsruhe,Germany 18May,1996 ZámkuJaroměřice(CastleofJaroměřice),theCzechHandelSociety,Jaroměřice,CzechRepublic 20June,1997 AccademiaChigiana,IlComplessoBarocco,Siena,Italy 9June,2001 OpernhausHalle,Händel FestspieleHalle,Halle,Germany 4May,2002 BayerischeTheaterakademieAugustEverding,HochschulefürMusikundTheater,Munich,Germany 23May,2007 ThéâtredesChampsElysées,Paris,France 17May,2008 EnsembleSanFelice,St.John ssmithsquare,london,england also(sameproducxon)10june,2008 Vigo,Spainand12June,2008 Halle,Germany 21May,2013 operamission,newyork,usa operamission from the composer to the audience