Advanced Distribution Grid Management for Smart Cities

Transcription

1 Smart Grid Solutions Advanced Distribution Grid Management for Smart Cities Kevin Corcoran, Director Product Line Management IEEE SmartGridComm 2015 Miami, FL

2 Bridging Smart Cities & Smart Grids Common Applications Communications Technologies & Architectures Reliability, Asset Management and The Path to a Predictive Grid 2

3 What Does a Smart Grid Do? Provides remote monitoring, self-healing architectures, and creation of Microgrids. 3

4 What Does a Smart Grid Do? Notifies consumers about consumption, price and alternative options for informed decisions 4

5 What Does a Smart Grid Do? Provides safe, economical and reliable integration of distributed and renewable energy resources 5

6 What Do We Want Smart Cities to Do? Improve reliability & decrease maintenance costs Efficiently use existing grid infrastructure Provide customers friendly ways to participate Cultivate distributed generation 6 Shift & compress peak demand

7 Smart Grids Serve Smart City Objectives Reliable, robust electric infrastructure Renewables and DER integration Smart metering Optimized asset management Customer satisfaction, attracts businesses & jobs Clean energy & sustainability objectives Improves customer service, consumer engagement, reduces operating costs Efficient utilization of capital and maintenance budgets 7

8 Communications Networks Foundation for Smart Cities & Smart Grids Supports numerous applications Smart transportation Public WiFi Mobile workforce Public safety, surveillance Smart streetlights Reliability, SCADA, Distribution Automation Renewables AMI 8

9 Communications Technologies & Architectures Choices, choices, choices Public vs. Private Licensed vs. Unlicensed Fiber, cellular, wireless mesh, multipoint, WiMax, powerline carrier New Field Area Networking technologies Wi-SUN (IEEE g) SGIP OpenFMB TM 9

10 Communications Technologies & Architectures How to decide? Applications & performance requirements Immediate and longer-term needs Bandwidth, latency, scalability Budget CapEx, OpEx, maintenance, staffing Timeline & expansion plans Organization skill sets Availability & maturity of vendor options Reliable, cost-effective communications is strategically important. But is owning the communications network strategically important? 10

11 Smart Grid Solutions Reliability, Asset Management, and The Path to a Predictive Grid

12 Industry Transformation 21 th Century Grid Today s Grid 20 th Century Grid Grid PREDICTIVE Clean Energy Smarter Grid 12 REACTIVE Fossil fuel No visibility PROACTIVE Situational Awareness

13 Monitoring is Required for a Modern Grid Slide Tollgrade Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. Confidential and 13 Proprietary Information

14 Fault Detection & Location Date & Time: :06:16.0 Substation: M L7 Circuit: L7 Phase: 2 RMS Current: 1668 Fault Location: Zone 4 Lat: Lon: Toronto Hydro saves 550,000 outage minutes annually monitoring 2 feeders alone 14

15 Improving Reliability 15

16 Tools for Effective Situational Awareness On-demand Measurements Load Logging & Balance 20 Momentaries Trending and Alarming Grid Event Classifications 16

17 Primary Substation Fire Fire at a primary substation transformer 10,000 customers without power Upcoming heat wave 17

18 Distributed Generation Monitoring Operational & Reliability Challenges Instability of voltage profile Bi-directional powerflow Complex reactive power management Islanding and outage management Circuit protection not architected for multiple power feeds Interconnect planning and powerflow analysis to assure reliability of supply Solution with Situational Awareness Rich interval data (V, I, substations, mid-points, interconnects Inputs to Distribution Resource Planning Alarming and forensics when exceeding capacity and voltage limits 18

19 Transforming Data into Intelligence 4 Layers of Analytical Processing for Improved Accuracy & Intelligence 4 Predictive Grid Analytics 2 3 Planning, Reporting, Trending & Alarms 1 Classification 19 Raw Data Capture Slide 19

20 The Path to a Predictive Grid Distribution Monitoring Analytics Predictive Grid Asset Management 20

21 The Path to a Predictive Grid What is happening on your feeders? What is your asset health or do you run until failure? Are your protection schemes synchronized properly? Are you getting nuisance alarms? What harmful effects is the introduction of Distributed Generation having on your network? Waveform analysis and predictive analytics can: Give you the visibility you require Improve network operations Optimize reliability-based maintenance Generate attractive ROI 21

22 Turn Data Into Meaningful Grid Analytics 81 Normal Operations Load Switching Capacitor Bank Operations Adjacent Phase or Feeder Fault Only 6 True FCI Events Reduced False Alarms Accurate regulatory reporting Eliminate wasted time Faster location of faults 22

23 Waveform Classification & Analysis Permanent Faults & Momentaries 23

24 Waveform Classification & Analysis Line Disturbance Examples Events Discernable from Waveform Analysis Tree Branch Pole-top Transformer Fuse Single Phase Recloser Trip/Close Load Pickup Reclosing or Switching UG Cable Fault 24

25 Moving Toward a Predictive Grid 84% of Events are Line Disturbances 84% of events are Line Disturbances 12% of events are Momentaries 4% of events are Outages Line Disturbances Momentaries Outages 25

26 Asset Health Monitoring Switches, Reclosers, Load Tap Changers, Voltage Regulators Maintenance based on scheduled intervals or with device mechanical failures Cap Bank blown fuses Blown fuses typically only detected by inspection Waveform Analysis Solution Counts number of switching operations Rapidly recognizing developing problems and identifying which assets need the most attention Oscillatory switching transients Excessive arc duration Cumulative wear on contacts (I2T) Identifies circuits with high incidence of operations or permanent and momentary Ranks worst/best performers Analyses: 3-phase disturbances, load patterns, power factor 26

27 Asset Health Monitoring Prevent outages and respond to problems: Monitor equipment activations Prioritize budget on timely replacements Failing underground cable 27 Example of waveforms from failing underground cable

28 Vegetation Management 28

29 Predictive Failing Voltage Regulator 21 th Century Grid 20 th Century Grid Today s Grid PREDICTIVE REACTIVE PROACTIVE 29

30 Pending Fault Indication and Location Zone 1 Zone 2 Dec 3 rd Series of Line Disturbances over several hours Phases B &C Zone 1 No SCADA alarms 30

31 Fault Identification and Cause Failing Voltage Regulator Arcing Beginning to leak oil Avoided outage to 2,000 customers in winter 31

32 Changing the Future Information and data are everything these days. But having the right data, in real-time, to take the actions required in an emergency situation is the true value behind these smart grid sensors Russel Pogats, Director Electrical Engineering at DTE Energy 32

33 Smart Grid Solutions Thank You! Kevin Corcoran Director Product Line Management