Plant Genetic Resources Green sources of plant protein

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1 Plant Genetic Resources Green sources of plant protein Gert Poulsen Department of Plant and Environmental Science Faculty of Science NORDGEN IS AN INSTITUTE UNDER THE NORDIC COUNCIL OF MINISTERS

2 Protein Crops Grain legumes Broad bean, Pea, Beans, Lupins, Soybean, Lentil Forage legumes Clover 3+, Alfalfa, Vicia Other crops Forage grasses, Cereals, Oilseed rape Underutilized species Sainfoin, Grasspea, Common vetch, Hairy vetch Lathyrus, Medicago sp, Trifolium, Lotus, Cikoria Southern plants

3 Potential new Protein Crops or use Alternative use Protein extraction from Gras, clover Green harvest of mixed cultures leaves from other crops: Beet, Cikoria roots? silage? Soybean Beans Forage rape Cicoria...

4 Desired properties of protein crops aims for breeding High Protein content, yield, stability Oil, starch AA composition Digestability Pest and Disease resistance Droght resistance N-assimilation Efficiency Utilization of nutirients Morphological traits Height Leaves/tendrils Suitability for mixed cropping Suitability for organic cultivation Other specific agronomical traits

5 Sources of Plant Genetic ressources for Food and Agriculture (Biodiversity) Genebanks 6 mill accessions WW Breeders lines Nature, in-situ, Crop wild relatives Science - mutation and GM

6 Germplasm of Grain Legume Crops cv NGB acc CWR Eurisco ECCDB Soybean Glycine max > Pea Pisum sativum 361 > JIC ECCDB host Broad bean Vicia faba FRA Beans Phaseolus vulgaris AUT Lupins Lupinus luteus 2 >> POL Lens Lens culinaris TUR Vetch Vicia sativa HUN Oilseed rape Brassica napus CGN Swede Brassica napus CGN Forage rape Brassica napus CGN VIR

7 Germplasm of forage crops cv NGB acc CWR Eurisco ECCDB Clover Trifolium pratense GBR Trifolium hybridum GBR Trifolium repens GBR Alfalfa Medicago FRA Rye grass Lolium perenne GBR Timothy Phleum pratense NordGen

8 Protein Crops Crop Kg Protein /ha % prot range Lupin seed Pea seed Faba Bean seed Soybean seed (SWE) Rapeseed seed Rape, forage leaf 24? Timothy leaf 7-22 White Clover leaf Red Clover leaf Alfalfa leaf Lotus leaf Cicoria leaf

9 Project: Sustainable Nordic protein production Nordic Bio-Economy 3 wps Mapping of agricultural Plant production and consumption Policy recomendation Identify key characters to be screened in the NordGen germplams collection Linking results to stakeholders Screening of accession for Nordic protein production Svein Solberg NordGen BSR Nordic Sustainable Protein Production initiative PPP initiative on plant proteins

10 Mapping project wp1 Present Status How much protein do we produce Agriculture, maritime How much protein do we import Need Animal /fish production, milk and egg Area employed in agricultural protein production Can we reach a sustainable production Future development policy

11 Agricultural Biodiversity In situ species, population Ex situ In the field Species - Crops Varieties Populations Improved croping systems Mixed crops Higher Biodiversity Decrease risks and degree of crop failure Pest and Disease attacks add losses Variable drought tolerance reduce risk of loss Differential plant protein souces allows optimization of feed mixures

12 International gene genebank collaboration from a European perspective