Tare Arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff

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1 Naturviterne Frokostmøte 12. februar 2015 Bergen Tare Arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff Jorunn Skjermo Silje Forbord, Kristine Braaten Steinhovden and Aleksander Handå SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS, 7465 Trondheim 1

2 Milliarder kroner DKNVS/NTVA Scenario 2050: Verdiskaping basert på produktive hav i 2050 (Value creation based on productive seas in 2050) High productive sea areas Marine algae New species Equipment and feed Marine ingredients Salmon farming Fisheries DKNVS/NTVA (Olafsen et al., 2012)

3 The Norwegian seaweed industry value creation 40 Sales value (billion NOK) 20 Area: 1200 km 2 1,1 0,2 8 4 Area: 250 km 2 Volume (mill tons) DKNVS/NTVA (Olafsen et al., 2012)

4 The natural seaweed resources in Norway Standing stock: 50 mill ton seaweed (ww) (Steen 2013, HI) 99% of the biomass is kelp (Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima)(gundersen et al. 2011, Niva) Harvested annually (ww): tons kelp Laminaria hyperborea tons Ascophyllum nodosum 4

5 Area for seaweeds in Norway "Seaweed bed" area: km 2 (Gundersen et al. 2011, Niva) The bottom area in the photic zone represents the substrate (for attachment) for seaweeds. Sea area inside sea boundary: km 2 ( km 2 economic zone) Potential area for cultivation. 5

6 Why cultivated biomass? Large volumes possible Attractive biomass No use of arable land, fresh water, pesticides or fertilizers (NB. No phosphate) Environmental friendly production of biomass, no (known)negative effect on the benthic ecosystem Effective harvesting and freshness of biomass Wide range of species (480 in Norway) Possibilities for nutrients recycling (IMTA) Replace fossil feed-stocks with sustainable cultivated biomass

7 Market value Seedlings production Sea cultivation Harvesting Pre-treatment, storage Processing Distribution Market Market volume Pharmaceuticals Health feed Bioactive chemicals Food ingredients Food Feed ingredients Fertilizers Bioenergy Platform chemicals 7

8 Cultivation - from spores to biomass To be continued 8

9 From spores to biomass, cont. Low-tech 9

10 Cultivation systems Horizontal lines (on longlines) Vertical lines (on longlines) Carrier Sheet (e.g. textile) Ocean Rainforest Seaweed Energy Solutions Low-tech 10

11 Seaweed cultivation 1 ha (0.01 km 2 ) cultivation area: 170 tons biomass sugar kelp (wet) 26 tons dry matter 15 tons carbohydrates 3.8 tons protein Production of feedstock (tons dw/ha) 26 2,3 3 4,2 5,1 Soybean Wheat Rice Maize Seaweed

12 million tons Expected growth in Norwegian salmon production and in feed demand 6 5 Salmon production Feed demand DKNVS/NTVA (Olafsen et al., 2012) 12

13 Trends in the price of fishmeal and soybean meal Source: FAO FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Information and Statistics Branch. Rome. 13

14 Amino acid profiles in seaweed and soy bean meal S.latissima Soy bean meal Source: Holdt&Kraan, 2011; Experts in Team, NTNU,

15 Sugar kelp as protein source for salmon feed Salmon AA profile (% of protein) Seaweed AA profile (% of total AA) 13/02/2015

16 1000 tons Fish feed production potential from seaweeds tons protein from 20 million tons of seaweed Sustainable production Increase the degree of self-sufficiency Proteins (1000 tons) Imported soy protein 2013 Protein demand 2030 Protein demand 2050 From kelp 2030 From kelp

17 Cycling of nutrients in salmon aquaculture (IMTA) Feed (100% N) (100% P) 10% A 30 ha seaweed farm assimilates 10% of dissolved N from a 5000 t salmon farm and produce 5000 t seaweed biomass (Broch et al., 2013) Particulate nutrients ( 15% N) ( 44% P) Fish (N 40%) (P 35%) Dissolved nutrients ( 45% N) ( 18% P) Wang et al., Aquaculture and Environment Interactions, 2:

18 Low-Trophic Aquaculture Index for Norwegian Coastal Waters How much does the N-input from salmon farming contribute to the total supply? How does the contribution vary with season? Example: Modell-based estimate of seaweed productivity Broch OJ. et al. Coastal scale dynamics and effects of dissolved nutrients from Norwegian aquaculture. (in prep) 18

19 Cultivated seaweed as feedstock (example: Saccharina latissima) Water Alginat Glucan (laminaran and cellulose) Mannitol Protein Minerals Polyphenols Fucoidan Fucoxantin Lipid 19

20 "Biorefinery is a sustainable processing of biomass into several products and energy" Cultivation Extraction Food end feed Carbohydrates Proteins Minerals Bioactives Thermochemical conversion Hydrothermal conditions Biofuels Chemicals Chemical conversion Water based chemistry DHMF (Bis(hydroxmethyl)furan) Polyuretan and polyesters Biochemical/-technological conversion High viscosity Biofuels Chemicals Food and feed Value chain biorefinery: ~300 Billion $ in 2020 (The World Economic Forum ) 20

21 Tare arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff Klimavennlig råstoff Hurtigvoksende biomasse Kort karbonsyklus Bærekraftig dyrking Erstatter fossilt råstoff Gir kortreist biomasse Arbeidsplasser Den bioøkonomisk industrien: Dyrking Prosessering Markedsføring Utstyr Næringsmidler Fôr Energi Kjemikalier Kunnskap: Undervisning, forskning og utvikling Forvaltning: Arealbruk og miljøvern Virkemiddelapparatet: NFR, RFF, IN, Fylkeskommuner, EU Verdi 8 mrd NOK i 2030

22 Status seaweed cultivation in Norway Industry: Folla Alger Ocean Future Seaweed Energy Solutions Algea Hortimare/Sulefisk Seaweed AS Austevoll Seaweed Farm Ocean Forest Smartfarm (equipm.) Research: AkvaplanNiva Bioforsk and GIFAS Val Videregående Skole SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS NTNU Inst. Biologi Møreforsking Norges Vel Environment and ecology: UiO, UiB, Niva, HI

23 Status seaweed processing/utilization in Norway Industry: Ocean Future Nesset Sjømat AS Bygda 2.0 Seaweed Energy Solutions Biotrål Algea Seaweed AS Austevoll Seaweed Farm FMC BioPolymer Alginor AlgiPharma Research: UiT Bioforsk SINTEF Materialer og kjemi SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS SINTEF Energi NTNU Inst. Bioteknologi Møreforsking NIFES NMBU

24 Special Interest Group Seaweed Start-up workshop 19.september

25 Thanks to SINTEF for the priority project 'Biobased products from sustainable resources (seaweed)' The SINTEF Seaweed bed Thank you 25