Qualitative Research Methods in Psychology - Lab Department of Psychology

Transcription

1 Qualitative Research Methods in Psychology - Lab Department of Psychology Lab Objectives: (1) Develop skills in interview transcription for the purposes of qualitative analysis. (2) Develop skills in inductive multilevel qualitative data analysis (grounded interpretive phenomenological analysis). (3) Learn how to use Dedoose software to assist with qualitative data management and analysis. Required Materials American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 6 th Edition. American Psychological Association. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Maxwell, J.A. (2013). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Earbuds for computer Lab Requirements 1. Homework 20% 2. Human Subjects Training 20% 3. Transcription Accuracy 20% 4. Proper Application of Analytic Procedure 20% 5. Quality of Analytic Reflections 20% Attendance This is an experiential lab. It is imperative that you be in attendance. If you find yourself missing 2 or more classes (excused or unexcused), you need to seriously consider withdrawing from this course, as making up the work will likely prove too difficult. Death in the family, participation in religious holidays, involvement in school-sponsored activities, and illnesses requiring medical attention are some examples of excused absences. Absence due to illness must be substantiated in writing by the treating professional in order to be considered excused. No exceptions. Unexcused absences will have a negative impact on your grade. Work missed due to unexcused absences will not be accepted and will not receive any credit. Homework You will be assigned homework as part of this class. Homework is assigned for the purposes of lab practice and lab preparation. All homework assignments are outlined in the schedule at the end of the syllabus. Late assignments will not be accepted and will not receive any credit. 1

2 Human Subjects Training When conducting research with human participants, it is important for you to be aware of potential ethical conflicts that can emerge while conducting research, and that you learn current best practices for the ethical implementation of research. Toward this aim, you will complete the National Institute of Health s (NIH) Protection of Human Subjects 8nline course on the first day of class. This course will provide you with a certificate of completion and overall score at the end. Your score will constitute 20% of your overall lab grade. You must complete this online training on the first day of class. Make-ups will not be permitted. Transcription Accuracy You will transcribe a total of seven responses to one interview question, and will be evaluated on your level of accuracy. Transcription accuracy is the foundation of trustworthy qualitative interview analysis; thus, it is important for you to develop a high level of proficiency in this domain. These interviews are from the movie, One, a documentary that examines interpersonal relationships, spirituality, and the concept of human oneness from the perspective of some of the world s most highly regarded spiritual leaders. As with all assignments in this class, you transcripts must be typed. In the page header, you should include your name, the date(s) of transcription, and the length of time of the interview. Late work will not be accepted and will not receive credit. Your transcript should include a time stamp that indicates where on the tape the data can be found, and the last name of the person talking. See the example below: 2:30 (2 minutes and 30 seconds into the tape) Grayman: Welcome to Qualitative Methods Lab. My name is Dr. Nyasha Grayman-Simpson, and I will be your instructor in this course this semester (clears throat). Let s go around the room and introduce ourselves. 2:10 Simpson: My name is Richard Simpson, and I am a junior accounting major. Be sure to indicate pauses, silences, laughter, and any other audible communication in your transcript. Proper Application of Analytic Procedure You will learn a general interpretive approach to analyzing interview data. This approach will involve coding, conceptual mapping, second, and possible third level thematic analysis, and the implementation of techniques designed to bolster trustworthiness in the analytic process and its outcomes. Your grade will be based on the degree to which you are able to implement these analytic techniques following guidelines set forth in class. Late work will not be accepted and will not receive credit. Quality of Analytic Reflections Qualitative research is at its foundation, a reflexive analytic process. Thick, in-depth reflections, field notes, and memos throughout the entire process of research design, implementation, and analysis, contribute to the overall trustworthiness of findings. Consequently, the degree to which your reflections embody thoughtful self-reflexivity will be evaluated as part of your overall lab grade. Late work will not be accepted and will not receive credit. 2

3 Grading Rubric (A) (B+) (C+) (D+) (A-) (B) (C) (D) (B-) (C-) (D-) 59 (F) Course Schedule Date Lab 1 Lab Activity Download Dedoose User Guide. Setting up your project in Dedoose. Importing in Dedoose. Human Subjects Training A. Why is there poverty and suffering in the world, from your perspective, and how did you come to develop this perspective? (1 page, single spaced response) B. Make a list of the things that you would expect other people to say in response to this question (add on to the end of your response). C. What connections do you see between your perspective and your thoughts on what others will likely say? (1 paragraph, single spaced response added on after the list) Import into Dedoose. Lab 2 Due the Sunday before next Tuesday s lab. Writing memos in Dedoose. Research and summarize biographies of Thich Nhat Hahn, Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev, and Deepak Chopra. Import summaries into Dedoose. (1 page, single spaced) Transcribe One interview responses to the question of why there is poverty and suffering in the world according to Thich Nhat Hahn, Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev, and Deppak Chopra. Import into Dedoose. Write a reflective paragraph memo in Dedoose discussing your first transcription process. Discuss the challenges and/or ease of transcribing, the amount of time that you had to dedicate to 3

4 transcribing, your initial impressions of the interviewees based on their biographies, your reactions to their responses, and striking points made by the interviewees. A. Read Ch. 2. (Creswell) Philosophical, paradigm, and interpretive frameworks B. Which paradigm best represents your personal worldview, or philosophy for living? Lab 3 All homework is due the Sunday before next Tuesday s lab. Creating conceptual maps in Word Read Maxwell, p Research and summarize biographies of Robert Thurman, Father Richard Rohr, Father Thomas Keating, and Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee. Import summaries into Dedoose. (1 page, single spaced) Transcribe One interview responses to the question of why there is poverty and suffering in the world according to Robert Thurman, Father Richard Rohr, Father Thomas Keating, and Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee. Import into Dedoose. Write a reflective paragraph memo in Dedoose discussing this second transcription process. Discuss your developing skills as a transcriber, the amount of time spent transcribing this set of responses, initial impressions of this set of interviewees based on their biographies, reactions to their responses, and striking points made by this set of interviewees. Create a conceptual map of responses to the question of why there is poverty and suffering in the world based on your initial impressions. All work is due no later than the Sunday before next Tuesday s lab. Lab 4 A. Read Ch. 8 (Creswell) - Data Analysis and Representation Read transcripts 3 x through in their entirety. Note your second impressions of the interviewees, their responses, and striking points made (note: prolonged engagement with data helps to ensure trustworthiness). Revise conceptual map of responses to the question of why there is poverty and suffering in the world based on your second impressions. 4

5 Lab 5 All work is due no later than the Sunday before next Tuesday s lab. Highlighting excerpts in Dedoose. Return to your initial thoughts on why there is poverty and suffering in the world (your personal thoughts and perceptions of thoughts of others recorded for homework after the first lab). Highlight excerpts from all seven interviews that support your initial expectations. Revise conceptual map of responses to the question of why there is poverty and suffering in the world based on your third impressions. Upload to Dedoose. Write a reflective paragraph that critically examines this aspect of the analytic process. Upload to Dedoose. Lab 6 Using word query in Dedoose to assist with data analysis. Highlight excerpts that you didn t expect to encounter. Revise conceptual map of responses to the question of why there is poverty and suffering in the world based on your fourth impressions. Lab 7 Highlight excerpts from the responses that you find conceptually interesting or unusual (e.g., a unique way of responding, use of metaphors, etc.). Go through the transcripts and make note of what is not said. Specifically, who is excluded from the conversation about the meaning of life, and what is excluded from the conversation about the meaning of life? The use of pronouns (e.g., we, they, etc.) come provide some clue as to who is excluded. Revise conceptual map of responses to the question of why there is suffering and poverty in the world based on your fifth impressions. 5

6 Lab 8 Create a first codebook in Dedoose. Revise conceptual map of responses to the questions of why there is suffering and poverty in the world based on your sixth impressions and the codes represented in your codebook. Lab 9 A. Read Ch. 10 (Creswell) - Standards of validation and evaluation (up to p. 211, evaluation criteria) Lecture Establishing trustworthiness in qualitative analysis. Intercoder agreement of categories Break into dyads, review codes assigned to the data by your partner, and compare with your own coding scheme. Are the same passages coded in the same way? Write a memo in Dedoose summarizing your comparative findings. Peer debriefing discuss what you found with your partner, ask clarifying questions of your partner to better understand his/her coding approach. (note: through the process of asking clarifying questions, peer debriefing helps the researcher to develop her/his analytic skills, ultimately strengthening trustworthiness). Write a memo in Dedoose summarizing your comparative findings. Create a revised codebook in Dedoose that incorporates negative case analysis (identification of evidence, if any, that contradicts codes established within your codebook) and incorporates clarity gained through your peer debriefing session. The new codebook should hold a maximum of 20 codes. (note: negative case analysis process strengthens trustworthiness). Recode your data using your revised codebook (note: first data reduction process.) Create a revised conceptual map with new codes. 6

7 Lab 10 Second Level Analysis Thematic Analysis Take codes and analyze interrelationships among them to create a list of broader, conceptually meaningful themes, or parent codes. The number of your themes should not exceed six (6). (note: second reduction process.) Create new conceptual map that reflects both overarching themes, and subordinate codes. Lab 11 Interrater Agreement of Themes Break into dyads, review the themes of your partner, and compare with your own. Are the same themes identified using same codes? Write a memo in Dedoose summarizing your comparative findings. Peer debriefing discuss what you found with your partner, ask clarifying questions of your partner to better understand her/his approach to identifying themes. Conduct another negative case analysis. Write a memo in Dedoose summarizing your comparative findings. Create new conceptual map that includes second negative case analysis and themes. Themes will serve as a frame for your results write-up. Representing the data Presenting your codebook in an APA style table for the Results section. Read sample codebook represented in an APA style table Create an APA style table representation of your codebook. A. Re-read Ch. 2 (Creswell) - Philosophical, paradigm, and interpretive frameworks B. Read sample Results section of a qualitative study 7

8 Lab 12 Representing the data writing a draft of the results section Work on an APA style draft of a results section based on your data analysis. Your draft should be rooted in your paradigm, and should include your codebook in the form of an APA style table. Lab 13 Complete first draft of results section is due no later than Sunday. Work on a second draft of the results section. Complete final results section write-up. Due no later than Friday (Reading Day). 8

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