Whole Systems Approach to CO 2 Capture, Transport and Storage

Transcription

1 Whol Systms Approach to CO 2 Captur, Transport and Storag N. Mac Dowll, A. Alhajaj, N. Elahi, Y. Zhao, N. Samsatli and N. Shah UKCCS Mting, July 14th 2011, Nottingham, UK

2 Ovrviw 1 Introduction Powr Plant Modlling Captur Plant Modlling Ntwork Dsign 5 Summary 2

3 CCTS Ntwork Dsign Multiscal Modlling Ntwork Dsign Procss Modlling Molcular Modlling 3

4 Whol Systms Dynamic Modlling Objctivs: Dvlop a nw multi-scal dynamic modl-basd approach for th dsign and analysis of CCTS systms. Dsign a ntwork infrastructur to mt a spcific CO 2 rduction targt and minimis cost and opration problms. 4

5 Sction I Powr Plant Modlling 5

6 Pulvrisd Coal Powr Plant 6

7 Combind Cycl Gas Turbin Powr Plant 7

8 Exampl Boilr Stam Drum Modl 3 ) ( : : S R D D D L L V V F F L L V V L L V V L V L V F T T K Q Q h m h m h m dt du pv h M h M U Balanc Enrgy V V M V M M M M m m m dt dm Balanc Mass Mathmatical Modl 8

9 3-Elmnt Control Stratgy for Boilr Drum Thr procss variabls (PVs) ar masurd: liquid lvl in th boilr drum flow of fdwatr to th boilr drum flow of stam laving th boilr drum.

10 Dynamic Modl of PC Powr Plant 10

11 Dynamic Modl of CCGT Powr Plant 11

12 Sction II Captur Plant Modlling 12

13 SAFT-VR: Th Molcular Modl Equation is prsntd as a sum of fr nrgy prturbations: A = A Idal + A Mono + A Chain + A Assoc + Proprtis from drivativs of fr nrgy HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -NH 2 H * Molculs ar modlld as chains of m sphrical sgmnts Sgmnts intract via squar wll potntial (r) - H* r HB HB HB HB H * * * * H H H H* Strong anisotropic intractions Squar-wll association sits 13

14 Amin+CO 2 (+Watr): Ky Intractions Bicarbonat formation: RNH 2 + CO 2 [RNH 2+ CO 2- ] H H* * H* Carbamat formation: + a 1 a 2 Amin CO 2 Bicarbonat 2RNH 2 + CO 2 [RNHCO 2- + RNH 3+ ] H H* * H* a 1 a 2 H + H H* * H* Amin * a 1 a 2 CO 2 H H* * H* a 1 a H 2 * Carbamat H* H* H* H* Amin 14

15 Molcular Scal Modlling MEA+H 2 O+CO 2 15

16 Procss Scal Modlling and Validation Non-quilibrium modl of post-combustion CO2 captur procss - Implmntd in gproms - Two-film mass transfr thory Modl validation - MEA-basd solvnt - xp Q Rb = 9.6 kw, θ Rb = calc Q Rb = kw, θ Rb = Proposd modl accuratly prdicts pilot plant data 16

17 Sction III Ntwork Dsign 17

18 Ntwork Challngs & Motivations Th intrconnctdnss btwn CCTS componnts ar bing ovrlookd Rduction targts ar implmntd into phass along th tim of planning Thr ar uncrtaintis in carbon and ful prics in th futur Powr plants running in sporadic way might xhibits oprational problms in th ntwork 18

19 Multi-priod Constraind Cost Optimisation Stratgic dcisions to b optimisd: Gographical location and th typ of CO 2 sourcs to b rtrofittd with a captur tchnology Amount of CO 2 to b capturd from ach sourc Transport mod Transport ntwork layout Gographical location and th typ of rsrvoirs to b invstd in for CO 2 squstraion Amount of CO 2 stord in ach rsrvoir at ach tim priod Snsitivity analysis on how th discount rat affcts th dcisions on th initial capital invstmnt in th infrasctur and thrfor th futur ntwork layout 19

20 Typical Suprstructur of Ntwork Grid squar i 1 C(i,k,t), NP(i,k,t) Sourc k 1 Q(i,j,l,t) Xt(i,j,l,t) Grid Squar j 1 S(j,m,t), NS(j,m,t) Sink k 1 Transport mod l 1 Sourc k n Sink k n Grid squar i n Grid Squar j n Sourc k 1 Transport mod l n Sink k 1 Sourc k n Sink k n Charactriz flu gas sourcs for diffrnt sourcs Dvlop cost of captur functions against dgr of captur Run th ntwork modl to find - whr to stablish captur plants - dgrs of captur from potntial sourcs - th infrastructural layout of th transportation ntwork 20

21 Stady-stat CCS Modl Infrastructur Layout Infrastructur layout at 75MtCO 2 /yar Infrastructur layout at 105MtCO 2 /yar 21

22 Stochastic, Multi-priod & Dynamic Modlling Multi-priod modl finds th optimum transint ntwork taking into account th volution of th ntwork To hdg against futur uncrtaintis, main variabls and targts ar rprsntd in plausibl scnarios in stochastic modl Dynamic plant modl will b usd to idntify any oprational problms in th ntwork at this arly stag of planning 22

23 Conclusions W ar dvloping dtaild molcular modls of solvnts and solvnt blnds with application to post-combustion CO2 captur using th SAFT approach. W ar dvloping dynamic modls of coal and gas fird powr stations whr th optimal intraction of CO 2 captur lvl and powr plant output control ar invstigatd. W ar dsigning th spatially and tmporally distributd CCTS ntworks basd on incrasing CO 2 captur targts in th UK. Nxt Stps Modl improvmnt and tsting Modl validation and customisation with practical data sts Dvlopmnt of oprability analysis scnarios

24 Enrgy Systms Enginring Dpt of Chmical Enginring Imprial Collg London London, SW7 2AZ LOGO

25 Rfrncs [1] Mac Dowll t al., Comp. Aid. Chm. Eng., 2011 [2] Konda t al., Int. J. Hydrogn Enrgy, 2010 [3] Mac Dowll t al, Enrgy & Environ. Sci., 2010 [4] Mac Dowll t al, Ind. Eng. Chm. Rs., 2010 [5] Alhajaj, A. t al, AIChE mting, 2010 [6] Mac Dowll t al, J. Phys. Chm. B., 2011 [7] Mac Dowll t al, Comp. Aid. Chm. Eng.,