X 303 SB SS 0 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS RAKESH MOHAN JOSHI. Indian Institute of Foreign Trade New Delhi C OXJFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

Transcription

1 X 303 SB SS 0 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS RAKESH MOHAN JOSHI Indian Institute of Foreign Trade New Delhi C OXJFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

2 Contents Prefact List of Abbreviations Globalization and Globalization of Business: A Historical Perspective Concept of Globalization Factors Influencing Globalization Measuring Globalization Globalization: Reality or Myth Support of Globalization Criticism of Globalization Response Strategies to Globalization Forces for Emerging Market Companies r Concept of Reasons for Expansion Domestic versus International Business Managing Business in the Globalization Era Theories of International trade Theory of Mercantilism V XV Theory of Absolute Advantage Theory of Comparative Advantage Factor Endowment (Heckscher-Ohlin) Theory Country Similarity Theory The New Trade Theory International Product life-cycle Theory Theory of Competitive Advantage Implications of Trade Theories Case Study: Emergence of Chip Design Industry in Asia Patterns and Balance of Payments World Trade: An Overview India's Foreign Trade: An Overview Gains from Balance of Payments India's Sluggish Export Performance: An Evaluation Annexure I: India's Foreign Trade Annexure II: Direction of India's Trade: Exports Case Study: Developing Countries' Trade Dependence and Exports Growth Opportunities

3 xii Preface Annexure III: Direction of India's Trade: Imports 125 Annexure IV: Share and Percentage Change in India's Exports 127 Annexure V: Composition of India's Exports 128 Annexure VI: Share and Percentage Change in India's Imports 130 Annexure VII: Composition of India's Imports Institutional Framework for International Economic Institutions Organizations for International Trade Promotion Institutional Framework for in India World Trade Organization WTO Agreements: An Overview Ministerial Conferences and Emerging Issues The Deadlock in WTO Negotiations GATT/WTO System and Developing Countries International Economic 221 Integrations Theoretical Framework of PTAs Forms of International Economic Integration Growth of Regional Trading Agreements 6.5 Major Regional Trade Agreements 6.6 India's Participation in PTAs Limitations of Regional Economic Integrations Regional Trade Agreements vis-a-vis Multilateral Trading System under the WTO 7. International Cultural Environment Self-reference Criterion and _ - Ethnocentrism: Major Obstacles in Decisions 7.3 The Concept of Culture 7.4 Comparison of Cross-cultural Behaviour 7.5 Cultural Orientation in 7.6 Emic vs Etic Dilemma: Cultural Uniquness vs Pan-culturalism Case Study: Cross-cultural Misapprehensions over the Swastika in the West 8. Political and Legal Environment International Political Environment International Legal Environment Risks in Policy Framework for Trade Policy Options for Developing Countries 333 Instruments of Trade Policy 337 India's Foreign Trade Policy 340 Policy Initiatives and Incentives by the State Governments 373 WTO and India's Export Promotion Measures 374 Case Study: Special Economic Zones under Fire 380

4 Preface xiii 10. Country Evaluation and 387 Selection Research Country Evaluation Tools for Country Evaluation and Selection Modes of International 440 Business Expansion Expansion Modes Strategy for Selecting International Business Expansion Mode 475 Case Study: Expansion Strategy ofongc Foreign Direct Investment Types of FDI Theories of International Investment Patterns of FDI Policy Framework to Promote Foreign Direct Investment FDI Trends in India 527 Case Study: FDI in Automobile Sector in India. \ Multinational Enterprises Concept of a Multinational Enterprise Types of Multinationals Impact of MNEs on Host Economies Measuring the Extent of MNE's Internationalization Emerging MNEs from Rapidly Developing Economies 565 Case Study: Ranbaxy: No More an Indian Multinational International Marketing :2 Framework of International Marketing ' Setting Marketing Objectives Market Identification, Segmentation, and Targeting Entry Mode Decisions International Marketing Mix Decisions Product Decisions International Pricing Decisions International Distribution Channels Communication Decisions for International Markets Framework for International Product Promotion Strategies Reviewing Performance and Consolidating International Marketing Operations 623 Case Study: Barbie Faces Islamic Dolls International Finance International Monetary Systems Contemporary Exchange Rate Arrangements Prevailing Currencies and Markets Determination of Exchange Rates Foreign Exchange Market Foreign Exchange Risks and Exposure Global Cash Management Modes of Payment in

5 xiv Preface Finance Export Finance Global Operations and 684 Supply Chain Management 18.2 Export-Import Procedures Terms of Delivery in International Trade Transactions Documentation for International Trade Transactions Global Operations Management Global Supply Chain Management Third Party Logistics Maritime Transportation in Alternates for Ocean Shipment International Organizations Associated with International Maritime Transportation Institutional Framework for Maritime Transport in India International Human 725 Resource Management Concept of International Human Resource Management International Organizational Structures Strategic Orientations and Practices for IHRM Managing International Human Resource Activities Regulatory Frameworkand Industrial Relations Procedures and Documentation 19. Global E-business Conceptual Framework of E-business 809 Prerequisites for Effective E-business Transactions 816 E-enabled Business Process Transformations and Challenges 817 E-business Technology and Environment 819 E-business Applications 824 E-business Models 826 Alternative E-business Strategies 831 Global E-marketing Global E-services Electronic Processing of Documents Policy Framework for Global E-business Ethics and Social 851 Responsibility Ethics Unethical Business Practices Corporate Social Responsibility 887 Case Study: Multinational's Lackadaisical Attitude Led to World's Worst Industrial Disaster Index 898