Advances in Pediatric Ophthalmology Research

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1 Advances in Pediatric Ophthalmology Research Reports presented in 2010 at the 20 th anniversary of the Sigvard & Marianne Bernadotte Research Foundation for Children Eye Care Edited by Gunnar Lennerstrand and Gustaf Öqvist Seimyr

& Marianne Bernadotte Research Foundation for Children

3 Advances in Pediatric Ophthalmology Research Reports presented in 2010 at the 20 th anniversary of the Sigvard & Marianne Bernadotte Research Foundation for Children Eye Care Edited by Gunnar Lennerstrand and Gustaf Öqvist Seimyr

4 The research presented in this publication has been supported by the Sigvard & Marianne Bernadotte Research Foundation for Children Eye Care

6 Preface The Sigvard & Marianne Bernadotte Research Foundation for Children Eye Care was founded in January 1990 by Princess Marianne Bernadotte and the late Prince Sigvard Bernadotte. The aim of the Foundation is to support pediatric ophthalmology research in Sweden, and to create a center for research and advanced eye care for children at Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm. As the years have passed, the Foundation has become an important contributor to research funding in pediatric ophthalmology. Scientists from all universities of Sweden have been supported in their research projects. The Bernadotte Laboratories for pediatric ophthalmology have been established at St. Erik Eye Hospital in Stockholm. Symposia and other meetings in pediatric ophthalmology have been funded. A named Honorary Lecture for Prince Sigvard has been presented at each Nordic Pediatric Ophthalmology Congress since 1994 by a distinguished researcher of pediatric ophthalmology. A Prize is awarded in the name of Princess Marianne biannually since 1995 to a prominent researcher in clinical pediatric ophthalmology. At its 10 th anniversary the Foundation published a résumé of the research it had supported at that time, included in a short handbook of pediatric ophthalmology for laymen and parents. Now, in 2010, the Foundation celebrates its 20 th anniversary. This volume is a part of the celebration, representing an account of important advances in pediatric ophthalmology in Sweden and internationally. Marianne Bernadotte Founder Gunnar Lennerstrand Chairman

As the years have passed, the Foundation has become an important contributor to research funding in pediatric ophthalmology.

7 Authors Ann Hellström, Professor Department of Ophthalmology, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children s Hospital, Gothenburg Gerd Holmström, Professor Department of Clinical Neuroscience. University of Uppsala, Academic Hospital, Uppsala Lena Jacobson, Associate Professor Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Children s Hospital, Stockholm Peter Jakobsson, Associate Professor Department of Ophthalmology, University of Linköping, University Hospital, Linköping Maria Kugelberg, Associate Professor Hospital, Stockholm Gunnar Lennerstrand, Professor em. Hospital, Bernadotte Labs, Stockholm

University of Uppsala, Academic Hospital, Uppsala Lena Jacobson, Associate Professor Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Children s Hospital,

8 Lene Martin, Associate Professor Hospital, Bernadotte Labs, Stockholm Tony Pansell, Assistant Professor Karolinska Institutet, Optometry, Bernadotte Labs, Stockholm Agneta Rydberg, Associate Professor Hospital, Bernadotte Labs, Stockholm Kristina Teär Fahnehjelm, Associate Professor Hospital, Bernadotte Labs, Stockholm Jan Ygge, Professor Hospital, Bernadotte Labs, Stockholm

Associate Professor Hospital, Bernadotte Labs, Stockholm Kristina Teär Fahnehjelm, Associate

9 Contents Introduction i The First 20 Years of the Foundation 1 Gunnar Lennerstrand Research reviews I The Development and Assessment of Vision 15 Agneta Rydberg II Development of the Visual Field 25 Lene Martin III Eye Development and Refractive Errors 33 Tony Pansell IV Ocular Motility Development 41 Jan Ygge V Childhood Strabismus 49 Gunnar Lennerstrand VI Visual Screening in Children 55 Peter Jakobsson VII Pediatric Cataract 63 Maria Kugelberg

$Development and Refractive Errors 33 Tony Pansell IV Ocular Motility Development 41 Jan Ygge V Childhood$

10 VIII The Impact of Growth and Growth Factors for 69 Vascular and Neural Development in Preterms Ann Hellström IX Prematurity and the Eye 77 Gerd Holmström X Visual Function and Ocular Findings in Children with 85 Pre- and Perinatal Brain Damage Lena Jacobson XI The Eye Mirroring Inherited Metabolic Disorders 97 Kristina Teär Fahnehjelm

Function and Ocular Findings in Children with 85 Pre- and Perinatal Brain Damage

The First 20 Years of the Foundation

i The First 20 Years of the Foundation Gunnar Lennerstrand Introduction The Sigvard & Marianne Bernadotte Research Foundation for Children Eye Care was established in January 1990. The founders were Princess