How To Breed An Apricot
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- Ruth Jocelin Howard
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1 APRICOT BREEDING UNIV. OF BOLOGNA and MILANO - Italy D. Bassi M. Rizzo, D. Vivoli
2 PROGRAM GOALS HIGH BRIX FLESH QUALITY FIRMNESS-JUCINESS APPEARANCE AROMA GROUND: bright yellow-orange; blush SIZE: 60-80g EXTENDING RIPENING SEASON DISEASE RESISTANCE: brown rot; PPV apricot_breeding_db 2
3 Diverse flesh texture SOFT AND MELTING Very soft Soft FIRM AND MELTING Firm Very firm Ouardi Reale di Imola Harcot Harval FIRM AND COMPACT Very firm Very, very firm Yamagata 3 Tirynthos apricot_breeding_db 3
4 Ripening evolution: respiration Respiration amount low high Respiration rate slow fast Tirynthos - Moniqui Beliana Bergeron - Goldrich - Tirynthos Beliana - Moniqui - EarlyBlush Role of calcium?? apricot_breeding_db 4
5 Ripening evolution: ethylene 250 µl/kg/h Bebeco Canino Goldrich S.Castrese Bo hours after harvest apricot_breeding_db 5
6 Fruit ideotypes (1): Fresh market Traditional New apricot_breeding_db 6
7 Fruit ideotypes (2) novelty! White Glabrous skin Orange flesh apricot_breeding_db 7
8 Fruit ideotypes (3): Processing STANDARDS? Juce Canning Drying Acidity 1.5% Brix >15% Acidity % Brix >15% Acidity <0.5% Brix >20% apricot_breeding_db 8
9 DISEASE RESISTANCE > Brown rot (Monilinia spp.) Several pathogens Flowers and fruits (no correlation) Quantitative inheritance Strong environmental effects apricot_breeding_db 9
10 Sharka (PPV) PARENTS: Harlayne, Harcot, Lito, Orange Red SEO, Stella, etc. Heritability Two or three genes? Dominant? M.A.S. for D and M strains?? apricot_breeding_db 10
11 APRICOT Ripening season Ripening May June July Cultivar Aurora BO NINFA BORA BOREALE Goldrich BO PIEVE Portici ARDORE apricot_breeding_db 11
12 APRICOT SEEDLINGS and ADVANCED SELECTIONS stage trees Growing Seeds Advanced selections 111 Commercial trials 34 apricot_breeding_db 12
13 NINFA Early Blush Origin: Ouardi x Tirynthos Tree (high adaptability) Habit: open Growth: medium-poor Bloom: early-medium Self-compatible Yield: high Fruit: 50g.: round, yellow, firmness: medium-poor flavour: mild apricot_breeding_db 13
14 APRICOT Ripening season Ripening May June July Cultivar Aurora BO NINFA BORA BOREALE Goldrich BO PIEVE Portici ARDORE apricot_breeding_db 14
15 BORA with Tirynthos Origin: Early Blush x PA Tree (hilly areas) Habit: regular Growth: medium-high Bloom: early-medium Part. self-compatible Yield: medium-good PPV resistance?? Fruit: 70g. elongated, orange, firmness: good flavour: mild apricot_breeding_db 15
16 APRICOT Ripening season Ripening May June July Cultivar Aurora BO NINFA BORA BOREALE Goldrich BO PIEVE Portici ARDORE apricot_breeding_db 16
17 BOREALE + 10 Tirynthos Origin: San Castrese x Reale di Imola Tree Habit: regular Growth: medium Bloom: early-medium Self-compatible Yield: good Fruit: 70g., ovate, yellow firmness: good flavour: mild, acidic apricot_breeding_db 17 resitant to cracking
18 APRICOT Ripening season Ripening May June July Cultivar Aurora BO NINFA BORA BOREALE Goldrich BO PIEVE Portici ARDORE apricot_breeding_db 18
19 PIEVE -2 Portici Origin: Harcot x Reale di Imola Tree Habit: open Growth: medium-high Bloom: medium Self-compatible Yield: very good Fruit: 70g. ovate, yellow, firmness: good flavour: oustanding apricot_breeding_db 19
20 APRICOT Ripening season Ripening May June July Cultivar Aurora BO NINFA BORA BOREALE Goldrich BO PIEVE Portici ARDORE apricot_breeding_db 20
21 ARDORE + 15 San Castrese Origin: Harval A.I. Tree Habit: very upright Growth: vigorous Bloom: medium Self-compatible Yield: very good Fruit: 50g., orange-red firmness: very-very firm flavour: good, not juicy apricot_breeding_db 21
22 APRICOT Ripening season Ripening May June July Cultivar Aurora BO NINFA BORA BOREALE Goldrich BO PIEVE Portici ARDORE apricot_breeding_db 22
23 BO Early Blush Origin: NJ A 53 x NJ A 62 Tree Habit: open Growth: vigorous Bloom: medium Self-incompatible Yield: average-low Fruit: 60-65g., orange-red firmness: firm flavour: very good apricot_breeding_db 23
24 APRICOT Ripening season Ripening May June July Cultivar Aurora BO NINFA BORA BOREALE Goldrich BO PIEVE Portici ARDORE apricot_breeding_db 24
25 BO with Goldrich Origin: Harcot x Reale di Imola Tree Habit: medium upright Growth: medium Bloom: medium Self-compatible Yield: very good Fruit: 70-80g. ovate, yellow, firmness: very good flavour: very good (tendency to split) apricot_breeding_db 25
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