Melbourne Docklands ESD Guide

Transcription

1 Melbourne Doklands ESD Guide Eologially Sustainable Development May 2006

2 The most signifiant environmental hallenges of our time are global limate hange and fossil fuel dependeny. Rising greenhouse gas emissions; exessive natural resoure use; water, soil and air pollution have all signifiant environmental, soial and eonomi onsequenes. Yet, the future of Australia is exeptionally bright when we begin to innovate the urban development proess by bringing greenhouse emissions and short-term dependene on non-renewable resoures to a globally-sustainable level. To meet this hallenge, and to reognise emerging market demands, ViUrban has taken a leading role in working with developers to inorporate priniples of eologially sustainable development in their developments.

3 01 Contents ESD mission statement 03 Foreword and Introdution 04 1 Bakground and ontext 05 Approah to ESD 06 ESD approval proess 07 Opportunities for ESD in Melbourne Doklands 08 of this ESD Guide 09 ESD priniples 10 Current praties and initiatives 11 Proedures in this Guide 12 2 ESD design elements 13 ESD design elements 14 3 Performane Indiators and Guidane Notes 19 ESD Performane Indiators 21 Outdoor spae, the site 22 Atmosphere 23 Water 24 Transport 25 Energy 26 Building materials 32 Indoor Environmental Quality 33 Waste 35 Innovation 36 4 Case studies and further information 37 Newington (2000 Olympi Games) Village, New South Wales 38 60L Green Building, Vitoria 39 Moore Park Gardens, New South Wales 40 Kogarah Town Square, New South Wales 41 Building A, University of Melbourne, Vitoria 42 Siemens National Headquarters, Vitoria 43 Geosiene Australia, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 44 University of Newastle, New South Wales 45 Summary of ase studies 46 Organisations to ontat and websites 47 Glossary 48 ESD Projet team 49

4

5 03 ESD mission statemement With 200 hetares of land and water, and seven kilometres of new waterfront adjaent to the entral ity, Melbourne Doklands provides a unique opportunity for the new millennium. ViUrban's ESD mission is to reate, maintain and ommuniate Melbourne Doklands as a development projet of eologially sustainable exellene, demonstrating to the market environmental leadership and ommerial viability.

6 04 Foreword and Introdution Foreword ViUrban under its At of Parliament, and ombined with the diretion of Government, is strongly ommitted to ensuring that our eonomy, soiety and environment develop in a balaned and sustainable way. To that end, ViUrban has taken the initiative to protet our natural environment, to provide a safer, leaner urban environment and to pursue Eologially Sustainable Development (ESD). Doklands is Australia s largest urban waterfront renewal projet. While ensuring ESD priniples are integrated into the Doklands development, the Melbourne Doklands ESD Guide also represents an opportunity for Melbourne Doklands to drive broader ESD outomes aross Vitoria and throughout the building industry. Eologially Sustainable Development is a marriage of environmental sustainability, ommerial viability and soial responsibility. By adopting its priniples, Melbourne Doklands an reinfore its position as Vitoria s and Australia s new workplae of hoie for industry leaders and innovators. The priniples, design elements and performane indiators in this Guide reinfore the notion that development in Doklands an be eologially sustainable, applying pratial ESD solutions in building design that demonstrate ommerial viability while being soial responsible. Indeed, the redevelopment of Melbourne s disused and derelit doklands, formerly a major brownfields site lose to Melbourne s CBD, is a signifiant sustainable development deision in itself. Introdution Melbourne Doklands is on the way to beoming one of the World s truly great domains a magnifient waterfront address in the heart of one of the World s most liveable ities. Sustainable development is an important part of this vision. ViUrban has sine its ineption, identified the quality of the physial environment as fundamental to the suessful transformation of this former port area. ViUrban has developed the Melbourne Doklands ESD Guide to build on its Environmental Management System, Development Agreements and the Melbourne Doklands Planning provisions that inlude ESD performane measures and energy onsumption targets. Working with developers, ViUrban s development proesses aim to ahieve a responsible, integrated and ommerially viable approah to environmental management. This inludes high levels of air and water quality, site remediation and inreasingly sustainable building and design performane that will benefit the wider ommunity in years to ome. These benefits inlude lower energy osts and omfortable energy smart buildings for residents and businesses. Visitors to Doklands will benefit from leaner air and water; the establishment and support of native vegetation and fauna, and a healthy urban environment. The Melbourne Doklands ESD Guide is an important and pratial step forward in making Eologially Sustainable Development a reality.

7 Bakground and ontext Bakground and ontext 1

8 06 Approah to ESD Melbourne Doklands has an important role to play in the development of sustainability initiatives in Vitoria, within Australia, and globally. To meet this hallenge, and to reognise emerging market demands, ViUrban has taken a leading role in working with developers to inorporate priniples of ESD in their developments. ViUrban has prepared this Eologially Sustainable Development (ESD) Guide to build on poliies initially set out in Melbourne Doklands Environmental Management Plan (EMP) (1995), and inorporated in Part 4 of the Melbourne Planning Sheme (1996), Integration and Design Exellene (2000) and Melbourne Doklands Environmental Management System (2000). This Guide sets a minimum level of ESD performane required for development plan approval while enouraging endeavour towards World s best pratie. Consistent with the overall vision for Melbourne Doklands, the advantages of a proative approah to ESD are fully reognised: the appliation of ESD priniples is a fundamental requirement in the development of Melbourne Doklands ESD priniples inherently require the adoption of a long-term sustainable view to ensure that development meets the needs of the present without ompromising the needs of future generations By seizing the opportunity, all stakeholders in Melbourne Doklands an help shape a sustainable future proatively, rather than simply reating to hange as it ours. This ESD Guide is the next stage in ViUrban s work towards a sustainable future. The Doklands Authority Environmental Management Plan (EMP) (1995, revised 2000) inorporates a Site Environmental Management Plan (SEMP) heklist, and identifies how environmental management and eologially sustainable development is implemented at preint level. Preint Development Agreements (PDAs) have been signed with ompetitively seleted developers. In addition to its EMP, ViUrban has reognised and inluded diretions towards ESD in many of the strategi planning douments already published, inluding: Melbourne Doklands and City of Melbourne Open Spae Strategy (2001) Melbourne Doklands, Water Plan (2001) Melbourne Doklands Community Development Plan (2001) Melbourne Doklands Biyle Strategy (2000) Integration and Design Exellene (2000) Melbourne Planning Sheme, Part 4 Melbourne Doklands (MPS), Amendment L202 to the Loal Setion, ontaining the first EMP (Otober 1996). In line with the requirements of the Melbourne Planning Sheme, the EMP must be reviewed every four years. The adjaent City of Melbourne (MCC) has produed a strategy and ation plan for sustainable energy and greenhouse gases, and has set a target of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by The MCC s guidelines fous on a development s environmental footprint, whih will be measured using soial, environmental and eonomi indiators.

9 07 (Part of the planning and design approval proess) ESD approval proess Developer demonstrates ESD performane through appliation of ESD Guide Performane Indiators ViUrban oordinates input from DOI and MCC (inluding ESD) Development Agreement design approval proess (inluding ESD) Developer prepares Bid Proposal (inluding Stage Release dates and ESD Approah) and submits for assessment ViUrban selets suessful Developer and exeutes Development Agreement (inluding meeting requirements of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and ESD Guide) Developer prepares and submits Masterplan (masterplan for whole projet inluding Stage release dates and ESD Approah) onsistent with Bid Proposal Conept design drawings (inluding ESD Approah) Developer prepares and submits for eah Stage for ViUrban Developed design drawings (inluding ESD Approah) Developer prepares and submits eah Stage for ViUrban Final design doumentation (inluding ESD Approah) Developer prepares and submits for eah Stage for ViUrban Entire preint Stage release 8 Melbourne Planning Sheme planning approval proess (inluding ESD) Developer prepares and submits Development Plan * for entire preint ViUrban (as a Referral Authority) refers to Minister for Planning with reommendation DOI refers to MCC and Agenies Minister for Planning approves (possibly with onditions) as set out in Clause 415 of the Melbourne Doklands Area Planning Provisions Development Plan* for a Stage ViUrban (as a Referral Authority) refers to Minister for Planning with reommendation DOI refers to MCC and Agenies Minister for Planning approves (possibly with onditions) 9 11 Developer satisfies Planning and Design Condition Preedents to Stage Release Masterplan (from #3) Design Condition (from #7) Statutory Planning Approvals (from #10) Land Title released Stage onstrution ommenes Reporting of ESD Performane as part of SEMP 10 Developer has obtained relevant Planning Approvals for the Stage DOI Department of Infrastruture MCC Melbourne City Counil * Will beome a Planning Permit under the new format Planning Sheme in 2003 The above table illustrates the Development Agreement design approval proess (inluding ESD) and the approval proess under the Melbourne Planning Sheme failitated by the Department of Infrastruture (DOI) with input from the City of Melbourne (MCC).

10 08 Opportunities for ESD in Melbourne Doklands The ongoing partnership between ViUrban and developers ensures a produtive outome that positively harnesses ompetition and enourages and enables strategies and planning for effetive environmental management and development. By understanding the potential that ESD an play in Doklands and planning for it at an early stage, ommerial benefits an be identified and realised by developers. Given the long-term nature of the projet, there are opportunities, not available elsewhere, for viable paybak periods and ations without ost penalties. The development of Melbourne Doklands is staged over two deades and into the future. The buildings being designed and onstruted now will ultimately be valued against building design and performane in five, ten or more years. Overseas, developers and onstrutors are hanging their praties as investors inreasingly value ethial and environmental impats in their hoie of projets. The buildings being planned for Doklands today an be well positioned in this regard, as ESD aspets are likely to be an intrinsi part of the valuation formula applied to letting and oupying buildings in the future. It is ViUrban s intention for ESD to be embraed at all stages of development from briefing, through design, onstrution and, ultimately, the long-term operation of the buildings and their surroundings. By enouraging a holisti approah to ESD, Doklands an ontribute to a broader national ontext. This doument will ontribute to raising standards for the delivery of pratial, working examples of ESD.

11 09 of this ESD Guide The purpose of this ESD Guide is to: inform all stakeholders about priniples and praties that urrently guide the approah to ESD in Melbourne Doklands outline urrent environmental poliies, plans and systems detail the fundamental design elements for ESD explain Performane Indiator Tables and Guidane Notes The ESD Priniples, Key Design Elements and Performane Indiator Tables detail urrent requirements at both the broad sale and at a detailed level. The urrent requirements will be reassessed over time to reflet ongoing and ontinuous improvement. Relationships with other agenies ViUrban ontinues to form and develop relationships with stakeholders interested in ESD, gaining insight and advie from experts in the field, as well as learning from pratial experiene. Suh organisations inlude: Building Commission (BC); City of Melbourne (MCC); Commonwealth Sientifi and Industrial Researh Organisation (CSIRO); Monash University; Power/Energy Companies Energex; Royal Melbourne Institute of Tehnology (RMIT); Sustainability Vitoria; World Counil for Renewable Energy (WCRE); World Green Building Counil (WGBC); Green Building Counil of Australia (GBCA); University of Sydney; and Environment Protetion Authority (EPA). An exiting opportunity exists for eduation through pratial appliation of ESD priniples both in buildings and in the publi realm. Doklands an be a ase study for primary, seondary and tertiary eduation, and will also serve to inform and eduate end-users and the publi, leading by example. End-users will learn through atual ontat and interation with sustainable tehnology and praties. Ongoing and dynami proess With inreasing interest being taken by developers and other stakeholders, the development of this Guide, and implementation based on it, is a further step in a dynami, responsive, and ongoing proess. As momentum for ESD gathers in the marketplae, new designs, building produts, ideas and developments will ontinue to evolve. The approah and struture put in plae by ViUrban now will positively influene future outomes for integrating ESD with eonomial viability.

12 10 ESD priniples There are eight ESD priniples for Melbourne Doklands. These priniples, and ations to ahieve them, are: 1 Conserve and protet natural resoures protet non-renewable resoures enourage effiient buildings for energy onservation explore alternative energy systems promote use of renewable energy minimise resoure onsumption and maximise reuse of resoures minimise waste and pollution enhane water quality and minimise use of potable water 2 Create long-term value take a 20-year view of Doklands, and maximise the long-term value of the development develop Doklands as a leader in innovation reognise Doklands as an asset of outstanding publi quality that embraes ESD exellene develop Doklands to ater for future generations of users 3 Maximise preint opportunities maximise the assets of eah preint use water to ool buildings, where possible maximise ESD marketing opportunities in a whole-of-doklands approah 4 Balane eonomi, soial and environmental outomes set Performane Indiators and minimum standards measure small and large sale benefits balane short-term gains against long-term savings enourage appliations that maximise return on effort 5 Set standards, requirements and benhmarks, and ontinually review set minimum standards for assessment assess and rate all relevant initiatives assess through ommon reporting riteria monitor and assess standards, and ontinually improve to meet market and ommunity expetations 6 Develop a ollaborative approah, and apture and ommuniate knowledge ommuniate Doklands as a plae of ESD exellene establish partnerships and enourage ollaboration between stakeholders plan for and enourage a ommunity that praties sustainability develop loal and international relationships plan and enourage omplementary resoure uses within and aross preints develop and enourage knowledge through eduation that inlude shools, higher learning and tourism ommuniate and share knowledge about ESD 7 Promote alternative transport opportunities redue the need for ar use, through provision and enouragement of quality transport options, inluding walking and yling, publi transport and water-based transport maximise integration, links and ontinuity with existing transport infrastruture and the CBD 8 Create a healthy urban environment develop healthy buildings and urban spaes for visitors, workers and residents develop a healthy urban habitat for flora and native fauna explore opportunities for environmental eduation within the urban habitat

13 11 Current praties and initiatives The Doklands EMP and related douments provide a developed framework for implementing and reporting on ESD praties and their appliation. Current initiatives inlude: Integration of ativities and transport Strategi planning arried out by ViUrban, in partnership with developers, has resulted in an integrated approah to provide people who live, work and visit Doklands with the widest possible hoie of transport. The variety of transport will allow lifestyle onveniene and mobility throughout Doklands as a preint, and links with greater Melbourne and regional areas. A ohesive and integrated transport system that builds on and inorporates existing transport infrastruture is a high priority of ViUrban. It is intended that, by maximising the opportunities for alternative transport, dependene on ars for movement to, from and within Doklands will be redued. Open spae and pedestrian and yle networks The open spae, pedestrian and biyle networks being delivered now, and in the future, will reinfore and omplement the variety of transport options on offer in Doklands. The network and variety of spaes, and the paths that link them, provide for ommuters, rereational ylists and pedestrians, and ontribute to ahieving a healthier population. Community The diverse mixed-use ommunity planned for Doklands will attrat a wide variety of people inluding residents, workers and visitors to the area, ontributing to the sense of plae and ommunity. The Doklands ommunity an enourage interest in and, in turn, understanding, ommitment and drive for implementing ESD initiatives. Communiating expetations and ahievements Communiation about ESD in Doklands is essential to building partnerships and fostering eduation at all levels. By planning for and sharing knowledge between stakeholders, a ollaborative approah is being undertaken to maximise the benefits. Allianes and strategi relationships ViUrban is ontinuing the proess of forming allianes and strengthening relationships with other government agenies, private organisations and eduational institutions interested in ESD. ViUrban s relationship with various organisations, and its ability to at as a onduit, is already paying dividends. Professionals from several organisations are now playing important roles working with Doklands developers to deliver sustainable outomes.

14 12 Proedures in this Guide ViUrban has responsibility (under the Doklands Authority At 1991) to deliver the best possible publi outomes in return for the release of land for development. The ESD opportunities detailed in this Guide ontribute to that publi outome. The Guide also enables ommerial deisions to be made on how to best respond to the agreed ESD priniples at the initial planning stage of a projet. ESD an be delivered broadly as a fundamental part of the projet rather than as a ostly add-on. Rating award sheme and inentives The ESD rating award sheme set out in this Guide allows environmental ommitments in preints and buildings to be measured, ertified and awarded. Three progressive levels of ahievement have been developed. They are explained in detail in Chapter 3. ViUrban reognises that providing inentives to developers will assist in the reation of ESD leadership within Doklands. Ongoing work will help identify inentive opportunities, inluding: reognition through ertifiation and awards support in ollaborating and working with speialist environmental agenies individual marketing advantages sponsored reognition of ahievement through preint-wide marketing initiatives tehnial guidane and support Performane Indiators and Guidane Notes A Residential and Commerial Performane Indiator Table and aompanying Guidane Notes for the design elements have been developed. They reflet the EMP Guidelines, and build on the ESD Priniples. These tools form an integral omponent of the Doklands preint design and development proess, and quantify expetations and requirements at the planning and design approval stage. Reporting The need to report on the appliation of ESD is important to the suess of Melbourne Doklands. Doklands developers are urrently required to provide regular environmental performane reports, as part of their Site Environmental Management Plan (SEMP) developed during the planning and design phases. The reporting program reflets the environmental reporting requirements speified in ViUrban s EMP. Four types of reporting are speified: internal reporting; bi-monthly environmental reporting to ViUrban; emergeny or major hazard reporting; and non-ompliane reporting. The urrent reporting framework in the Doklands EMP has the flexibility to inorporate the details set out in this Guide. Reporting will our in four stages: Stage One Requires developers to advise ViUrban about how their development responds to the ESD Priniples at the time of planning and design. Diretions are mapped out, and then realised at design ompletion. The ESD Performane Indiator Tables provide guidane, and ViUrban works with developers to assist ahievement of Performane Indiators. Stage Two Reporting ours during onstrution and delivery of the development. During onstrution, the appliation of design outomes must be reported bimonthly, as required by the SEMP. This requirement already exists as part of the reporting riteria. Stage Three Reporting ours at the time of ommissioning the stages of the projet. During ommissioning and hand-over, final reports are assessed against the Performane Indiators to measure ahievement in relation to the design. An ESD ertifiate or award, reognising the level of ahievement, will be presented to the developer at this time. Stage Four Reporting ours post-oupany, to test the design and systems installed against what was envisaged. This stage of the reporting riteria loses the loop on applying ESD onepts. Testing the outomes provides the opportunity to better understand suessful appliations, and improve later stages of the projets.

15 ESD design elements ESD design elements 2

16 14 ESD design elements The ESD design elements lead from the broad Doklands ESD vision to their appliation in the Performane Indiator Tables and Guidane Notes. The following strategi design objetives under eah of the ten elements demonstrate the role of Doklands in regional, state, national and global ontexts, and aim to fulfil the requirements of the ESD priniples. 1 Biodiversity Biodiversity is a measure of the diversity of living things in the whole environment, an interating environment known as an eosystem. Ahieving an inrease in biodiversity is inherently loal in nature, foussing on the protetion and/or restoration of indigenous flora and fauna. The industrial past of Doklands saw removal of muh of the natural flora and fauna. There is now an opportunity to restore biodiversity in Doklands, and ViUrban reognises the importane of restoring appropriate native vegetation. 2 Soil Contaminated or unproteted soil an pollute waterways, stunt plant growth and affet strutural integrity. At Doklands, identifiation and remediation of any ontaminated soil and prevention of soil degeneration, both during and following onstrution, are key issues of onern. This inludes avoiding soil loss, and reduing sedimentation of the adjaent Vitoria Harbour, Moonee Ponds Creek and Yarra River. The primary opportunity for soil remediation and largesale improvement at Doklands is when bulk earthworks are undertaken. Soil management and remediation during all phases of onstrution are omprehensively addressed in the SEMPs whih apply to all Doklands developers. Opportunities for soil improvement programs will be reognised in the Innovation ategory of the Performane Indiator Tables. The Performane Indiators inlude restoration of plants and trees to both publi and private domains, with a proportion of native planting for eah development. Interrelated issues, suh as an inreased number of fauna, native and migratory birds, other speies of wildlife, and minimised water use (low irrigation requirements) are also onsidered. 1 2

17 15 3 Water Water is a preious and high-demand resoure, essential for all living things. Vitoria s fresh water supplies are affeted by a number of fators inluding athment loations, ontaminated soures, drought and rising demand. Reduing onsumption is a ritial part of alleviating pressure on soures and maintaining water availability. The three key water issues pertinent to Doklands are: redution of water need and demand reuse of water (stormwater and grey water) leaning and mitigation of water on site, prior to release Points are awarded in the Performane Indiators for use of water-effiient fittings and applianes whih redue demand, and for olletion of rain and stormwater for uses not requiring high-grade water. These ations an ahieve signifiant redutions in potable water demand and help ensure minimum burden is plaed on Melbourne s water supply. Doklands end-users will benefit from aess to water unaffeted by restritions or water shortage, ost-savings from redued onsumption, redued infrastruture osts for stormwater treatment, and leaner water bodies adjaent to where people live, work and rereate. ViUrban has prepared the Vitoria Harbour Litter Management Study, Stage 1 (2001), to improve water quality and provide a management struture. 4 Atmosphere Pollution of the atmosphere during onstrution and operation an have both loal and global environmental impats. ESD poliy requires that development minimises these impats. Loal atmospheri pollution diretly affets loal health: for example, airborne pollutants inrease the risk of Legionnaire s Disease, and dust may affet asthmatis. The Performane Indiators provide speial reognition for the use of heat dispersal systems. This tehnology uses water mass (eg Vitoria Harbour) to transfer and absorb heat from building ooling and heating plants, avoiding the need for ooling towers, a soure of Legionella bateria. Ozone depletion is a global problem whih auses inreased skin aner risk in Australia. CFC avoidane is mandated in the Performane Indiators and additional points are awarded for the avoidane of HCFCs (CFC replaements), whih also damage the ozone layer. 5 Transport Motor vehiles and private ar use are responsible for many forms of pollution. Global warming is diretly affeted by motor ar use inluding the high amounts of energy required to build ars and produe fuels that lead to CO 2 gas emissions in ar exhausts. Car exhaust fumes also inreases polluting partiles in the loal air, whih is a ontributing ause to asthma and other respiratory illnesses. There is a need to maximise alternative transport options, in order to redue the use and environmental impat of ars. Options inlude light rail and trams, trains, buses, water-based transport and pedestrian, yle and skating trails. Points are awarded in the Performane Indiator tables to enourage alternative transport options, partiularly walking and yling by providing attrative aess and storage and hanging failities. Alternative transport options are expeted to redue visual and physial ongestion, air and noise pollution, travel osts and travel stress levels, and reinfore the onept of a people-foussed preint

18 6 Energy Energy onsumption is the greatest environmental impat of any property development. Australia s energy, mostly generated from burning non-renewable fossil fuels, is Australia s largest ontributor of greenhouse gas emissions. Global warming is an international problem and many ountries are regulating energy onsumption and greenhouse gas emissions with inreased stringeny. Vitoria emits 1.34kg of CO 2 (a greenhouse gas) for every KWh of eletriity onsumed, the highest level in Australia. 1 Energy use is the most important ESD issue for Doklands. The large operational requirements for ommerial offies, residential apartments and retail entres reate potential for substantial environmental savings in energy effiieny. Energy effiieny is to be adopted in the built form and through the design and operation of eah development s mehanial, eletrial and hydrauli servies. Many tehniques are now available for energy effiient ommerial or residential buildings. They inlude: façade systems (whih promote natural lighting) orientation (north and south-orientated faades require less energy); atriums (whih maximise day-lighting and ontrol ventilation); natural ross-ventilation (for speifi areas to redue air onditioning needs); new generation ooling systems (eg hilled eilings/ beams, whih redue energy demands); low energy lamps (whih redue lighting osts and improve lighting quality); thermal mass in residential developments (whih improve temperature stability). Energy-effiient design an be ahieved in different ways, and ViUrban enourages flexibility in solutionfinding rather than adopting presriptive requirements. A pratial approah to ESD will ensure that high standards of urban design and overall design exellene for Doklands is not ompromised. ViUrban is adopting State Government energy effiieny and greenhouse rating shemes whih use a star rating system to ategorise assessed energy demands of a proposed development. A minimum star rating will be sought for buildings in Doklands. The ESD Performane Indiators also reward additional elements onsidered important but not overed under the rating shemes. Points are awarded to developments that ahieve natural ventilation in ar parks without the need for mehanial fans, beause the use of fans, when not required, an waste large amounts of energy. Where mehanial plant is used, the Performane Indiators require that sensors be inorporated, so fans only run when neessary, and at the level required to remove pollutants. Renewable energy onverts natural energy soures, suh as solar and wind energy, into eletriity. Although on-site generation of renewable energy is not required for developments in Doklands (beause other initiatives are generally more ost effetive), the Performane Indiators reognise these and enourage developers to inorporate renewable systems in their building or preint design. Tenants and building owners are beginning to fous on long-term osts of oupany and ownership. Adopting energy effiieny measures throughout Doklands will reate an environment where energy osts to tenants and owners an be redued. 1 Soure: The Greenhouse Challenge Workbook. Australian Greenhouse Offie,

19 17 7 Building materials Building materials from non-renewable soures, or requiring large amounts of energy in extration, manufature, transport and (eventual) disposal, are harmful to the environment. Besides energy use, these proesses an also ause harm through transportation, manufaturing by-produts, water onsumption during extration, landsape and topsoil degradation, and landfill. While assessment of materials for buildings an be time-onsuming, and diffiult to validate, ViUrban will reognise developers who show are in seleting low-impat building materials. The Performane Indiators address speifi materials (suh as PVC), but rapid improvements and additions to building materials provide a widening market hoie. In July 2000 the European Parliament adopted a paper presented by the Commission of European Communities entitled Green Paper, Environmental Issues of PVC. Inluded in the texts adopted by the European Parliament was a all on the European Commission to bring forward as soon as possible a long-term strategy for PVC substitution poliies based on a lifeyle omparative analysis for alternative produts beause of environmental issues identified in the Green Paper. PVC is used in almost all eletrial and data able duting and for lean, grey and foul water supply and drainage. ViUrban supports developers who: minimise the use of traditional PVC where there is a pratial and sustainable alternative produt, and reyle PVC onstrution waste in their projet 8 Indoor Environmental Quality Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) is a ritial element of healthy buildings. Poor IEQ is the prinipal ause of Sik Building Syndrome (SBS), whih osts millions of dollars eah year in lost produtivity, and even more in health setor osts. A NSW Government report 1 estimated the ost to the Australian eonomy through inreased absenteeism and redued produtivity at $125 million per year. Damages laims for health problems aused by poor IEQ have been awarded in the USA. IEQ is omposed of a number of fators, inluding Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), lighting, thermal omfort and noise. The Performane Indiators reognise a variety of items relating to IEQ that diretly affet a person s wellbeing, quality of life and produtivity. IAQ, diretly related to SBS and produtivity, is onsidered in the Performane Indiators for both ommerial and residential buildings. Points are awarded for maximising IAQ and for using low emission paints. These paints redue exposure to noxious airborne emissions whih, in turn, minimise the effets of hemial sensitivity related disorders suh as asthma. Lighting is a ruial part of a healthy indoor environment. Effetive natural lighting improves light quality and lowers energy requirements. Outdoor views help to maintain healthy eyesight and improve morale. High frequeny eletroni ballasts in fluoresent lighting (to redue flikering) are easy to aommodate, and may improve workplae produtivity by as muh as 0.5%. The Performane Indiators reward use of these eletroni ballast in offie environments and ommerial buildings, and high proximity of rentable spae to windows (to maximise views). Natural light is inluded as a measure in both residential and ommerial Performane Indiator Tables. 1 Soure: SKK Building Syndrome Report, The Standing Committee on Publi Works 7 8

20 18 10 Innovation Thermal omfort is required for all oupied spaes. Points are awarded for design that takes a holisti approah to providing omfortable environments in both residential and ommerial buildings. The IEQ ontrols inluded in the Performane Indiators are fundamental to ahieving an integrated outome in built form, where energy and resoure onservation is oupled with better quality living and working environments. The outome for Doklands will be a quality of spae today that beomes a minimum requirement in the future. 9 Waste Waste inludes both solid waste and sewerage. Solid waste is measured by both volume and toxiity to landfill, while sewerage loads imposed by Doklands will ontribute to the general burden on Melbourne s sewerage system, and the treatment plant at Werribee. When reyling is minimal, the kg of annual solid waste generated by a typial offie worker, as well as most household waste, often ends up in landfill. ViUrban is enouraging developers to integrate reyling systems that inlude vegetable waste, paper, PET plasti, glass and some metals to redue waste going to landfill. The Performane Indiators require the provision of waste reyling failities for separate waste streams in both residential and ommerial developments. Composting and mulhing of organi waste is also enouraged, whih an redue the ost of maintaining open publi spae. The Performane Indiators reognise the benefits of treating and reyling waste water, and points are awarded for on-site treatment. Innovation will hange aepted and entrenhed praties. The development and onstrution industry will be inreasingly hallenged as sustainable development beomes an even stronger business reality, and as demands for sustainable operation grow. Major eonomi benefits and marketing advantages an also be inreased through heightened ESD awareness and inreased onsumer demand. ViUrban welomes innovation and rewards developers, who demonstrate new tehnologies and best pratie environmental design. Innovation an also allow developers more freedom to ahieve desired ESD levels without ompromising integration and design. Thus the use of a speialist ESD onsultant or energy design professional is strongly enouraged. This element of the Performane Indiator Table will reognise efforts to attain ESD outomes in broader irumstanes than solely for the building for whih the riteria apply. This inludes ollaboration between developers and other parties to improve ESD outomes. The use of innovative ESD tehnology is reognised independent of onsequent outomes that are rewarded in other ategories. Monitoring and verifiation of buildings is required to properly evaluate a building s operational performane. This also helps ommuniate ESD outomes to a broader audiene. Ultimately, the industry needs information regarding the full benefit of environmental design to assist in future value assessment and diretion. Doklands has the opportunity to be both eonomially viable, and ontribute to broader ommunity outomes. 9 10

21 Performane Indiators and Guidane Notes 3

22 20 Performane Indiators and Guidane Notes The Performane Indiator Tables will be used to assess ESD design performane for eah building in Doklands. They will form the basis for future design and onstrution requirements, self-auditing by developers, reporting and approvals, and ertifiation of ESD ahievement. The Performane Indiator s points system has been developed for ommerial and residential building types. Detailed Guidane Notes are provided to learly state the level of ahievement required. Some requirements in the Performane Indiators are mandatory, and must be met in design proposals regardless of ertifiation level. Performane rating is, primarily, by self-assessment, with submission to ViUrban for approval at the time of the Development Appliation. Supporting doumentation is required to demonstrate how the performane will be ahieved. The performane level indiated will form the level of ESD ommitment for the ESD Certifiate of Ahievement This is the mandatory minimum level of ESD for developments at Doklands. The minimum performane points required for this level is 39 for residential development or 37 for ommerial development. projet. To ensure ommitments made at planning and design stages are delivered in the ompleted projet, auditing of ESD performane will be undertaken as part of the established Environmental Management Plan reporting and audit proess. At pratial ompletion of a given projet, developers will be required to demonstrate effetive implementation and performane of ESD initiatives to meet the ommitted level and requirements set out in the Guidane Notes, to the satisfation of ViUrban. Progressive levels of ahievement ViUrban will reognise ESD ahievement at three levels. This applies to both ommerial and residential developments and is based on the number of points attained for individual buildings. The points available are the total in eah hart, ie 121 points for residential and 111 points for ommerial. ESD Award of Merit This level of ahievement is aknowledged by ViUrban as a move towards best pratie and is awarded to reognise an inreased level of ommitment. The minimum performane points required for this level is 56 for residential development and 52 for ommerial development. ESD Award of Exellene This level of ahievement is onsidered by ViUrban to represent overall environmental exellene and is in the realm of best pratie. The minimum performane points required for this level is 79 for residential development or 72 for ommerial development. May 2006 May 2006 May 2006

23 21 ESD Performane Indiators (Maximum points available) Residential Commerial Benefits A Outdoor spae, the site A1 Native planting % 2 2 lower water use, lower garden maintenane A2 Light spill 2 2 improved light environment and energy ost savings A3 Stormwater retention and use 2 2 lower water rates A4 Brownfield site redevelopment 4 4 restores previously used and ontaminated sites B Atmosphere B1 Zero CFCs mandatory mandatory redued damage to Ozone Layer B2 No HCFCs 6 6 no damage to Ozone Layer B3 Heat dispersion to water or ground 4 4 eliminates Legionnaires Disease risk, low energy and lower water rates C Water yle and wastewater C1 Water onservation 8 4 lower water rates C2 Treatment and reuse of waste water 4 4 lower water and sewerage rates D Transport D1 Cylist failities 4 4 healthier population, lower air pollution D2 Proximity to alternative transport 4 4 redued ar use, alternatives for workers, visitors, residents E Energy E1 Minimum energy ratings mandatory mandatory energy ost savings, fewer greenhouse gasses emitted (NatHERS 4.0 star or equivalent) 4 4 E2 Car park CO monitoring mandatory mandatory energy ost savings E3 Low energy building design 6 8 energy ost savings E4 Renewable energy eletriity 4 6 energy ost savings E5 Renewable energy hot water 6 6 energy ost savings E6 Natural ventilation in apartments 6 energy ost savings, better air quality E7 Lighting power density 4 4 energy ost savings E8 Natural ventilation in ar parks 4 4 energy ost savings, fresher air, improved light E9 Low energy applianes 4 energy ost savings F Building materials F1 PVC minimisation 4 4 fewer harmful hemials generated (fabriation and disposal) F2 Plantation timber 4 4 protetion of old-growth forests F3 Embodied energy 4 4 less energy used to make buildings G Indoor Environmental Quality G1 Indoor air quality 6 8 improved health and produtivity for tenants G2 Natural lighting 6 6 improved health and produtivity for tenants G3 Low emission paints 4 improved general health, less hane of allergies indoors. G4 High Frequeny Ballasts n/a mandatory improve light quality and visual health, redue energy osts G5 Thermal omfort 4 3 improved morale and produtivity G6 Views n/a 3 improved morale and visual health H Waste H1 Reyling failities mandatory mandatory redues waste going to landfills I Innovation I1 Innovative ESD tehnology 3 3 broadens ESD horizons to help others I2 ESD/energy design professional 2 2 optimises ESD potential of building I3 Community partiipation/distrit systems 4 4 optimises ESD potential preint, buildings, open spae I4 Partnering-finaning-energy performane 2 2 inreases inentive to minimise energy use TOTAL Note: The Performane Indiator Table and assoiated Award Sheme referene the priniples of the two most widely reognised voluntary assessment tools from abroad: LEED; Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design BREEAM; The Building Researh Establishment Environmental Assessment Method

24 22 A Outdoor spae, the site A1 Native planting To redue irrigation demands through the use of native speies adapted to the loal limate and habitat reation. 50% of all plants introdued to landsaped areas are to be native to the State of Vitoria; or the landsape design to embrae and demonstrate response to the spirit and intent of this lause. Guidane Melbourne City West Water website. FloraBank website. Australian National Botanial Gardens website. The Waterwise Garden website. Nursery and Garden Industry Australia website. Demonstration referene projet Newington Olympi Village. A3 Stormwater retention and use To redue loadings on stormwater systems by reduing peak stormwater flows and redue the demands on potable water supply through use of olleted stormwater. Demonstrate 70% of all stormwater is ontained on site and reused. Guidane Sydney Water website. Melbourne City West Water website. Demonstration referene projets Kogarah Town Square; Newington Olympi Village; 60L Green Building, Carlton; Nurse s Faulty, University of Newastle. A4 Brownfield site redevelopment To enourage redevelopment of sites that have previously been developed. This redues pressures to develop green or unspoilt land. A2 Light spill To redue the impat of light pollution from the development site on adjaent sites and the night sky. (Light pollution adversely impats the migration of birds and the habits of inset speies). No diret beam light is to arry beyond the site boundaries or upwards without falling diretly on a surfae with the expliit purpose of illuminating that surfae. Guidane of_light_pollution.pdf Institute of Illuminating Engineers Guidane Notes, Demonstration referene projet Newington Olympi Village. Demonstrate previous use of 95% of land area. Demonstration referene projets Newington Olympi Village; 60L Green Building, Carlton. A

25 23 B Atmosphere B1 Zero CFCs mandatory requirement CFCs deplete the ozone layer, ausing higher rates of skin aner. The supply of CFCs has been phased out sine 1995, as ratified in the Montreal Protool. As alternatives of equal ost and performane are readily available, ViUrban seeks to avoid CFCs entirely from new developments. Demonstrate omplete avoidane of CFC-based refrigerants. Guidane Australian Institute of Refrigeration and Heating (AIRAH) Refrigerant Seletion Guide Demonstration referene projet 60L Green Building, Carlton. B2 No HCFCs HCFCs deplete the ozone layer, ausing higher rates of skin aner. ViUrban seeks to avoid HCFCs entirely from new developments, as alternatives of omparable ost and performane are readily available. Demonstrate omplete avoidane of HCFC-based refrigerants. Guidane Australian Institute of Refrigeration and Heating (AIRAH) Refrigerant Seletion Guide Demonstration referene projet 60L Green Building, Carlton. B3 Harbour heat rejetion Heat rejetion from air onditioning plant is ommonly undertaken by one of two means. Wet ooling towers or dry air oolers. Wet ooling towers are most effiient but an be subjet to miro-baterial infetion and have been assoiated with ases of Legionella infetion in Melbourne. Dry air oolers do not arry this risk, but redue effiieny of ooling in the warmer months and therefore inrease energy onsumption. The water bodies whih surround Doklands preints are able to be used for heat rejetion and redit will be given to those developments that pursue this initiative for a signifiant proportion of their heat rejetion requirements. Demonstrate the use of water (or ground) soure heat rejetion for more than 50% of the total peak heat rejetion requirements for the development. Guidane BDP Environmental Design Guide. TEC 6, An introdution to ground soure heat pumps, February GeoXhange, Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium. Demonstration referene projets Woolloomooloo Finger Wharf (Sydney Harbour heat rejetion); Sydney Opera House (Sydney Harbour heat rejetion); AGSO Building, Canberra (Geothermal heat pumps); Nursing Faulty, Newastle University (Geothermal heat rejetion). B

26 24 C Water C1 Water onservation To redue demands on potable water supplies and infrastruture by reduing peak demand and annual usage in developments. Redue water demands through use of water-effiient fittings and applianes in relation to the benhmark value. The benhmark values are 260 litres per person per day for residential use and 80 litres per person per day for ommerial use. Points available for residential development Water onservation Points Redue onsumption to 75% of benhmark (redue to 195l/p/d) 4 Redue onsumption to 50% of benhmark (redue to 130l/p/d) 8 C2 Treatment and reuse of waste water Treating sewerage on-site both redues the load a development plaes on the ity s sewerage infrastruture and, through storage and reuse of the treated water within the site, redues demand on the publi water supply. Demonstrate that the design provides on-site sewerage treatment and reuse for a substantial proportion of sewerage generation. Demonstration referene projets Kogarah Town Centre, 60L Green Building, Carlton. Points available for ommerial development Water onservation Points Redue onsumption to 75% of benhmark (redue to 60l/p/d) 2 Redue onsumption to 50% of benhmark (redue to 40l/p/d) 4 Guidane Around Australia, the AAA water effiient rating sheme is used to identify applianes that are water effiient. The more A s an appliane has, the greater the water effiieny. The sheme applies to showerheads, dishwashers, washing mahines, taps and other items. City West Water brohure. Sydney Water website, Every Drop Counts Demonstration referene projets Newington, Olympi Village; The Hudson; Kogarah Town Centre; 60L Green Building, Carlton. C

27 25 D Transport D1 Cylist failities To enourage the maximum use of biyles by the Doklands ommunity by providing seure biyle storage and hanging failities. Residential riteria Provide seure biyle storage failities for the use of apartment owners, tenants and visitors. Points are awarded based on number of biyle storage failities provided per 100m 2 of floor spae. Cylist failities Points Resident/owner storage failities 1 spae per 100m 2 2 Resident/owner storage failities 1.5 spaes per 100m 2 3 Visitor failities 0.25 spaes per 100m 2 1 Commerial riteria Provide seure biyle storage and loal hanging failities for the use of building tenants. Points are awarded based on number of biyle storage failities provided per 1000m 2 of net lettable area. Cylist failities Points 5.0 spaes per 1000m spaes per 1000m 2 4 Guidane Melbourne Doklands Biyle Strategy (2000). Demonstration referene projets 60L Green Building, Carlton; Kogarah Town Centre; Newington Olympi Village. D2 Aess to alternative transport To enourage the use of alternative transport in order to redue pollution and land development impats aused by ar use. Two points will be awarded for eah of the following, but no more than four points may be laimed for aess to alternative transport in total. Aess to alternative transport Points Development is loated within 800m of a railway station 2 Development is loated within 800m of a tram stop 2 Development is loated within 500m of a bus stop 2 Development is loated within 800m of a ferry terminal 2 Demonstration referene projets 60L Green Building, Carlton; Kogarah Town Centre. D

28 26 E Energy E1 Minimum energy ratings (NatHERS and AGBR) To ensure that developments in Melbourne Doklands are within the top one-third of energy effiieny when ompared to buildings of a similar type. The requirement will redue the energy and greenhouse gas emissions attributable to the operational life yle of buildings. Residential riteria (mandatory for buildings of three storeys or more): Demonstrate the building ahieves an average of no less than 4 stars, using the assessment methodology of the National House Energy Rating Sheme (NatHERS) or equivalent. The average for the building is to be based on ratings for eah apartment type and averaged over the total number of apartments (eg two apartments at 5 stars and two apartments at 3 stars will produe a building average star rating of 4 stars). Minimum energy ratings Points 5.0 star (NatHERS) 4 This Performane Indiator will be amended to aord with the hanges in legislation when they ome into effet. Commerial riteria (mandatory) Demonstrate the building ahieves no less that 3.5 stars, using the assessment methodology of the Australian Building Greenhouse Rating Sheme (AGBR). Minimum energy ratings Points 3.5 star (AGBR) 4 Guidane Refer to Sustainability Vitoria for both aess to the rating tool and guidane for use. CSIRO information page on the NatHERS software. Australian Building Greenhouse Rating website. Sustainability Vitoria website. Department of Energy, Utilities and Sustainability (DEUS) website. Demonstration referene projets 60L Green Building, Carlton (ommerial); Kogarah Town Centre (residential); See also SEAV Guidelines/Best Pratie Guide. E2 Car park CO monitoring mandatory requirement To ensure that enlosed, mehanially ventilated ar parking failities within the development minimise eletrial fan power onsumption whilst ensuring adequate amenity for residents, workers and visitors. Provide any ar park mehanial ventilation systems with CO (Carbon Monoxide) monitoring and variable speed fans. Guidane Refer AS Car park ventilation. Demonstration referene projet Fox Studios Car Park. E

29 27 E3 Low energy building design To enourage developments in Melbourne Doklands to ahieve best pratie energy effiieny when ompared to buildings of a similar type. The requirement will redue the energy and greenhouse gas emissions attributable to the building and its life yle. Residential riteria Redue energy demands of the building envelope below that required by the presribed maximum using the assessment methodology of the NatHERS System or equivalent. The following points are to be awarded for an average redution over all apartments. In July 2004 new building standards were announed as a part of the Vitorian Government s Greenhouse Strategy requiring all new homes in Vitoria to ahieve a 5 Star energy performane. A part of the new standards is the requirement for all Class 2 buildings to ahieve an average 5 Star rating as assessed using the First Rate or NatHERS energy rating tools. While an average 5 Star rating is required for the whole building, eah sole-oupany unit/dwelling is to ahieve a rating of at least 3 stars. There is no requirement to install a rainwater tank or solar water heater system in a Class 2 building. Please refer to the Sustainability Vitoria website at for information regarding the regulations. Average rating Points 5.0 star + 10% 3 Commerial riteria Redue CO 2 emissions below that required by the presribed maximum using the assessment methodology of the AGBR System. The following points are to be awarded aording to the rating ahieved. Rating Points 4.0 star star star star + 20% 8 Guidane Refer to Sustainability Vitoria for both aess to the rating tool and guidane for use. CSIRO information page on the NatHERS software. Australian Building Greenhouse Rating website. Sustainability Vitoria website. Department of Energy, Utilities and Sustainability (DEUS) website. Demonstration referene projets: SEAV Guidelines/Best Pratie Guide; 60L Green Building, Carlton; Kogarah Town Centre; Newington Olympi Village. 5.0 star + 20% 6 Sustainability Vitoria plans to extend the rating sale beyond its urrent eiling of 5 stars at the time the new Vitorian standard omes into effet. E

30 28 E4 Renewable energy eletriity To redue reliane on supply infrastruture and resultant greenhouse gas emissions assoiated with eletriity generation by generating a proportion of renewable energy on site. Renewable energy ontribution will be assessed by virtue of predited and/or atual proportion of annual CO 2 emissions assoiated with energy demand offset from the renewable energy ontribution. The following points are to be awarded against the level of redution. Residential riteria % Annual CO 2 redution Points 2.5% 1 5% 2 Guidane Refer to Sustainability Vitoria for guidane in renewable energy systems. General renewable energy information and news. Australian Greenhouse offie resoure website on grid onnet photovoltai systems. Sustainability Vitoria website. Demonstration referene projets Manley Hydraulis Laboratory; Newington Olympi Village; Kogarah Town Centre. - 10% 3 20% 4 For example, if a residential building s energy demand was 1000kWh/year, and 100kWh/year was produed from renewable energy soures, then there would be a 10% annual CO 2 redution and 3 points ould be laimed. Commerial riteria % Annual CO 2 redution Points 0.5% 1 1% 2 2.5% 3 5% 6 For example, if a ommerial building s energy demand was 5,000kWh/year, and 100kWh/year was produed from renewable energy soures, then there would be a 2% annual CO 2 redution and 2 points ould be laimed. E

31 29 E5 Renewable energy hot water To redue reliane on supply infrastruture in meeting hot water demands by using solar or waste heat olletion. Solar hot water ontribution will be assessed by virtue of predited and/or atual proportion of annual hot water demands met by solar olletion. The same assessment riteria are used for waste heat usage. The following points are to be awarded against the level of ontribution. Residential riteria % Solar ontribution and/or waste heat usage Points 10% 1 30% 2 50% 4 90%+ 6 Commerial riteria % Solar ontribution and/or waste heat usage Points 50% 2 75% 4 90%+ 6 E6 Natural ventilation of apartments (residential) To redue reliane on mehanial ventilation and ooling in apartments and to improve amenity for oupants. Provide dual aspet apartment design so that effetive natural ventilation an be ahieved to all living areas. Points are assessed on the perentage of units that are provided with dual aspets and effetive natural ventilation. % Of dual aspet units Points 50% 2 70% 4 80% 5 90%+ 6 Guidane Refer to The Design Dividend, published by the Property Counil of Australia. Demonstration referene projets Moore Park Gardens; The Hudson; Kogarah Town Centre. Guidane Refer to Sustainability Vitoria for guidane in solar olletion systems. Australian Greenhouse Offie Demonstration website for solar hot water. Sustainability Vitoria website. Department of Energy, Utilities and Sustainability (DEUS) website. Demonstration projets Homebush Novotel/IBIS Hotel; 60L Green Building, Carlton; Kogarah Town Centre; Newington Olympi Village. E

32 30 E7 Lighting power density To redue the installation of high-energy usage light fittings. This has the added benefit of reduing air onditioning and spae ooling requirements. Residential riteria Redue the power density of lighting installation without detriment to quality. This an be done as follows and a maximum of four points may be laimed. Lighting Points 90% of lights speified for residential apartments to be ompat fluoresent lamps 4 90% of downlights speified to be 35-watt low-voltage downlights instead of dihroi 50W lights 2 90% of downlights to use eletroni transformers rather than magneti transformers 2 Commerial riteria Redue the power density of lighting installation without detriment to quality. Lighting power density is alulated on an area-weighted average over net lettable area. Example General Offie = 400 lux at 11 w/m2 over 10,000m 2 Meeting Rooms = 360 lux at 15 w/m2 over 500m 2 Therefore: General Offie = 2.75 w/m2/100 lux over 10,000m 2 Meeting Rooms = 4.15 w/m2/100 lux over 500m 2 Average = 2.8 w/m2/100 lux = 1 point Lighting power density (w/m 2 /100 lux) Points Guidane Refer to Tenant Energy Management Handbook (page 68) for further guidane. Refer to Sustainability Vitoria for both aess to the rating tool and guidane for use. Download latest version of gbrs software. Sustainability Vitoria website. Department of Energy, Utilities and Sustainability (DEUS) website. Demonstration referene projets Toyota Headquarters, Sydney; 60L Green Building, Carlton. E8 Natural ventilation of ar parks To redue reliane on mehanial fan power in maintaining tenable onditions in underover arparks. Design underover ar parking to be naturally ventilated in aordane with the provisions of the Building Code of Australia (BCA). Rating Points Passive supply/mehanial exhaust 2 Natural ventilation to 90%+ of footprint 4 No Car Park 4 Guidane Refer to the Building Code of Australia for provisions and relevant Australian Standards. Demonstration referene projets Altair, Kings Cross, Sydney; most above ground ar parks are naturally ventilated. E

33 31 E9 Low energy applianes (residential) To enourage developments in Melbourne Doklands, to ahieve best pratie energy effiieny in the supply of applianes in residential development. Supply applianes with star rating within one or two stars of the best available loally at the time of order. Best star rating will be determined from the AGO maintained database at Applianes of a similar apaity will be used to determine best available and the top star rating, if only one appliane is available with the highest star rating, this appliane will be disarded from onsideration of points. Rating Points Within 2 stars of best available 2 Within 1 star of best available 4 Guidane Refer to the Australian Greenhouse Offie for details of rating methodology and tehnial improvement timetables. Australian appliane energy rating information and produt availability database. Demonstration referene projet Kogarah Town Centre. E

34 32 F Building materials F1 PVC minimisation To enourage the substitution and phasing out of PVC use in building onstrution. The use of the additives in PVC manufature (lead, admium and phthalates or plastiisers) and the problems of dealing with PVC waste are ause for environmental onern. Redue PVC use Design and speify alternatives to PVC for drainage, ables and/or finishes where there is a pratial and sustainable alternative produt. Ahievement assessed on substitution of PVC produts by quantity. Rating Points PVC usage redued by 25% 2 PVC usage redued by 50%+ 4 Reyling of PVC onstrution waste In lieu of or in addition to the above riteria, further points are available for reyling PVC onstrution waste during the onstrution phase of projets. Rating Points Demonstrate a ommitment to reyle no less than 90% of PVC onstrution waste 2 Guidane Refer to the Building Code of Australia for provisions and relevant Australian Standards. Demonstration referene projets Nurses Faulty, University of Newastle; 60L Green Building, Carlton; Life Sienes Building, University of Newastle. F2 Plantation timber To disourage the use of rainforest and old growth timbers and enourage sustainable plantations and reuse of timber. Use timbers that are supplied from sustainable plantation soures or reused. Perentage of sustainable timber is to be determined as a perentage of total timber by volume. Rating Points 50% of timber used is from sustainable plantations or reyled 2 100% of timber used is from sustainable plantations or reyled 4 Guidane Timber in Context A Guide to Sustainable Use by Anne Marie Willis and Cameron Tonkin. ISBN pp. Australian timber speifying guidelines. Demonstration referene projets Nursing Faulty, University of Newastle; 60L Green Building, Carlton; Life Sienes Building, University of Newastle. F3 Embodied energy To redue the environmental impat aused by the energy invested into the prourement, manufature and transportation of building materials prior to onstrution. Demonstrate evaluation methodology and resulting seletion of produts that minimise embodied energy when ompared to eah developer s standard or typial pratie. Rating Points Embodied energy redued by 25% 2 Embodied energy redued by 50%+ 4 Guidane Refer to the Building Code of Australia for provisions and relevant Australian Standards. A produt data guide developed by RMIT for souring environmentally preferable materials. Demonstration referene projets Nurses Faulty, University of Newastle; 60L Green Building, Carlton; Life Sienes Building, University of Newastle. F

35 33 G Indoor Environmental Quality G1 Indoor air quality To improve the health of building users by providing improvements to the quality of air inside buildings. Residential riteria Points are awarded for improvements in ventilation effiieny of air distribution systems, providing living areas with operable windows and eliminating air onditioning from apartments altogether. IAQ initiative Points Inorporation of outside air supply to air onditioning or natural ventilation in lieu of air onditioning 2 All living areas provided with façade exposure and operable windows 2 No air onditioning to >85% of apartments 2 Commerial riteria Points are awarded for improvements in ventilation effiieny of air distribution systems, inorporation of CO 2 monitoring of return air systems and inreases in minimum outside air supply volumes above the minimum required in the Australian Standard. Reognition is also awarded to offies whih provide operable windows for 90% of the offie spaes. IAQ initiative Points Ventilation effiieny > Inorporation of CO 2 monitoring 2 Minimum outside air inreased by 50% 2 Operable windows for 90% of floor area 2 Guidane Refer to The Design Dividend, published by the Property Counil of Australia. US EPA guidane projet for Indoor Air Quality in large buildings. Demonstration referene projets Moore Park Gardens; The Hudson; Kogarah Town Centre. G2 Natural lighting (residential) To improve the health of building and omfort of building residents by providing natural light to interiors. Residential riteria Provide an average daylight fator of 2.5% aross a proportion of the living areas in residential buildings. Natural light initiative Points More than 60% of living spaes 3 More than 90% of living spaes 6 Commerial riteria Provide an average daylight fator of 2.5% aross a proportion of the general working spae within a ommerial building. Areas whih are not used for general tasks, ie resoure rooms and stores are exluded from the area alulation. Natural light initiative Points More than 30% of floor spae 2 More than 60% of floor spae 4 More than 90% of floor spae 6 Guidane The daylight fator haraterises the amount of daylight available in a spae under the speifi sky onditions. It is alulated under overast sky onditions. It is defined as the perentage of the luminane from the sky outdoors available at a point in a room. The luminane is speified as the horizontal luminane. If the horizontal luminane outdoors is 7000 lux, then a 2.5% daylight fator will give 175 lux at the point onerned. The full findings of a omprehensive German study into the impats of offie lighting and natural light and the impat of health an be found here. Demonstration referene projets Moore Park Gardens; The Hudson; Kogarah Town Centre. G

36 34 G3 Low emission paints (residential) To enourage the use of paints with less polluting elements to building interiors. Interior paints that do not off gas are ommerially available within Australia and meet the relevant odes and standards. As developers generally have limited or no ontrol over the fit-out of ommerial buildings this lause only applies to residential buildings. Paints applied to internal walls are to be low emission types. Low off gassing paints are onsidered to be zero-voc interior paints (no volatile organi ompounds (VOCs) added in the manufaturing proess). Guidane The Australian Environmental Labelling Assoiation (AELA). An independent labelling standard for environmental produts inluding low-voc paint. Demonstration referene projets Newington Olympi Village; 60L Green Building, Carlton. G4 High frequeny eletroni ballasts mandatory requirement (ommerial) To enourage the use of high frequeny eletroni ballast for fluoresent lighting within offie buildings. Older style eletromagneti ballasts ause pereptible light fliker levels that an ause headahes and nausea. Additionally, vibration of the eletromagneti field in these ballasts auses the audible humming noise heard from fluoresent lamps. Eletroni ballasts operate at a far higher frequeny and produe virtually no detetable fliker and no audible noise. Demonstrate the speifiation and use of eletroni ballasts in all workplae areas in lieu of iron ore ballasts. G5 Thermal omfort To provide omfortable living spaes within the buildings. Additionally, this lause reognises that good environmental ontrol of omfort must onsider issues that may not normally be attended to in building design. Air onditioning and building systems are to be designed so that PMV levels are between -1 and +1 for 98% of the year when the building is oupied. Guidane PMV is the measurement adopted by the International Standards Organisation (ISO). Details for alulation are provided in ISO 7730 Moderate thermal environments Determination of the PMV and PPD indies and speifiation of the onditions for thermal omfort. International Standards Organisation website for online ordering of ISO G6 Views (ommerial) To provide a diret onnetion between the internal work environment and outside. Long distane vision is important for healthy eyes, partiularly where VDU (visual display unit) tasks are undertaken. This is ontrary to the notion that VDU environments should be proteted from natural light. 90% of all workspaes to be within 8m and diret line of sight of a perimeter window. Guidane International Standards Organisation website for online ordering of ISO Guidane US EPA guidane projet for Indoor Air Quality in large buildings. Demonstration referene projets Moore Park Gardens; The Hudson; Kogarah Town Centre. G

37 35 H Waste H1 Reyling failities mandatory requirement Reyling of solid waste in the future operations of buildings will redue additions to landfill and, through subsequent reuse of the reyled produts, redue the depletion of non-renewable resoure. Although this is an ongoing management issue, medium and high-density developments require physial infrastruture to provide entral separated waste storage and ease of olletion. Separated waste failities shall be indiated on all plans. Furthermore, it should be demonstrated that the failities are easily aessible by building users and removal vehiles, and of suffiient apaity to servie the building. Guidane EoReyle Vitoria website. H

38 36 I Innovation I 1 Innovative ESD tehnology ViUrban wishes Doklands to be the foremost example of ommerially attrative sustainable development, and enourages innovation to meet this aim. It is also expeted that development of designs for the buildings and preints at Doklands will inorporate other best pratie ESD initiatives that are not presently reognised in these ESD Performane Indiators. This indiator will reward ESD solutions that are innovative and pratial. Items nominated as innovative ESD tehnology shall be demonstrated to meet one of the following riteria: the design ontains original and innovative tehnology the design utilises existing tehnology in a novel way To satisfy the riteria, intelletual property must be owned by the persons laiming redit for the innovation, as well as demonstrating benefit to the environment. A maximum of 3 points is available for this item, and will be awarded in full or in part at the disretion of ViUrban from assessment of the submitted design statement. If elements ontained in the reporting for this item are deemed to offer ommerial advantage, ViUrban will respet nondislosure of the design for a period of 12 months. I 2 ESD/energy design professional Ahieving ommerially viable ESD requires identifiation and design resolution of those initiatives whih provide best environmental benefit for least investment. Often, this requires onsideration of omplex interations that span traditional design team disiplines. Demonstrate the use of an ESD/energy speialist in the design proess, inluding opies of their reports and reommendations. Guidane RAIA BDP Environmental Design Guide DES 36. I 3 Community partiipation/distrit systems For many systems, suh as water treatment and energy generation, the best solutions might be those that serve multiple buildings, sites, or even preints. The riteria will reognise an individual building s ontribution to the viability of a site-wide or off-site initiative. Demonstrate that an off-site faility or on-site faility that servies other buildings ontributes a substantial amount of the demand for energy or waste system it ontributes to. A maximum of 4 points is available for this item and will be awarded in full or in part at the disretion of ViUrban from the assessment of the submitted design statement. If elements ontained in the reporting for this item are deemed to offer ommerial advantage, ViUrban will respet non-dislosure of the design for a period of 12 months. Demonstration referene projets Homebush Bay Stormwater reuse program; Pyramid Salt, Shepparton, Vitoria. I 4 Partnering finane energy performane The adoption of ESD in a manner that is ommerially viable is often assisted by innovative methods of finaning, partnering with solution providers, or performane ontrats. Demonstrate partnering in finaning, energy performane ontrats or similar for projet elements that are a minimum 0.25% of the projet onstrution budget. A maximum of 2 points is available for this item and will be awarded in full or in part at the disretion of ViUrban from the assessment of the submitted design statement. If elements ontained in the reporting for this item are deemed to offer ommerial advantage, ViUrban will respet non-dislosure of the design for a period of 12 months. I

39 Case studies and further information Case studies and further information 4

40 38 Newington Newington (2000 Olympi Games Athlete s) Village, New South Wales The Newington projet, developed by Mirva Lend Lease Village Consortium ahieved stringent environmental benhmarks as part of the Green Games agenda, and a high level of ESD. Initiatives inlude: 1 Extensive native planting for gardens and landsaping All plant speies were seleted for non-allergeni qualities and suitability to loal limate and weather patterns. By 2003 (3 years) no irrigation will be required for the gardens or road reserves. 2 Water relamation and management system Stormwater and treated waste water are reused for parkland irrigation and toilet flushing, signifiantly reduing potable water demand. 3 Lightspill into nearby woodlands avoided Street lighting is designed to ontain lightspill to streets and footpaths. 5 Transport Minimised impats of transport through avoidane of through-traffi, improved bus onnetions, and dediated biyle and pedestrian paths. 6 Use of plantation timbers and redued PVC use To redue environmental impats of building materials used. 7 Waste minimisation During onstrution redutions of 90% hard waste and 60% soft waste to landfill was ahieved, primarily through on-site sorting. More information upload/greenbuildinglegay.pdf Green Games Wath website 4 Rooftop, solar power energy for houses and passive solar design Photovoltai panels and solar hot water has redued overall energy onsumption by 50% when ompared with standard projet homes 1. Orientation priniples were applied at the masterplanning stage to inorporate passive solar design. 1 Soure: Green Games Wath 2000 Photographs, Mirva Lend Lease Village Consortium

41 39 60L Green Building 60L Green Building, ommerial offie, Vitoria This building is a leading example of ommerially viable green offie building in Australia. It has ahieved a high level of environmental sustainability within a standard ommerial budget. Features inlude: 1 Water effiieny and redued water demand Rainwater is olleted for potable use. On-site treatment of grey water and sewerage is reyled for toilet flushing, irrigation of landsape and roof garden. Combined with water-effiient fittings these measures are expeted to ahieve a 90% redution in mains water onsumption and redued water and sewerage infrastruture requirements. 2 Energy effiieny and greenhouse gas redution Hybrid passive ative ventilation, heating and ooling strategy ombined with energy effiient design tehnology and energy demand management systems is expeted to redue energy demand by more than 60%. The building is designed to redue artifiial lighting by 80%. Use of renewable eletriity soures redues annual arbon dioxide emissions. 3 Materials effiieny Re-use of existing site materials was optimised and preferene given to materials from reyled and renewable soures inluding timber, onrete aggregates, reinforing steel and briks. Environmental assessments were onduted on new materials and produts, and hazardous and toxi hemials avoided where possible. Use of PVC has been signifiantly redued in eletrial systems and eliminated in hydrauli systems. 4 Minimisation of transportation impats The 60L Building has good publi transport links. There is no ar park in the building design. A signifiant biyle storage faility, inluding showers, enourages alternative transport. 5 Improved Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) High levels of natural lighting, natural ventilation, operable windows and glare-free daylighting improve thermal omfort. Minimisation of materials emitting volatile organi hemials. 6 Improved Environmental Management All tenants will be required, through a green lease, to omply with the 60L Building s omprehensive environmental management plan. On-line display of the building s environmental performane data will be available to tenants and building visitors. More information Offiial 60L website The Green Building Partnership, Alistair Mailer. Australian Conservation Foundation, Natural Advantage

42 40 Moore Park Gardens Moore Park Gardens, Redfern, New South Wales This development won a number of awards inluding the 1999 RAIA National President s Award, and the 1998 Urban Redevelopment Award (Urban Design Institute of Australia) and was a finalist in the Belle Apartment of the Year Award. It is an exellent example of how passive design an not only save on energy osts and improve indoor air quality, but also inrease property value. 1 Dual aspet, split-level apartments The prinipal feature of the apartments is the layout. Most have been designed as dual aspet, with operable windows at opposing ends. This provides almost all the apartments with a high degree of natural ventilation, reduing the need for air onditioning and greatly improving indoor air quality. The split level aspet inreases the effetive eiling height, enhaning amenity and further improving the effetiveness of the natural ventilation. 2 Building orientation Most of the buildings inlude long northern and southern façades with short east and west façades. This improves the thermal performane of the building, as summer sun an be shaded from the façade but winter sun an be let in (due to its lower angle). Orienting the building in this way makes it easier to maintain good thermal onditions indoors. 3 Air onditioning The standard onfiguration has no air onditioning, but onduits were installed to failitate a retro-fit if desired by owners. The suess of the apartments is demonstrated by the fat that very few apartments have retrofitted air onditioning in the five years sine oupation. 4 Property values A Finanial Review artile reports property values for the Moore Park apartments to have signifiantly risen ( buyers have voted with their wallets ) with the amenity redited for the inreases. More information Go to Moore Park apartments in the arhiteture residential setion of their seleted works.

43 41 Kogarah Town Square Kogarah Town Square, New South Wales Kogarah Town Square is a joint venture by Kogarah Counil, Sydney Water, Institute for Sustainable Futures, and High Trade Pty Ltd. The development has used government sustainable development grants to maximise ESD onepts in its design. Features inlude: 1 Capture and reuse of water falling on the site It is designed to apture 85% of rainwater falling on the site. The majority will be used to flush toilets, supply a ar wash and for landsape irrigation, reduing potable water demands in the building by 42%. 2 Use of solar panels on roof surfaes Solar panels are expeted to redue energy demands by 60% ompared with a typial development of the same sale. 3 Passive heating, ooling and ventilation systems These systems are expeted to eliminate the need for air onditioning in the building. 4 Use of energy effiient applianes All the applianes and fittings for the base building are designed to be energy-effiient, further reduing energy demands. More information Offiial brohure of Kogarah Town Square

44 42 Building A University Square Projet: Building A, University of Melbourne, Vitoria Designed by Metier3 Arhitets, Building A at Melbourne University is a ommerial building with offies, publi aommodation and eduational failities. The brief required a sensitive approah to the existing eduational environment and provision of high quality offies and publi aommodation, integrated with state-of-the-art eduational failities. This nine level building was winner of the Sustainable Arhitetural ategory in the 2002 RAIA Vitorian Arhitetural Awards. It onsists of ground and first floor leture and teahing failities, six levels of offie aommodation with plant level loated above and a single basement level inorporating servies and aess to the adjoining underground ar park. A major objetive of the design of the building was to investigate and inorporate key elements of Environmentally Sustainable Design within a limited budget. 1 Rainwater olletion and water onservation Rainwater is olleted from the roof of the building and used to flush all toilets. An estimated total of 700,000 litres of rainwater will be olleted and used this way eah year. The use of dual flush toilets and sensors for urinals helped further minimise water use. 2 Renewable energy Photovoltai panels are inorporated into the top two levels of the raking northern façade. The panels produe approximately 40,000 kilowatt hours and saving an estimated 36 tonnes of CO 2 per annum. 3 Lighting power density T5 fluoresent lamps with ontinuously dimmable eletroni ballasts are used throughout the building. Perimeter zones are linked to photoells to respond to natural daylight levels and movement and oupany sensors are installed in all teahing spaes. In this way energy onsumption and osts are signifiantly redued, natural daylight is maximised, and the quality of light improved. 4 Orientation and effiient building design The building is oriented along an east-west axis. This helped ontrol solar aess and natural light within the building. The building design was also highly effiient, inorporating low emissivity double glazing, appropriate levels of insulation and good use of thermal mass. This helped redue energy osts assoiated with heating and ooling and an estimated 33% saving in energy onsumption has been ahieved. More information Go to Building A in the institutional setion of their projets list. Photographer, Tim Griffith

45 43 Siemens National Headquarters Siemens Ltd, National Headquarters, Vitoria Siemens National Headquarters building, loated on Mountain Highway in Bayswater, Vitoria was designed to meet Property Counil Energy Guidelines as a minimum riterion. The building is urrently being monitored for building performane and effiieny, using the extensive monitoring apability of the Building Management System, to benhmark existing performane and validate omputer modelling of the building. The building won the Business Improvement Award from the Australian Quality Counil in November A signifiant arhitetural element of this ommerial building is its high ratio of glazing to wall area, ranging from 57% for the afeteria to 90% for the offie buildings. 1 Energy effiient design The building is oriented on an east-west axis, allowing it to optimise solar ontrol through large north and south façades. Low E glazing and appropriate insulation help inrease the effiieny of the heating and ooling systems. 2 Alternative transport A large number of biyle storage and hanging failities were provided to enourage those who wished to ommute to work on biyle. 3 Embodied energy Life-yle osts of materials used in the building onstrution were arefully onsidered during the design proess. All materials were evaluated on the basis of life yle ost benefit and maintenane osts. 4 Native planting and landsaping Extensive areas of native grasses are used for water and erosion ontrol. Over 50% of the plants used on-site are native to the loal area. This helps redue irrigation osts and water use. 5 Natural light The building has been designed to optimise natural light into all offie spaes. This has helped redue lighting loads and improve the quality of the indoor environment. More information Arhitets, Woods Bagot Pty Ltd Engineers, Meinhardt (Vi) Pty Ltd

46 44 Geosiene Australia Geosiene Australia Geosiene Australia s building in Canberra omprises offies, laboratories and warehouse failities. It was ompleted in 1998 and is listed as a ase study under Sustainability Vitoria s website for ommerial leading edge energy effiient design. It uses an innovative geothermal heat pump air onditioning system, extensive daylighting, insulation and effiient lighting to minimise energy use. It is an award winning building and is a suessful demonstration of eologially sustainable development priniples. Sustainability Vitoria notes that it is one of the most energy effiient buildings of its type in Australia. The building provides an exellent working environment and also ahieves the Commonwealth s poliy of improving energy effiieny in Commonwealth operations. 1 Geothermal heat rejetion The design inorporates a geothermal heat pump system, whih pumps water through a system of pipes down into the onstant temperature of the ground to rejet heat assoiated with ooling and to draw heat for heating the building throughout the year. 2 Energy effiient building design The building design inorporates double-glazing on all windows and skylights (with thermal breaks used in the glazing system) and a high level of bulk insulation in the walls and roofs. Conrete floors, walls and olumns at as a thermal mass for retaining warmth in winter and oolness in summer. These design features work well in the Canberra limate and improve the effiieny of the air onditioning system. 3 Lighting power density A number of lighting features were used in the building inluding: high quality effiient glare-free fittings with good olour rendering; daylight sensors on external lighting; internal lighting adjusted for daylight levels; and movement detetors. These features ensure exellent working onditions in the building whilst reduing the lighting power density. 4 Views and natural light Views and natural light are maximised on eah façade through the use of reative design. Horizontal louvres reflet diffuse light from the north into offie spaes whilst utting out glare. On the eastern and western façades, glare from the low sun is restrited through the use of perforated metal sreens and internal blinds. 5 Daylighting Light shelves on the north façade and south-faing sawtooth roofs and urved roof-lights assists in direting ample diffuse light into the interior and atria spaes. More information Sustainability Vitoria website. Geosiene Australia Sustainability Vitoria Building Design Case Studies website Photographer, Jeremy Simons Photographer, Ben Wrigley

47 45 University of Newastle Nursing Faulty, University of Newastle, New South Wales This projet won the 1998 NSW RAIA inaugural Eologially Sustainable Design (ESD) Award and the 1998 National Master Builders Assoiation (MBA) Energy Effiieny Award. It was the first building of this sale in Australia to be modelled with internationally reognised software to optimise ESD features. Features inlude: 1 Capture and reuse of rainwater on site Water tanks ollet roof water for flushing toilets and other stormwater runoff olleted is used for irrigation, reduing fresh water onsumption signifiantly. 2 Hot water generation Hot water for amenities is heated via a heat pump. 3 Passive design to redue energy needs High natural lighting levels (inluding refleted light) redues the lighting osts. Internal thermal mass with light external ladding along with natural ventilation eliminate the need for air onditioning in ertain parts of the building, reduing operation osts. 4 Geothermal heat rejetion for air onditioning system The geothermal system works for heat rejetion in summer and heat olletion in winter. There is no need for a ooling tower whih has helped redue ongoing maintenane osts. 5 Materials seletion to minimise environmental impats Non-toxi materials and finishes improved indoor air quality in the building. Reyled timber and wool arpet and insulation were speified, minimising the impat of the materials on the environment. The building was designed with the potential to be deonstruted at a later date, so that the materials used for its onstrution ould be reyled. PVC use was minimised. More information RAIA website Life Sienes Building, University of Newastle, New South Wales This winner of the Sir John Sulman Award (RAIA), was designed with environmental sustainability in mind. Apart from a number of design initiatives reating a very energy effiient building, it provides a good example of how to reate a omfortable offie environment on an extensive western façade without the need for air onditioning. 1 Western façade Due to the site onstraints, the building was predominantly west-faing. This posed signifiant problems as exposure to the western sun is diffiult to ontrol and an result in a large amount of heat gain. The shading system on the west façade is an exellent example of how to minimise heat gain and glare from the west, while still providing views and natural light. 2 Materials seletion Attention was given to using as many reyled and renewable materials as possible. All of the timber used for the building was either reyled or soured from plantation forests. 3 Natural ventilation Apart from the laboratories, the entire building is naturally ventilated and does not inlude any air onditioning. Sun shading and an internal atrium maximises the effetiveness of this natural ventilation. 4 Natural lighting The design optimised natural light and views in all staff offie spaes, minimising the need for artifiial light, and further reduing energy osts. 5 Native vegetation Landsaping around the site is all native vegetation, minimising the need to water, reduing water onsumption. More information (see eduational buildings) RAIA Website

48 46 Summary of ase studies The following table provides a quik referene to speifi sustainability features used. It does not indiate the suess, or otherwise, of the projet. ESD Performane Indiator demonstrated Case study assessed: Newington (Olympi Athletes) Village A1 Native planting A2 Light spill A3 Stormwater retention and use A4 Brownfield site redevelopment B1 Zero CFCs B2 No HCFCs B3 Harbour (or ground) heat dispersion C1 Water onservation C2 Treatment and reuse of waste water 60 L Green Building, Carlton Moore Park Gardens, Redfern Kogarah Town Square University Square Projet: Building A, University of Melbourne Siemens Ltd, National Headquarters Geosiene Australia Nurse s Faulty, University of Newastle Life Sienes Building, University of Newastle D1 Cylist failities D2 Proximity to alternative transport E1 Minimum energy ratings (NatHERS 5.0 AGBR 3.5 star or equivalent) E2 Car park CO monitoring E3 Low energy building design E4 Renewable energy - eletriity E5 Renewable energy - hot water E6 Natural ventilation in apartments E7 Lighting power density E8 Natural ventilation of ar parks E9 Low energy applianes F1 PVC minimisation F2 Plantation timber F3 Embodied energy G1 Indoor air quality G2 Natural lighting G3 Low emission paints G4 High frequeny ballasts G5 Thermal omfort G6 Views H1 Reyling failities I1 Innovative ESD tehnology I2 ESD/energy design professional I3 Community partiipation/distrit systems I4 Partnering-finaning-energy performane

49 47 Organisations to ontat and websites Alternative Tehnology Assoiation (ATA) The Assoiation promotes the use of environmentally friendly tehnology and runs information workshops. Australian Counil of Building Design Professions The Australian Counil of Building Design Professions (BDP) is the peak body of professional assoiations united to ahieve better praties, poliies, legislation and regulation for the design of the built environment. The BDP Environment Design Guide aims to provide building design professionals with aurate, aessible, professional literature on how to redue the environmental impat of the built environment. Environment Design Guide. Building Commission (Vitoria) The Commission provides and promotes information on national energy effiieny standards, sustainability, life-yle analysis, prudent resoure use, environmental impat mitigation and industry partnering programs. City of Melbourne The City of Melbourne has ommitted to the Cities for Climate Protetion Program, Sustainable Energy and Greenhouse Strategy and Greenhouse Challenge in The MCC also implemented a Commerial Building Partnership Program for energy effiieny, helped establish a CBD food waste olletion and reyling servie and a dual fuel waste olletion servie in Melbourne. Department of Industry, Tourism and Resoures (ITR) (Vitoria) The ITR s Energy Effiient Best Pratie (EEBP) program provides information on energy management best pratie. Information inludes, energy effiieny rating tools to drive ontinuous improvement and innovation. Department of Infrastruture (DOI) (Vitoria) DOI leads poliy diretion for planning and development of integrated infrastruture to enhane sustainable environmental, eonomi and soial development aross Vitoria. The Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE) (Vitoria) The DSE is harged with generating wealth through the sustainable development of Vitoria s natural resoures, while improving quality of the environment and soial well-being. EoReyle Vitoria EoReyle develops partnerships and provides information for environmentally sound hoies in purhasing goods and servies, reovery of unwanted materials for reyling and reuse or energy reovery. Promotes the onept and pratie of ethially, soially and environmentally responsible investing. Green Building Counil of Australia The Green Building Counil of Australia is a national notfor-profit property industry initiative with the objetive of promoting sustainable development. Greening Australia Works with the ommunity to ahieve sustainable land and water resoures and improved vegetation management praties. Property Counil of Australia Sustainable Development Guide: A Roadmap for the Commerial Property Industry. RMIT University Centre for Design onduts an interdisiplinary Sustainable Arhiteture and Building Program of innovative environmental researh and onsultany aimed at working with ompanies and professionals. Sustainability Vitoria University of Sydney Arhiteture Department at the University of Sydney World Counil for Renewable Energy

50 48 Glossary The following onise terms, abbreviations and definitions assist easier understanding of the intent and ontents of this Guide: AGBR Australian Building Greenhouse Rating sheme A national sheme used to rate the energy onsumption and greenhouse ontribution of nonresidential buildings. AILA Australian Institute of Landsape Arhitets AS/NZ :1998 The Australian and New Zealand Standard The use of ventilation and air-onditioning in buildings Fire and smoke ontrol in multi-ompartment buildings. BDP Australian Counil of Building Design Professions BDP has published a multivolume Environment Design Guide ontaining literature on how to redue environmental impat of the built environment. CFCs Chloro-fluoroarbons: CFCs are used as a refrigerant. They are the worst ozone depleting produt and the most signifiant ause of ozone layer depletion. CFCs are being phased out as part of the Montreal Protool. EMP Melbourne Doklands Environmental Management Plan This doument outlines the environmental requirements and responsibilities of developers and ViUrban for the development of Melbourne Doklands. EMS Melbourne Doklands Environmental Management System This doument outlines speifi requirements for planning, implementation, operation, heking and orret ations regarding environmental issues in Doklands. It is based on the ISO 1400 format. ESD Eologially Sustainable Development Development whih does not ompromise the ability of future generations to enjoy similar levels of development. This is done by minimising the effet of development on the environment. Greenhouse gasses Greenhouse gasses ause global warming and hanges in global limate patterns known as the Greenhouse Effet. Under the Kyoto Protool, many developed ountries have ommitted to reduing greenhouse gas emissions. HCFC Hydro-Chloro Fluoroarbons HCFCs were used as the original replaement for CFCs and are still ommonly used. HCFCs, like CFCs, ause ozone layer depletion, but to a lesser extent. HCFCs are being phased-out under the Montreal Protool. IAQ Indoor Air Quality IEQ Indoor Environment Quality This fator desribes the umulative effets of indoor air quality, lighting and thermal onditions. Poor IEQ is responsible for health problems in the work plae. ISO International standards for EMS IS14001 and are international standards onerning Environmental Management Systems, and inlude speifiations and guidelines. ISO 7730 International standard for thermal omfort This standard is based on a determination of the PMV (Predited Mean Vote) and PPD (Predited Perentage Dissatisfied) indies, and speifiation of the onditions for thermal omfort (see below). Kyoto Protool An international agreement to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The protool was adopted in 1997 and has been ratified by 54 ountries, inluding most developed ountries. Montreal Protool This international treaty was first signed in 1987 (now signed by 181 ountries). It sets a time shedule for the redution and eventual elimination of ozone depleting substanes. NatHERS National House Energy Rating Sheme This is a national sheme used to rate the energy onsumption of residential buildings. Ozone layer depletion The Ozone layer protets the Earth from Ultra Violet rays, whih are known to ause aner. Refrigerants suh as CFCs and HCFCs ontribute greatly to ozone layer depletion. PMV Predited Mean Vote This international measure, used for determining thermal omfort, is based on surveys of the most aeptable levels of indoor temperature, humidity and radiant heat for different lothing and ativity levels. PPD Predited Perentage Dissatisfied This measure is linked with PMV. A PMV of 0 indiates a PPD (Predited Perentage Dissatisfied) of 5% and a PMV of +/-1 indiates a PPD of 25%. This means that 25% of Oupants pereive the spae to be either warm or ool. PVC Poly-Vinyl Chloride This ommon building material is mostly used for pipes and eletrial ables. Prodution of PVC requires toxi hemials and heavy metals. These additives risk polluting soil and waterways during PVC disposal. RAIA Royal Australian Institute of Arhitets Renewable Energy Renewable energy is obtained from soures whih an be sustained indefinitely. Examples of renewable energy systems inlude photovoltai solar olletion, solar thermal turbine generation and wind power. RMIT Royal Melbourne Institute of Tehnology SEMP Melbourne Doklands Site Environmental Management Plan This doument guides and sets standards for onstrution and operation of new developments. It inludes strategies and proesses to manage and minimise environmental impats. Sustainability Vitoria This Vitorian Government ageny was established to ontribute to the redution of greenhouse gases and support the use of sustainable energy options. VDU Visual Display Units Computer monitors and other offie equipment whih inlude artifiially illuminated surfaes. VOC Volatile Organi Compounds These hemials are found in paints and other building produts. They are known to ause health problems, inluding asthma and other respiratory ailments.

51 Projet team ViUrban Mark Allan Mark Hayox Jim Webber Rob Polglase Sarah Oliver Bill Chandler Karen Deegan Advaned Environmental Conepts Che Wall Andrew Corney Referene group Prof. Peter Droege Prof. Mihael Buxton Peter Manger General Manager Planning and Urban Design Landsape Arhitet and Urban Designer Planning Advisor Diretor Design Media Consulting Engineer Consultant Planner and Urban Designer Environment Projet Manager Diretor Consulting Engineer University of Sydney RMIT Consulting Engineer Graphi design Christopher Waller Photography and images Ashton Raggatt MDougall Earl Carter Mark Hayox Shannon MGrath Mirva Lend Lease Consortium Rob Polglase and Design Media team Sustainability Vitoria James Widdowson Mihael Wright Printing Meredes Waratah Press Creative Diretor, Diagram Image Rush Wright Assoiates Aknowledgements ViUrban would like to thank everyone who ontributed ontent, time and effort to the development of this ESD Guide. This publiation has been printed on Monza Reyled paper whih ontains 50% reyled ontent, is oxygen bleahed and Elemental Chlorine Free. Water used in the proess is mostly reyled through manufaturing and waste is treated. The inks used in the printing proess ontain 20% soybean oil and aroma-free solvents. For updates to this Guide and online referene material refer to May 2006 VICURBAN Level 12, 700 Collins Street Doklands, Vitoria 3008, Australia Telephone Fasimile [email protected] This doument is up-to-date at the time of printing. Comments or suggestions from interested parties are welome. Copies of this doument are available from ViUrban. Further information about Melbourne Doklands an be seen on the website This doument is part of a suite of douments prepared by ViUrban for developers, and other interested parties, to assist ahievement of eologially sustainable development in Melbourne Doklands. Modifiations and refinements to update the information will be published as detailed planning, design and development as Doklands proeeds. DISCLAIMER The information ontained in this doument is based on material ollated by ViUrban, its employees and onsultants from publily available information. Any interested party (inluding developers, their advisors, prospetive tenants and users) must make its own independent investigations and assessments, and should not rely on the signifiane, adequay or auray of the information. The information does not purport to ontain all the information a party may require. ViUrban its employees and onsultants shall have no liability to any person under the law of ontrat, tort, the priniples of restitution or unjust enrihment or otherwise for any loss, expense or damage whih may arise from or be inurred or suffered as a result of anything ontained in this doument or otherwise arising in any way from the development of Melbourne Doklands.

52