From concept to Commissioning : The Library Scheduling, Programming, Phasing

Transcription

1 From concept to Commissioning : The Library Scheduling, Programming, Phasing Marie-Françoise BISBROUCK LIBER, Bolzano, March 19, 2004 Marie-Francoise.Bisbrouck@paris4.sorbonne.fr

2 The two last seminars organised by the LIBER Architecture Group: Warsaw (2000), Leipzig (2002)

3 Introduction This paper will examine the situation from certain aspects, in particular: The team formed by the Library and its Partners Financing the operation The Program The Choice of the Architect The obligatory Program Phases and the Time required for each The additional sites accompanying the Main Project

4 The Library Partner Team 1. The Head Librarian and his/her team His/Her WILL to have a new building, a building extension or restructuring works This WILL stems from an appreciation: What is wrong in my present Library?

5 The answer is : Lots of things! : Absence or quasi absence of free access collections Lack of reading areas Insufficient differentiation between readingareas and other accommodations Lack of office space Insufficient computer assets Absence of relaxation or social areas for students, etc.

6 The desire to change things and the development of a wish-list : It does not yet constitute a Program for a Future Building, but a First Draft To define the initial space requirements to accommodate the desired changes To provide a discussion base around which to organise the major functions To operate in absolute terms, that is without consideration of external contingencies

7 2. The role of the University President We have to convince him/her If not: nothing is going to happen! The University President is the only Party able to take the to the Political Level = to the Financial Level

8 3. At this stage, the main tasks for the Library Manager are : To develop a detailed building Program To organise discussion with immediate associates as well as with the Library Staff in general on multiple topics To create Working Groups and workshops in several areas: how best to change access to the collections developing information technology user training conservation of collections changes in the internal work organisation of the Library staff opening the Library to the world of work and the economy, the cultural environment, etc.

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10 The Working Groups must function with openness and freedom to purpose and innovate (Not simply slapping the Future on the Present ) Subsequently, they will need to prioritise their wants and needs The necessity to have a fall-back title or designation for certain areas! The Working Groups as prime-mover for change

11 4. Other parts of the Program with other Players The possible need to find land on which to build (local authorities) The search of temporary premises if the present building must be demolished (University, local authorities) Determining financing for the operation by the corresponding political authorities: how much? How soon? Splitting the budget to build in successive phases? etc. Ιncreasing requirements and technicality = evermore specialised contractors in different fields as data processing, buildings construction techniques, safety standards, acoustics, environmental qualities, etc.

12 Multiple Partners required in the design BUT The Library Project Manager has to be clearly identified He/She has to remain the sole point of contact with the Contracting Authority = The political financier of the operation Later on in the process, He/She will delegate part of his/her responsibilities to his/her specialised associates in the more technical fields (dataprocessing, audio-visual, etc) Qualities for a Library Project Manager Not underestimate ourselves (nor the Others )

13 5. Come back to the Program The program is a document that addresses various requirements (operational, behavioural, environmental) Drafted in terms that are comprehensible to the users Directly usable by the designers to give it an architectural form

14 In functional terms, the Program follows a logical process: The defining of objectives Determining activities Organising activities according to functional diagrams Planning traffic routes Expressing requirements associated with each activity Stating the performance levels required of the building and its equipment This part of the Program is directly managed by the Library

15 The Library has also a role to play in terms of the internal environmental of the building: Admissible sound level for various spaces Lighting level for reading areas in particular, including computer lookup Temperature Relative humidity (for book storage, etc.) Equipment footprints Floor loads Power and utilities requirements Protection of property Access control, etc.

16 In environmental terms, the Program describes: The urban and site contexts The role of the future building within the site and its immediate environment Links between activities within the building and those in the surroundings This part is the preserve of the Contracting Authority and the related engineering managements

17 Drafting of such a Program is achieved in Phases, each with an increasing level of detail, corresponding of the phases of the proposed Design: The general Program provides the basis for establishing sketch plans and the Preliminary Design The specific Program serves for producing the Detail Design The definitive Program serves for producing the Final Design (= The Project )

18 Harmonising the Program with the Project conditions the success of each Project Phase. The role of the Library will be constant monitoring, to ensure that the definition of requirements remains at all times in phase with the current Project phase. The difficulty being to stay just abreast of operations

19 6. Come back to the other Partners Programing cannot be restricted to simply the Building Program itself. The Program is subdivided according to the Parties for whom it is intended, into: A building program for the Architects and Engineering design Offices An Equipment Program for the Architects and Designers An Operations Program for organisation and management specialists An Environment Program for Town Planners

20 As these additional players come on board at various points, joining the others, it is difficult for Library staff to determine who is who and handle coordination. At each drawing stage, the Library should ensure that the functional needs of the library are taken into account by the Architect.

21 7. The Design and Programming Process Summary P R O G R A M M I N G Specialised town planners Environment Criteria Users (Readers) Behavioral Criteria Users (Library) Operational Criteria Contracting Authority Cost and building-time Criteria Where? Why? How? How much and When? Environmental requirements Behavioural requirements Operational requirements Architectural and technical recommendations Functional diagrams Cost and delivery time requirements Manufacturing & Maintenance Criteria Manufacturing & Maintenance requirements Performance levels of building and equipments Formalising of interior and outside areas Safety Criteria Safety requirements

22 Specialised town planners Users (Readers) Users (Library) Contracting Authority D E S I G N Spatial organisation Building subsystems Equipment subsystems Formalising of interior and outside areas Implementing safety requirements

23 Specialised town planners Users (Readers) Users (Library) Contracting Authority Commissioning U S E Modifications to operational and behavioural requirements New spatial organisation Modifications to Equipment subsystems New safety requirements

24 8. And now to our Architect He/She is the main Player in the Operation: Without Him/Her our Building will not get off the ground! Necessity of dialoguing Architecture Juries Make-up Technical committees

25 9. Phasing and Deadlines Operation Duration (1) Cumulative duration (1) Scale of documents Library visits Notes P R O G R A M 6 to 12 months 6 to 12 months - Photography Creating reference-document base (standards) Set up working groups (2) Draft feasibility scenarios Sketch out fixtures, furnishings & equipment (FF&E) from onset of Program

26 Operation Duration Cumulative duration Scale of documents Notes Architecture competition 6 to 12 months 12 to 24 months Sketches: 1/500 th - and 1/200 th -scale drawings Library to be present in technical committee and jury Preliminary design Safety study Application for Building Permit 4 to 6 months 16 to 30 months 1/200 th - and 1/100 th -scale drawings Extremely close involvement of Library in developing the Preliminary Design (corresponds to organisation of library areas)

27 Operation Duration Cumulative duration Scale of documents Notes Development of technical solutions (construction and operation of the building) Detail Design 4 to 6 months 20 to 36 months 1/100 th - scale drawings Library often required to examine technical documents that are hard to read and interpret More library visits, specialised exhibits (library furnishings etc.) Refining (by Library) of FF&E file Detailed organisation of collections and staff Creation of a photographic record showing progress of site Drafting description of building signalising Preparing to move in

28 Operation Duration Cumulative duration Scale of documents Notes Project Sub-contracting File 4 to 6 months Tender Negotiations 2 to 6 months 24 to 42 months 1/50 th - and 1/20 th -scale drawings 26 to 48 months Appointment of contractors; Signing of Agreements Site works Site handover, remedial works and snag-clearing Installing fixtures, furnishings & equipment (FF&E) 2 months 28 to 50 months 12 to 24 months 2 to 4 months 40 to 74 months 42 to 78 months 2 months 44 to 80 months Publicising opening of new building

29 Operation Duration Cumulative duration Move in 1 to 2 months 45 to 82 months Safety Committee report (allowing opening of building to public) Move in staff and services Opening to Public 1 month 46 to 83 months (and HERE is where it really starts )

30 As conclusion For architects who have had the fortune to build them, libraries always retain a place among their finer buildings, they are the most Inspired, the most Masterful, as if a fine osmosis was taking place between this book the most precious of objects to one and all -- and this shell that envelops it and protects it. Each library is a joyous event: constructing, magnifying this book-object, and demonstrating the sense of it. And more The building must be very legible, it must attract like a magnet. But once he has been welcomed, the reader must be sheltered. The library must reinforce the protection that the book gives the reader, which is - in reality - helping to guide him through the world. Pierre RIBOULET, architect

31 Thank you for attention BUT If you have two minutes more

32 University Libraries in project

33 ordeaux 1. Extension ( m² do) et restructuration u bâtiment construit en 1964 par L. Sainsaulieu et P. Daurel. otal du chantier : 7194 m² do urand, Ménard, Thibault, architectes

34 Bordeaux 1. Restructuration-extension du bâtiment Durand, Ménard, Thibault, architectes

35 Bordeaux 1

36 Bordeaux 1

37 niversité de Versailles St Quentin m² do U de St Quentin. Ripault et Duhart, architectes

38 niversité de Versailles St Quentin m² do U de St Quentin. Ripault et Duhart, architectes

39 Lyon II. Chevreul m² Architecte : Thierry Van de Wyngaert

40 Lyon II. Chevreul m² Architecte : Thierry Van de Wyngaert

41 Lyon II. Chevreul m² Architecte : Thierry Van de Wyngaert

42 Brest m² do. Beaudouin, architecte

43 Brest m² do. Beaudouin, architecte

44 INSA Lyon 4700 m² Michel Rémon, architecte

45 INSA Lyon 4700 m² Michel Rémon, architecte

46

47 Chabanne, architecte Reims. Croix-Rouge. axyz 9480 m² do

48 Chabanne, architecte Reims. Croix-Rouge m² do axyz

49 Reims. Croix-Rouge, 9480 m² do.chabanne, architecte

50 eims. roix-rouge. 480 m² do habanne, rchitecte

51 Le Havre 8500 m² do René Dottelonde, architecte

52 ené Dottelonde, rchitecte. 500 m² do Le Havre

53 René Dottelonde, architecte m² do Le Havre

54 2e étage Le Havre, 8500 m² do. René Dottelonde, architecte

55 Rez-de-chausssé Le Havre, 8500 m² do. René Dottelonde, architecte

56 La Réunion, Bu sciences m²do Alain Bocquée, architecte

57 a Réunion, u sciences. 700 m² do açade Est Façade Sud lain Bocquée, rchitecte Coupe transversale

58 a Réunion, Bu sciences m². Alain Bocquée, architecte

59 Paris XII. Droit - Créteil m² do Michel Rémon, architecte

60 Paris XII. Droit - Créteil m² do Michel Rémon, architecte Plan du 1er niveau

61 Paris XII. Droit - Créteil m² do Michel Rémon, architecte Plan du 2e niveau

62 niversité Paul Sabatier oulouse III. xtension et restructuration e la BU. rch. : SCP Espagno t Milani.

63 Mulhouse. Réhabilitation de la Fonderie. Projet de la Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et juridique Etat actuel (été 2003)

64 Mulhouse. Réhabilitation de la Fonderie. Projet de la Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et juridique Photo:Mongiello-Plisson et Emergence Architecture Avec un pôle documentaire en droit, économie, gestion,

65 Mulhouse. Réhabilitation de la Fonderie. Projet de la Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et juridique

66 Fonderie.Etat intérieur actuel (été 2003)