General overview of bee diseases
|
|
|
- Godfrey Shelton
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 General overview of bee diseases Wolfgang Ritter CVUA Freiburg/Animal Health Head of International OIE Reference Laboratory President of Apimondia Standing Commission for Bee Health
2 Honeybee Colony = Animal Honeybee colony = Animal Individual bees = part of the animal (like cells or organs of mammals)
3 North Africa Central Europe Jan. Juni Dez.
4 Brood development 3 days 5 days 14 days
5 Hatching of imagos after 20 to 22 days
6 Bee swarm = Reproduction
7 Honeybee Colony = Superorganism Division of labour Interaction Food hoarding Social Homoiothermic Social immune defence Hygienic behaviour
8 Immune defence mechanisms Individual Bee Cellular system: Melanisation, phagocytosis etc. Humoral immune system: Inhibition, lyses of cell wall etc.
9 Social immune defence Hygienic Behaviour Absconding: Bees fly out and do not return Swarming: Whole colony leaves hive Disinfections: Nest with propollis Propollis: resinous mixture that honey bees collect from tree buds and others
10 Social immune defence Hygienic Behaviour Grooming: Self- and social-cleansing Hygienic: Removal of brood Heating: Fever and heat attack Encapsulation: Enemies and infection sources
11 Factors reducing Immune response Nutrition Lack of permanent carbohydrate supply Low diversity of pollen sources Pollution Pesticides Air pollution Management (good beekeeping practices) Chemical treatments Damage of natural arrangements in brood nest Inadequate bee races (brood cycle etc.)
12 Biodiversity of pollen supply Pollen supplies bees with: protein + fungus + bacteria
13 Antagonists and infectibility Antagonists Bacteria Fungus Chalkbrood (Ascosphaera apis) Fungus tube ( Nayudu, Khan 2007)
14 Diversity of bacteria in midgut ( Nayudu, Khan 2007) In healthy honey bee colonies per midgut: 100 mill. to 1000 mill. 25 bis 30 species (10 bis 20 % inhibit chalkbrood) In diseased honey bee colonies per midgut : to bis 15 species
15 Pesticides Acute toxic effects Sublethal effects
16 Beekeeping practice Chemical treatment with desinfective effects Synthetic substances Organc acids Etheric oils bacteria fungus antagonistic substances
17 Beekeeping practice Fixed combs to moveable frames
18 Important diseases of brood and imago Pathogen Brood Imago Bacteria AFB/EFB Fungi Chalkbrood Nosema Viruses Mites Sacbrood (SBV) Varroa, Tropilaelaps DWV,CBPV Varroa, Acarapis Insects SH Beetle A.m. capensis
19 Multiple infections Varroa-infestation/ABP-Virus-infection DWV 60 % Bienen Treatament Varroa mite 0 Mai Juni Juli August September
20 Pathogenesis Individual bees Reduction of lifespan Morphological changes Physiological changes Changes in behaviour
21 Reduction of lifespan 3 weeks 2 weeks 2 weeks 1 week
22 Morphological changes
23 Physiological changes Changes in behaviour AP-Virus
24 Pathogenesis bee colony Reduced productivity Scattered brood Dwindling Death
25 Scattered brood
26 Scattered Brood Hygenic Behaviour Recognition and removal of diseased brood
27 Adult Bee Diseases Hygenic Behaviour leaving and do not return
28 Dwindling Unbalanced: bee production and bee losses
29 Colony Collapse disorder (CCD)
30 Epidemiology Influence of bees Robbing Drifting
31 Density of bee colonies
32 Distribution of diseases in bee yard 2 d 6 d 6 d Viruses + 4 d 6 d 2d
33 Distribution of diseases in flight area 2 km 1 km 60 d 25 d Viruses
34 Epidemiology Influence of beekeeper Exchange of material Migratory beekeeping Bee trade
35 Exchange of combs honey harvest
36 Almond Migratory bee keeping J.Pettis
37 Host shifts caused by man Varroa destructor Host-parasite relationship: not adapted in co-evolution
38 Globally spreading of diseases Varroosis
39 Distribution of Apis before colonisation Apis cerana Apis mellifera
40 Distribution of Apis during colonisation Apis cerana Apis mellifera
41 Current distribution of Apis Apis mellifera Apis cerana
42 Current distribution of Varroa destructor
43 Globally spreading of Diseases Varroosis
44 Distribution of Aethina tumida
45 Natürliche Abwehr
46 Distribution of Aethina tumida
47 Host shifts caused by man Nosema ceranae Original parasite of Apis cerana Nosema apis Original parasite of Apis mellifera N. apis replaced by N. ceranae new pathogenesis?
48 Current distribution of Nosema ceranae Nosema ceranae Apis cerana (Nosema apis) Nosema ceranae Apis mellifera
49 Host shifts caused by man Tropilaelaps spp. Not jet distributed outside of south east Asia
50 Current distribution of Tropilaelaps spp. Apis dorsata Apis laboriosa Apis cerana Apis mellifera Tropilaelaps spp.
51 Apis dorsata
52 Tropilaelaps spp.
53 Tropilaelaps spp.
54 Introduction of new honeybee races by man Africanized honey bee (Killer bees) Apis mellifera capensis
55 Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera scutelata
56 Apis mellifera capensis
57 Migratory bee keeping local and global trade with bees causes increasing problems for bee health
58 OIE List Pathogen Bacteria Fungi Viruses Mites Insects List of OIE American/European Foulbrood (Nosemosis) (SBV, DWV, CBPV) Acarapisosis, Varroosis, Tropilaelaps spp. Small Hive Beatle
59
Background Honeybees are declining throughout the world Colony Collapse Disorder Complex Many factors compounded over time Media hype
Potential Solutions to Honey Bee Decline: Hygienic i Behavior Alicia Moulton USU Extension Ag/4-H Agent Wasatch County Background Honeybees are declining throughout the world Colony Collapse Disorder Complex
BIOSECURITY OR DISEASE RISK MITIGATION STRATEGY FOR THE AUSTRALIAN HONEY BEE INDUSTRY
BIOSECURITY OR DISEASE RISK MITIGATION STRATEGY FOR THE AUSTRALIAN HONEY BEE INDUSTRY Australian Honey Bee Industry Council Postal Address: PO Box R838 ROYAL EXCHANGE NSW 1225 Phone: 61 2 9221 0911\ Fax:
Index to: Practical Beekeeper. The. Volumes I, II & III. by Michael Bush
Index to: The Practical Beekeeper Volumes I, II & III by Michael Bush Index to: The Practical Beekeeper Volume I, II & III This index is valid for all three separate volumes and the complete book. Copyright
Beneficial Microflora in Honey Bee Colonies
Beneficial Microflora in Honey Bee Colonies Diana Sammataro, Ph.D. USDA-ARS Carl Hayden Bee Research Center Tucson, AZ Our Website: http://gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov Lactobacillus spp. Bifidobacterium spp.
Tackling Europe s bee decline The role veterinarians can play. Federation of Veterinarians of Europe
Tackling Europe s bee decline The role veterinarians can play Federation of Veterinarians of Europe Bees : minute animals, massive importance Bees have a lot of responsibility on their tiny striped backs.
2016 Bee College Tentative Short Course Descriptions
2016 Bee College Tentative Short Course Descriptions A Beekeeper s Year For starting beekeepers, the first year could be the hardest since you are trying to figure out all the quirks of beekeeping. Come
Honey bee diseases and pests: a practical guide
AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD ENGINEERING TECHNICAL REPORT 4 ISSN 1814-1137 Honey bee diseases and pests: a practical guide iii Contents Foreword Acknowledgements vii viii 1. Introduction 1 2. Microbial diseases
IPM Elements for Honey Bees in the Mid-Atlantic States
IPM Elements for Honey Bees in the Mid-Atlantic States The purpose of this document is to consolidate current integrated approaches to honey bee pest management in the mid-atlantic region. The goals are:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1. Tom Moriarty Office of Pesticide Programs U. S. Environmental Protection Agency.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1 Tom Moriarty Office of Pesticide Programs U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2 Bee Health Multiple federal reports have
The Immune System. 2 Types of Defense Mechanisms. Lines of Defense. Line of Defense. Lines of Defense
The Immune System 2 Types of Defense Mechanisms Immune System the system that fights infection by producing cells to inactivate foreign substances to avoid infection and disease. Immunity the body s ability
INTERMEDIATE BEEKEEPING WEEK 1 CAROL COTTRILL
INTERMEDIATE BEEKEEPING WEEK 1 CAROL COTTRILL BEE BIOLOGY WHY IT MATTERS There is a spectrum there are different ways to try to do things. I once thought you could do it all by a cookbook, and now I think
honey bee By Henry Touray
honey bee By Henry Touray Introduction For my project I have chosen to research Bees. I chose to find out about the bee because bees have been in the news lately. Lots of hives have died out and scientists
Backyard Beekeeping in Florida
Backyard Beekeeping in Florida Richard Martyniak Entomologist The Buzzkillers,LLC Twitter @AFBR Beginning Beekeeping Bee Biology & Classification History of Beekeeping Beekeeping Equipment Laws / Regulations
Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften
Parasite host interactions between Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman and Apis mellifera L.: Influence of parasitism on flight behaviour and on the loss of infested foragers Dissertation zur Erlangung
Crop Profile for Honey Bees in Texas
Prepared: June, 2003 Crop Profile for Honey Bees in Texas State Ranking General Production Information Texas National Rank (number colonies) = 7 Texas National Rank (Honey production) = 7 Texas Honey value
BEEKEEPING IN HUNGARY
BEEKEEPING IN HUNGARY When people who are working in the honey or beekeeping sector hear the name of Hungary, automatically think to acacia honey. The cause of this is the fact that Hungary produces the
Requirements for vaccines and diagnostic biologicals: No biological products are available.
The mites in the genus Tropilaelaps are parasites of honey bee brood. Feeding on bee larvae and pupae causes brood malformation, death of bees and subsequent colony decline or absconding. Development requires
Beekeeping PARASITIC MITES OF HONEY BEES. Greg Hunt, Bee Specialist, Purdue University
Beekeeping PURDUE EXTENSION E-201-W Department of Entomology PARASITIC MITES OF HONEY BEES Greg Hunt, Bee Specialist, Purdue University VARROA MITES Varroa mites (Varroa destructor) can be seen on the
Course Descriptions. I. Professional Courses: MSEG 7216: Introduction to Infectious Diseases (Medical Students)
Course Descriptions I. Professional Courses: MSEG 7216: Introduction to Infectious Diseases (Medical Students) This course is offered during the first semester of the second year of the MD Program. It
GUIDELINES FOR THE REGISTRATION OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
GUIDELINES FOR THE REGISTRATION OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS -ii- GUIDELINES ON THE REGISTRATION OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS FOOD AND
Managing Varroa Mites in Honey Bee Colonies
Managing Varroa Mites in Honey Bee Colonies The varroa mite (Varroa destructor) is the most serious pest of honey bee colonies worldwide. This parasite was first detected in North Carolina in 1990, having
CONTROL OF VARROA A Guide for New Zealand Beekeepers
CONTROL OF VARROA A Guide for New Zealand Beekeepers CONTROL OF VARROA A Guide for New Zealand Beekeepers has been published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry as part of its on-going assistance
Contact us: Beehavin Apiary 225 Douglas Pike Smithfield, RI 02917. (401) 885-5172 everett@beehavin.com
Contact us: Beehavin Apiary 225 Douglas Pike Smithfield, RI 02917 (401) 885-5172 everett@beehavin.com ! Beekeepers who work towards goal typically have the best success! First Year Beekeeper Goals! Learn
Tree Integrated Pest Management. Dan Nortman Virginia Cooperative Extension, York County
Tree Integrated Pest Management Dan Nortman Virginia Cooperative Extension, York County IPM Refresher Definition: The use of a combination of appropriate pest control tactics to reduce pest population
SEASONAL APLICATION OF JENTER S METHOD FOR A SUCCESSFUL QUEEN BEES REARING IN ALBANIA
SEASONAL APLICATION OF JENTER S METHOD FOR A SUCCESSFUL QUEEN BEES REARING IN ALBANIA L. Sena, S. Sena, F. Gjurgji and M. Nikolla Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment,
WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?
CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS MICROBIOLOGY AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? WHO / TDR / Crump WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? Microbiology is more relevant than ever in today s world. Infectious diseases are a leading health-related
The Immune System and Disease
Chapter 40 The Immune System and Disease Section 40 1 Infectious Disease (pages 1029 1033) This section describes the causes of disease and explains how infectious diseases are transmitted Introduction
The German bee monitoring project: a long term study to understand periodically high winter losses of honey bee colonies*
Apidologie c INRA/DIB-AGIB/EDP Sciences, 2010 DOI: 10.1051/apido/2010014 Available online at: www.apidologie.org Original article The German bee monitoring project: a long term study to understand periodically
Discover Entomology. Discover Entomology. A Science, a Career, a Lifetime. A Science, a Career, a Lifetime
Discover Entomology A Science, a Career, a Lifetime Discover Entomology A Science, a Career, a Lifetime What is Entomology? Entomology is the study of insects. Entomologists study bees, ants, beetles,
Introduction to the concepts of IPM
DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES Principles of Integrated Pest Management Deanna Chin and Brian Thistleton, Entomology, Diagnostic Services What is a pest? Principles of IPM Introduction to
ListProc Newsletter Artificial Insemination DVD II vs. Naturally Mated Queens Apimondia 2007 CSBA 2007 Convention New Small Hive Beetle Trap
Sept/Oct 2007 ListProc Newsletter Artificial Insemination DVD II vs. Naturally Mated Queens Apimondia 2007 CSBA 2007 Convention New Small Hive Beetle Trap Newsletter E-mailed to You If you wish to have
GLOBAL HONEY BEE COLONY DISORDERS AND OTHER THREATS TO INSECT POLLINATORS
UNEP EMERGING ISSUES GLOBAL HONEY BEE COLONY DISORDERS AND OTHER THREATS TO INSECT POLLINATORS UNEP 2010 - UNEP Emerging Issues: Global Honey Bee Colony Disorder and Other Threats to Insect Pollinators.
2013 Ontario Treatment Recommendations for Honey Bee Disease and Mite Control
2013 Ontario Treatment Recommendations for Honey Bee Disease and Mite Control March 2013 This document is intended as a guide for the management of pests and diseases of honey bee colonies in Ontario.
ANIMALS FORM & FUNCTION BODY DEFENSES NONSPECIFIC DEFENSES PHYSICAL BARRIERS PHAGOCYTES. Animals Form & Function Activity #4 page 1
AP BIOLOGY ANIMALS FORM & FUNCTION ACTIVITY #4 NAME DATE HOUR BODY DEFENSES NONSPECIFIC DEFENSES PHYSICAL BARRIERS PHAGOCYTES Animals Form & Function Activity #4 page 1 INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE ANTIMICROBIAL
If you have a cold or the flu, you can spread the sickness to someone else. How does the sickness spread? Write your ideas on the lines below.
The Immune System Textbook pages 100 109 Before You Read Section 3.1 Summary If you have a cold or the flu, you can spread the sickness to someone else. How does the sickness spread? Write your ideas on
Florida Beekeeping Management Calendar 1
ENY156 Florida Beekeeping Management Calendar 1 J.D. Ellis and C.M. Zettel Nalen 2 Florida's warm temperatures are very conducive to beekeeping; however, the climate, ecotype, and floral resources differ
Report on the National Stakeholders Conference on Honey Bee Health
United States Department of Agriculture Report on the National Stakeholders Conference on Honey Bee Health National Honey Bee Health Stakeholder Conference Steering Committee Sheraton Suites Old Town Alexandria
Tucson AHB/Mites Conference RIFA Control
March/April 2000 Tucson AHB/Mites Conference RIFA Control Tucson AHB/Mites Conference A total of 92 people registered for the 2nd International Conference on Africanized Honey Bees and Bee Mites held in
STANDARDS FOR HIVE PRODUCTS. Demeter International e.v. Table of Contents. - to be implemented by each member country by the 31 st December 2007 -
STANDARDS FOR BEEKEEPING AND HIVE PRODUCTS June 2004 - to be implemented by each member country by the 31 st December 2007 - Demeter International e.v. Table of Contents Page 1. Validity and Basis...1
What is a Honey Bee? What is an Africanized Honey Bee?
What is a Honey Bee? Honey bees are not native to the North America Honey bees currently pollinate about 90 agricultural crops (accounting for 80% of the pollination in the US): ~ $10 billion pollination
HOUSEHOLD POVERTY REDUCTION THROUGH BEEKEEPING AMONGST UGANDA RURAL WOMEN
HOUSEHOLD POVERTY REDUCTION THROUGH BEEKEEPING AMONGST UGANDA RURAL WOMEN Margaret OGABA Chairperson, Kitgum Women Beekeepers Association (KITWOBEE), P.O.Box 120, Kitgum, UGANDA, c/o E-mail: oxfam.kitgum@wfp.org
MBA Annual Convention Advanced Technology Center Jones County Junior College Ellisville, MS November 6 7, 2015
MBA Annual Convention Advanced Technology Center Jones County Junior College Ellisville, MS November 6 7, 2015 Go to Exit 85 on Interstate 59 (intersection with Highway 590; approximately 10 miles south
Results of Research: Using Essential Oils for Honey Bee Mite Control
Page 1 of 7 Results of Research: Using Essential Oils for Honey Bee Mite Control Jim Amrine, Bob Noel, Harry Mallow, Terry Stasny, Robert Skidmore (Last Updated: December 30, 1996) Back to Mite Control
IPM Plan for Campus Landscape
Created June 2014 IPM Plan for Campus Landscape Statement of Purpose The purpose of this integrated pest management (IPM) plan is to guide the use of environmentally sensitive pest management strategies
Name (print) Name (signature) Period. (Total 30 points)
AP Biology Worksheet Chapter 43 The Immune System Lambdin April 4, 2011 Due Date: Thurs. April 7, 2011 You may use the following: Text Notes Power point Internet One other person in class "On my honor,
to the Julius Kühn-Institute Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants Dr. Frank Riepert
WELCOME to the Julius Kühn-Institute Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants Dr. Frank Riepert Institute for Pesticide Research in Berlin-Dahlem (1905) Julius Kühn-Institute The Federal Research
EAST TEXAS BEEKEEPERS MONTHLY GUIDE BOOK
EAST TEXAS BEEKEEPERS MONTHLY GUIDE BOOK FORWARD Members of the EAST TEXAS BEEKEEPERS ASSOCIATION compiled this pamphlet during the year of 1992. It is intended as a guide for new beekeepers in Smith and
Immunity Unit Test Z
Immunity Unit Test Z Name MB Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the pathogens in Figure 31.1 cause disease by taking over healthy
A: Nursing Knowledge. Alberta Licensed Practical Nurses Competency Profile 1
A: Nursing Knowledge Alberta Licensed Practical Nurses Competency Profile 1 Competency: A-1 Anatomy and Physiology A-1-1 A-1-2 A-1-3 A-1-4 A-1-5 A-1-6 A-1-7 A-1-8 Identify the normal structures and functions
Essential Oils and Organic Acids for the Control of Varroa destructor in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)
Rusty Burlew July 12, 2009 Essential Oils and Organic Acids for the Control of Varroa destructor in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) It wasn t until 1986 that parasitic Varroa mites were introduced into the
Northern Piedmont Beekeepers Association
Northern Piedmont Beekeepers Association Volume 29 Number 6 June 2008 Beekeeping Events in the Area The Bee Research Laboratory will host an open house for the public at the nation s capital to highlight
Queen Management Notes New Hampshire Bee Meeting October 28, 2006
Queen Management Notes New Hampshire Bee Meeting October 28, 2006 By Dan Conlon Warm Colors Apiary South Deerfield, Massachusetts warmcolors@verizon.net 413-665-4513 www.warmcolorsapiary.com Understanding
Castes in Social Insects
Castes in Social Insects Module Chemical Ecology, Ayasse Outline Castes in Social Insects 1. definition 2. castes in social insects 3. caste determination A. psychophysiological caste determination B.
Curriculum Policy of the Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Graduate Program
Curriculum Policy of the Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Graduate Program Agricultural Science plans to conserve natural and artificial ecosystems and its ideal of "Sustainable coexistence science"
PRODUCER MANUAL - GOOD PRODUCTION PRACTICES
CANADIAN BEE INDUSTRY SAFETY QUALITY TRACEABILITY PRODUCER MANUAL - GOOD PRODUCTION PRACTICES FOR THE SAFE PRODUCTION AND ON-FARM PROCESSING OF HONEY -EXTRACTED RAW OR FILTERED (LIQUID, CRYSTALLIZED OR
CHAPTER 35 HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM STANDARDS:SC.912.L.14.52 & SC.912.L.14.6
CHAPTER 35 HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM STANDARDS:SC.912.L.14.52 & SC.912.L.14.6 SECTION 1 - Infectious Disease 1.Identify the causes of infectious disease. 2.Explain how infectious diseases are spread. Causes
Quick Start Guide to Natural Beekeeping with the Warre Hive
Quick Start Guide to Natural Beekeeping with the Warre Hive How you can use the Warre Top Bar Hive to Create a Smart, Simple and Sustainable Beekeeping Experience BY NICK HAMPSHIRE FREE REPORT FROM DIYBEEHIVE.COM
Unit 4 Lesson 1: A Pest by Any Other Name
Focus Areas: Pest Control: Biological; Environmental Science, Language Arts Focus Skills: critical thinking, conducting research, observing, graphing, interpreting data Objectives To explore human attitudes
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences/Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Serology
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences/Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Serology The Master Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences / Clinical Microbiology, Immunology or
UNOFFICIAL COPY: THE BEE LAW
UNOFFICIAL COPY: THE BEE LAW The following is an unofficial copy of the Bee Law (Act of December 12, 1994, P.L. 903, No. 131)(3 Pa.C.S.A. 2101 2117). The document reflects the current version of this statute.
Medical Microbiology Culture Media :
Lecture 3 Dr. Ismail I. Daood Medical Microbiology Culture Media : Culture media are used for recognition and identification (diagnosis) of microorganisms. The media are contained in plates (Petri dishes),
Cloake Board Method of Queen Rearing and Banking
Cloake Board Method of Queen Rearing and Banking Rearing your own queens is one of the more interesting and rewarding aspects of beekeeping. It provides a means to maintain young, vigorous queens in colonies
Principles of Disease and Epidemiology. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Principles of Disease and Epidemiology Pathology, Infection, and Disease Disease: An abnormal state in which the body is not functioning normally Pathology: The study of disease Etiology: The study of
Apocephalus borealis Brues, 1924 (Diptera: Phoridae) a fly that attacks honey bees.
Apocephalus borealis Brues, 1924 (Diptera: Phoridae) a fly that attacks honey bees. Nickname: The Zombie Fly. Summary of: Core A., Runckel C., Ivers J., Quock C., Siapno T., DeNault S., Brown B.[Phorids],
We ve got the technology NOW you ve got the control
We ve got the technology NOW you ve got the control THE REALITY OF TERMITES Unfortunately the old saying, There are only 2 types of homes in Australia, those that have termites and those that will get
10. T and B cells are types of a. endocrine cells. c. lymphocytes. b. platelets. d. complement cells.
Virus and Immune System Review Directions: Write your answers on a separate piece of paper. 1. Why does a cut in the skin threaten the body s nonspecific defenses against disease? a. If a cut bleeds, disease-fighting
Class Insecta - The insects
A Introduction 1. Very species rich 2. Characteristics a. 3 pairs of legs b. 2 pairs of wings (most) except flies (1 pair of wings - Diptera) B. Distribution 1. All habitats except saltwater - replaced
Experience with Thermosolar Hive
Experience with Thermosolar Hive We have got 10 years of experience with thermotherapy and working with the Thermosolar Hive. There is also a university research that confirms high efficiency of our hive.
One of the more complex systems we re looking at. An immune response (a response to a pathogen) can be of two types:
Immune system. One of the more complex systems we re looking at. An immune response (a response to a pathogen) can be of two types: (pathogen - disease causing organism) 1) Non specific. Anything foreign
BEE DISEASES & THEIR CONTROL
BEE DISEASES & THEIR CONTROL This leaflet describes important symptoms, the transmission and control of the three major brood diseases and the one important adult disease of honey bees. The figures and
The 10 Essential Steps to Better Beekeeping
The 10 Essential Steps to Better Beekeeping BEEKEEPING SECRET #1: GETTING READY FOR YOUR NEW HOBBY Beekeeping is truly a hobby for everyone because bees are not dependent on foraging material that is found
MODEL BEEKEEPING ORDINANCE
MODEL BEEKEEPING ORDINANCE For Florida (Local and Municipal) Governments Whereas, honey bees are beneficial to mankind and to Florida in particular, by providing agricultural fruit and vegetable pollination
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Veterinary Epidemiology/Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Veterinary Epidemiology/Faculty of Veterinary Medicine The Master Degree Veterinary Epidemiology/ Faculty of Veterinary Medicine is awarded by the Faculty of Graduate
ABSTRACT. Of the PhD thesis:,, Etiopathogenic, clinical and therapeutic investigations in American foulbrood in honey bees
ABSTRACT Of the PhD thesis:,, Etiopathogenic, clinical and therapeutic investigations in American foulbrood in honey bees Key words: bees, American foulbrood, Paenibacillus larvae, hydro alcoholic plant
3. Which relationship can correctly be inferred from the data presented in the graphs below?
1. Recent evidence indicates that lakes in large areas of New York State are being affected by acid rain. The major effect of acid rain in the lakes is (1) an increase in game fish population levels (3)
Introduction to Medical Microbiology
Introduction to Medical Microbiology Course Medical Microbiology Unit I Introduction to Microbiology Essential Question What is Medical Microbiology? TEKS 130.207(c) 2A, 3D Prior Student Learning n/a Estimated
Beekeeping for Beginners
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All PIRU Publications Pollinating Insects Research Unit 1965 Beekeeping for Beginners William P. Nye Utah State University G. F. Knowlton Follow this and additional
ULTIMATE TERMITE SOLUTION WATER BASED TERMITICIDE QUICK ACTION LONG LASTING CONTROL ELIMINATES TERMITES ODOURLESS PEOPLE, PET & PLANT FRIENDLY
ULTIMATE TERMITE SOLUTION WATER BASED TERMITICIDE QUICK ACTION LONG LASTING CONTROL ELIMINATES TERMITES ODOURLESS PEOPLE, PET & PLANT FRIENDLY TERMITES CAN DEVOUR YOUR HOME! Australia s subterranean termites
Supplemental Material CBE Life Sciences Education. Su et al.
Supplemental Material CBE Life Sciences Education Su et al. APPENDIX Human Body's Immune System Test This test consists of 31 questions, with only 1 answer to be selected for each question. Please select
Fungal Entomopathogens: An Enigmatic Pest Control Alternative
Fungal Entomopathogens: An Enigmatic Pest Control Alternative Nicole Rusconi $ and Cerruti R 2 Hooks! $ Student Research Assistant and 1 Associate Professor and Extension Specialist, University of Maryland
How do you keep your bees? Alternative hive configurations
How do you keep your bees? Alternative hive configurations (By Wally Shaw Anglesey BKA) Introduction The most important part of any honey bee colony is that beneath the queen excluder. The boxes that make
Bee Ordinances in North Texas
Bee Ordinances in North Texas Wow! You keep bees??!? Is that legal? Topics why we need to know different levels of regulation where to find out more standard disclaimers Why we need to know protect your
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Policy
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Policy What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)? Integrated pest management (IPM) is an approach to pest control that utilizes regular monitoring and record keeping to
Integrated Pest Management
Integrated Pest Management Andrea Veres Junior Technical Officer FAO REU andrea.veres@fao.org Yerevan, Armenia 2013 Why develop IPM? Agriculture was: not sustainable optimized inputs for maximum profit
Certificate of Mold Analysis
, Tel: (954) 384-4446 Fax: (954) 384-4838 Toll Free: 800-427-0550 AIHA Lab ID # 163230 Prepared for: Phone Number: (800) 427-0550 Fax Number: (555) 555-5555 Email Address: Test Location: prolabinc@gmail.com
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIOLOGY
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIOLOGY The Master of Science in Biology program is designed to provide a strong foundation in concepts and principles of the life sciences, to develop appropriate skills and to inculcate
Métodos estándar para estimar parámetros sobre la fortaleza de las colonias de Apis mellifera
Journal of Apicultural Research 52(1): (2013) IBRA 2013 DOI 10.3896/IBRA.1.52.1.03 REVIEW ARTICLE Standard methods for estimating strength parameters of Apis mellifera colonies Keith S Delaplane 1*, Jozef
Colony Growth and Seasonal Management of Honey Bees
Colony Growth and Seasonal Management of Honey Bees Management of honey bees varies based on whether pollination or honey production is the primary objective. A simple scheme for those interested in maximizing
Second Grade Insects Assessment
Second Grade Insects Assessment 1a. The stiff shell that covers an insect s body is called an: a. outer shell b. exoskeleton 1b. The stiff shell that covers and insect s body is called an: a. outer shell
Sub-lethal exposure to neonicotinoids impaired honey bees winterization before proceeding to colony collapse disorder
Bulletin of Insectology 67 (1): 125-130, 2014 ISSN 1721-8861 Sub-lethal exposure to neonicotinoids impaired honey bees winterization before proceeding to colony collapse disorder Chensheng LU 1, Kenneth
Overview: Human Health Effects of Environmental Contaminants
Overview: Human Health Effects of Environmental Contaminants 1 1 OVERVIEW: HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS Human activity has led to the production and release into the environment of
MUST-B. EU efforts for the development of a Holistic approach for the Risk Assessment on MUltiple STressors in Bees
MUST-B EU efforts for the development of a Holistic approach for the Risk Assessment on MUltiple STressors in Bees F. Verdonck and the EFSA Bee Task Force coordinated by A. Rortais Advisory Group working
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Food Hygiene /Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Food Hygiene /Faculty of Veterinary Medicine The Master Degree Food Hygiene /Veterinary Medicine is awarded by the Faculty of Graduate Studies at Jordan University
Overview of the Cattle Immune System 1
Oregon State University BEEF043 Beef Cattle Library Beef Cattle Sciences Overview of the Cattle Immune System 1 Reinaldo F. Cooke 2 Introduction On average, the U.S. cattle industry loses more than $1
Bacteria vs. Virus: What s the Difference? Grade 11-12
Bacteria vs. Virus: What s the Difference? Grade 11-12 Subject: Biology Topic: Bacteria, viruses, and the differences between them. The role that water plays in spreading bacteria and viruses, and the
SANTA CRUZ COUNTY REGIONAL OCCUPATIONAL PROGRAM. Veterinary Science
SANTA CRUZ COUNTY REGIONAL OCCUPATIONAL PROGRAM Veterinary Science CBEDS Title: Animal Science CBEDS Number: 4020 Career Path: Agriculture & Natural Resources Course Description: This course provides a
Toby and the Bees. Dear parents,
Dear parents, At Bayer, we have been committed to animal health and protection of the environment for many years. This book is intended to help children understand the role that honey bees play in conserving
7- Master s Degree in Public Health and Public Health Sciences (Majoring Microbiology)
7- Master s Degree in Public Health and Public Health Sciences (Majoring Microbiology) Students should fulfill a total of 38 credit hours: 1- Basic requirements: 10 credit hours. 150701, 150702, 150703,
Honey bee nutrition and supplementary feeding
Honey bee nutrition and supplementary feeding DAI/178, July 2000 Doug Somerville Apiary Officer Goulburn INTRODUCTION This agnote is written to give beekeepers an overview of honeybee nutritional requirements
General Technical Dossier Laminarin
General Technical Dossier Laminarin The choice to produce better Fruits and vegetables Contents Technical dossier Laminarin 1) Plant natural defense mechanisms. 2) Laminarin: mode of action. 3) Laminarin: