County of Sonoma Health Screenings Basic Preventive Screening Summary

Transcription

1 County of Sonoma Health Screenings Basic Preventive Screening Summary Presented to: County of Sonoma Presented by: HealthFair Date: June 04,

2 Table of Contents General Summary... 3 Basic Preventive Screenings... 4 Participant Demographics... 6 Screening Results

3 General Summary The HealthFair screenings at County of Sonoma were conducted on May 5 th & 6 th, A total of 58 individuals participated in the screenings. As detailed in this report, early detection health screening (EDHS) has a significant impact on the cost and delivery of healthcare by controlling illnesses at early and manageable stages. EDHS is designed to increase employee productivity, reduce absenteeism, and lower the cost of future medical claims. The County of Sonoma participants were screened with HealthFair s Basic Preventive Screening Package. Basic biometric screenings were conducted to give participants a fundamental look at their current health status. These results were analyzed using the Know Your Number (KYN) risk assessment program. This program is an early warning system to alert individuals and their doctors of potential health problems. All screening results from the County of Sonoma HealthFair screenings are confidential and have been delivered to the participants. HealthFair encourages all participants to follow-up with their personal physician and take the necessary steps to better their health. The aggregate screening results of event participants are outlined in this report. The screening results for participants under the age of 21 are not included. 3

4 Basic Preventive Screenings Participants were questioned on information about their health status including: self reported disease (coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, diabetes and other cardiovascular disease), use of either cholesterol or blood pressure medication, level of physical exercise and smoking habits. Individuals were further screened for the following health risk factors: Weight/Body Mass Index: Body mass index (BMI) is a mathematical formula that takes into account a person s height and weight. An individual is defined as overweight when their BMI is between 25.0 kg/m2 and 29.9 kg/m2. If their BMI is equal to or exceeds 30.0 kg/m2 they are considered obese. Waist Measurement: In addition to carrying excess weight, it is important where on the body that weight is carried. If an individual carries their excess weight in their mid-section or waist, they are more likely to develop health problems than if they carry fat mainly in the hips and thighs. Waist to Hip Ratio: Waist to hip ratio (WHR) looks at the proportion of fat stored on the body around the waist and hips. People who carry most their excess weight around their waist are at greater risk of heart disease than individuals who carry most of their weight below their waist, on their hips and buttocks. It is possible for individuals with a healthy BMI to have an unhealthy WHR. Both measurements are important in determining risk for cardiovascular disease. Hypertension/Prehypertension: Hypertension is another name for high blood pressure. It usually has no symptoms, but can lead to a variety of serious health problems. If an individual suffers from prehypertension, it means that they do not have high blood pressure now but they are likely to develop it in the future. Hypertension and prehypertension can be controlled through healthy lifestyle habits and through medication, if needed. Two numbers are used in reading an individual s blood pressure: systolic and diastolic pressure. A reading of 120/80 or lower is considered normal blood pressure. 140/90 or higher is deemed high. If the reading for the top number is between 120 and 139, or between 80 and 89 for the bottom number, the individual suffers from prehypertension. Metabolic Syndrome: Metabolic syndrome is a combination of medical disorders that increases that increases one s risk of coronary heart disease and other diseases such as diabetes. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by risk factors including: abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, abnormal cholesterol, high blood pressure, prothrombotic state and proinflammatory state. 4

5 Cholesterol: Total, HDL (good) and LDL (bad) cholesterol levels are tested as part of the full lipid panel. While having cholesterol is normal and an important part of a healthy body, an abnormal cholesterol level is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Total Cholesterol is the total count of both HDL and LDL. While it should be less than 200 mg/dl, what is more important is the ratio of HDL to LDL. HDL Cholesterol keeps the arteries lubricated, and keeps build-up and blockages from forming. Normal levels are greater than 45 mg/dl. LDL Cholesterol is the main source of build-up or blockages in the arteries. Normal levels should be less that 130 mg/dl. Triglycerides: Triglycerides are another form of fat in the blood stream. Elevated triglycerides can be due to overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, cigarette smoking, excess alcohol consumption, and a diet very high in carbohydrates (60 percent of total calories or more). Abnormally high levels are a risk factor for stoke and coronary heart disease. Normal levels are less than 150 mg/dl. Diabetes/Prediabetes: Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not properly produce or use insulin. Individuals who suffer from diabetes are at greater risk of having a heart attack earlier in life and death is often the result. In fact, 65% of individuals with diabetes die from heart disease or stroke. A fasting blood glucose test, as performed as part of the full lipid panel, is one method to screen for diabetes. Prediabetes is a condition when blood glucose levels are higher than normal but are not high enough to be considered diabetic. Before people develop type 2 diabetes, most suffer from prediabetes. Research has shown that if blood glucose levels are managed correctly, an individual can delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes. 5

6 Participant Demographics Gender Distribution Gender Number % Male Female Total Age Distribution Age (years) Number % > Total Ethnicity Distribution Race Number % White Black Asian Hispanic Others Total

7 Screening Results Figure 1 shows the number and percentage of County of Sonoma participants suffering from health conditions and risk factors linked to heart disease and stroke. These percentages are compared to the national average of a population with the same age and sex demographics as the group screened at County of Sonoma. The numbers highlighted in red indicate areas in which the participants screened are less healthy than the national average. Figure 1: Health Status and Risk Factor Distribution: Screening Event Participant Results Compared with the National Average Clinical Measures with Yes/No Values Diagnosed (self-reported) diseases Coronary Heart Disease Stroke Other Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Failure Diabetes On antihypertensive medication On lipid-lowering medication Physical exercise level Low Moderate High Current smoker Overweight (BMI kg/m2) Obese (BMI >= 30 kg/m2) Large waist measurement (males > 40", females > 35") Prehypertensive (>= 120/80 and < 140/90 mmhg) Hypertensive (>= 140/90 mmhg) Metabolic syndrome*** Total cholesterol >= 200 mg/dl HDL < 40 mg/dl LDL >= 130 mg/dl LDL >= ATP III suggested goal Triglyceride >= 150 mg/dl Undiagnosed diabetic (glucose >= 126 mg/dl) Prediabetic (100 <= glucose < 126 mg/dl) Number of individuals Percentage* (%) National Average** (%)

8 Health Status and Risk Factor Distribution (Continued): Clinical Measures with Numerical Values Population Mean Population SD**** National Average Weight (lbs) BMI (kg/m2) Waist (inches) Systolic blood pressure (mmhg) Diastolic blood pressure (mmhg) Total cholesterol (mg/dl) HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) Triglyceride (mg/dl) Fasting glucose (mg/dl) * Numbers in red indicate that the population may be less healthy than the National Average. ** The National Average is derived form the NHANES population and it is weighted by the age and gender distribution of the study population. In other words, the National Average is the average value among a national sample that have the same age and gender distribution as the study population. *** Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed based on the ATP III guideline criteria. **** SD stands for Standard Deviation Based upon the above screening results, the onset of disease in County of Sonoma screening participants is projected as seen in figures 2 through 5. The total number of cases represents the projected number of participants that will be diagnosed with disease onset in the next five years. The excess cases are the number of participants that can avoid this if all modifiable risk factors are brought within the normal range. For example, as shown in figure 2, 1.3 participants are predicted to develop type 2 diabetes within the next five years; 0.9 of the cases are avoidable. Modifiable risk factors can include, but are not limited to: weight, body mass index, cholesterol, glucose and blood pressure. As can bee seen in the figures below, most cases of disease are largely preventable. The numbers highlighted in red indicate areas in which the participants screened are less healthy than the national average. 8

9 Figures 2-5: Screening Event Participants Projected Total & Excess Cases of Disease Onset within Next Five Years and Comparisons* with National Average Type 2 Diabetes Coronary Heart Disease Total Avoidable Total Avoidable Study Population National Average Study Population National Average Stroke Heart Failure Total Avoidable Total Avoidable Study Population National Average Study Population National Average * The study population may be less healthy than the National Average when numbers are shown in red. ** Total cases are the projected number of new cases in the next 5 years in the study population *** Excess cases are the cases that can be avoided in the next 5 years, if all modifiable risk factors are brought within the normal range. 9