AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Transcription

1 ASME B (Revision of ASME B ) Process Piping ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

2 Date of Issuance: December 31, 2008 The next edition of this Code is scheduled for publication in This Code will become effective 6 months after the Date of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition. ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Code. Interpretations, Code Cases, and errata are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at as they are issued. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not approve, rate, or endorse any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY Copyright 2008 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.

3 CONTENTS Foreword... Committee Personnel... Introduction... Summary of Changes... Chapter I Scope and Definitions General Statements... 1 Chapter II Design Part 1 Conditions and Criteria Design Conditions Design Criteria Part 2 Pressure Design of Piping Components General Pressure Design of Components Part 3 Fluid Service Requirements for Piping Components Pipe Fittings, Bends, Miters, Laps, and Branch Connections Valves and Specialty Components Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, and Gaskets Bolting Part 4 Fluid Service Requirements for Piping Joints General Welded Joints Flanged Joints Expanded Joints Threaded Joints Tubing Joints Caulked Joints Soldered and Brazed Joints Special Joints Part 5 Flexibility and Support Piping Flexibility Piping Support Part 6 Systems Specific Piping Systems Chapter III Materials General Requirements Materials Miscellaneous Chapter IV Standards for Piping Components Dimensions and Ratings of Components Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection General Welding Preheating Heat Treatment Bending and Forming Brazing and Soldering Assembly and Erection iii xi xiii xvii xix

4 Chapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing Inspection Examination Examination Personnel Examination Procedures Types of Examination Testing Records Chapter VII Nonmetallic Piping and Piping Lined With Nonmetals A300 General Statements Part 1 Conditions and Criteria A301 Design Conditions A302 Design Criteria Part 2 Pressure Design of Piping Components A303 General A304 Pressure Design of Piping Components Part 3 Fluid Service Requirements for Piping Components A305 Pipe A306 Fittings, Bends, Miters, Laps, and Branch Connections A307 Valves and Specialty Components A308 Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, and Gaskets A309 Bolting Part 4 Fluid Service Requirements for Piping Joints A310 General A311 Bonded Joints in Plastics A312 Flanged Joints A313 Expanded Joints A314 Threaded Joints A315 Tubing Joints A316 Caulked Joints A318 Special Joints Part 5 Flexibility and Support A319 Flexibility of Nonmetallic Piping A321 Piping Support Part 6 Systems A322 Specific Piping Systems Part 7 Materials A323 General Requirements A325 Materials Miscellaneous Part 8 Standards for Piping Components A326 Dimensions and Ratings of Components Part 9 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection A327 General A328 Bonding of Plastics A329 Fabrication of Piping Lined With Nonmetals A332 Bending and Forming A334 Joining Nonplastic Piping A335 Assembly and Erection Part 10 Inspection, Examination, and Testing A340 Inspection A341 Examination A342 Examination Personnel A343 Examination Procedures iv

5 A344 Types of Examination A345 Testing A346 Records Chapter VIII Piping for Category M Fluid Service M300 General Statements Part 1 Conditions and Criteria M301 Design Conditions M302 Design Criteria Part 2 Pressure Design of Metallic Piping Components M303 General M304 Pressure Design of Metallic Components Part 3 Fluid Service Requirements for Metallic Piping Components M305 Pipe M306 Metallic Fittings, Bends, Miters, Laps, and Branch Connections M307 Metallic Valves and Specialty Components M308 Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, and Gaskets M309 Bolting Part 4 Fluid Service Requirements for Metallic Piping Joints M310 Metallic Piping, General M311 Welded Joints in Metallic Piping M312 Flanged Joints in Metallic Piping M313 Expanded Joints in Metallic Piping M314 Threaded Joints in Metallic Piping M315 Tubing Joints in Metallic Piping M316 Caulked Joints M317 Soldered and Brazed Joints M318 Special Joints in Metallic Piping Part 5 Flexibility and Support of Metallic Piping M319 Flexibility of Metallic Piping M321 Piping Support Part 6 Systems M322 Specific Piping Systems Part 7 Metallic Materials M323 General Requirements M325 Materials Miscellaneous Part 8 Standards for Piping Components M326 Dimensions and Ratings of Components Part 9 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection of Metallic Piping M327 General M328 Welding of Metals M330 Preheating of Metals M331 Heat Treatment of Metals M332 Bending and Forming of Metals M335 Assembly and Erection of Metallic Piping Part 10 Inspection, Examination, Testing, and Records of Metallic Piping M340 Inspection M341 Examination M342 Examination Personnel M343 Examination Procedures M344 Types of Examination M345 Testing M346 Records v

6 Parts 11 Through 20, Corresponding to Chapter VII MA300 General Statements Part 11 Conditions and Criteria MA301 Design Conditions MA302 Design Criteria Part 12 Pressure Design of Nonmetallic Piping Components MA303 General MA304 Pressure Design of Nonmetallic Components Part 13 Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Piping Components MA305 Pipe MA306 Nonmetallic Fittings, Bends, Miters, Laps, and Branch Connections MA307 Valves and Specialty Components MA308 Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, and Gaskets MA309 Bolting Part 14 Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Piping Joints MA310 General MA311 Bonded Joints MA312 Flanged Joints MA313 Expanded Joints MA314 Threaded Joints MA315 Tubing Joints in Nonmetallic Piping MA316 Caulked Joints MA318 Special Joints Part 15 Flexibility and Support of Nonmetallic Piping MA319 Piping Flexibility MA321 Piping Support Part 16 Nonmetallic and Nonmetallic Lined Systems MA322 Specific Piping Systems Part 17 Nonmetallic Materials MA323 General Requirements Part 18 Standards for Nonmetallic and Nonmetallic Lined Piping Components MA326 Dimensions and Ratings of Components Part 19 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection of Nonmetallic and Nonmetallic Lined Piping MA327 General MA328 Bonding of Plastics MA329 Fabrication of Piping Lined With Nonmetals MA332 Bending and Forming MA334 Joining Nonplastic Piping MA335 Assembly and Erection Part 20 Inspection, Examination, Testing, and Records of Nonmetallic and Nonmetallic Lined Piping MA340 Inspection MA341 Examination MA342 Examination Personnel MA343 Examination Procedures MA344 Types of Examination MA345 Testing MA346 Records Chapter IX High Pressure Piping K300 General Statements Part 1 Conditions and Criteria K301 Design Conditions K302 Design Criteria vi

7 Part 2 Pressure Design of Piping Components K303 General K304 Pressure Design of High Pressure Components Part 3 Fluid Service Requirements for Piping Components K305 Pipe K306 Fittings, Bends, and Branch Connections K307 Valves and Specialty Components K308 Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, and Gaskets K309 Bolting Part 4 Fluid Service Requirements for Piping Joints K310 General K311 Welded Joints K312 Flanged Joints K313 Expanded Joints K314 Threaded Joints K315 Tubing Joints K316 Caulked Joints K317 Soldered and Brazed Joints K318 Special Joints Part 5 Flexibility and Support K319 Flexibility K321 Piping Support Part 6 Systems K322 Specific Piping Systems Part 7 Materials K323 General Requirements K325 Miscellaneous Materials Part 8 Standards for Piping Components K326 Dimensions and Ratings of Components Part 9 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection K327 General K328 Welding K330 Preheating K331 Heat Treatment K332 Bending and Forming K333 Brazing and Soldering K335 Assembly and Erection Part 10 Inspection, Examination, and Testing K340 Inspection K341 Examination K342 Examination Personnel K343 Examination Procedures K344 Types of Examination K345 Leak Testing K346 Records Figures Diagram Illustrating Application of B31.3 Piping at Equipment Stress Range Factor, f Nomenclature for Pipe Bends Nomenclature for Miter Bends Branch Connection Nomenclature Extruded Outlet Header Nomenclature Blanks A Moments in Bends B Moments in Branch Connections vii

8 A Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials B Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature Without Impact Testing Typical Backing Rings and Consumable Inserts Typical Butt Weld End Preparation Trimming and Permitted Misalignment Preparation for Branch Connections A Fillet Weld Size B Typical Details for Double-Welded Slip-On and Socket Welding Flange C Attachment Welds Minimum Welding Dimensions for Socket Welding Components Other Than Flanges A Typical Welded Branch Connections B Typical Welded Branch Connections C Typical Welded Branch Connections D Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Welds E Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Suitable for 100% Radiography Typical Fabricated Laps Typical Threaded Joints Using Straight Threads Typical Weld Imperfections A328.5 Typical Plastic Piping Joints K Example of an Acceptable Impact Test Specimen K Pipe Bored for Alignment: Trimming and Permitted Misalignment K Some Acceptable Welded Branch Connections Suitable for 100% Radiography Tables Status of Appendices in B C Increased Casting Quality Factors, E c D Acceptance Levels for Castings Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor, E j Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor, W Values of Coefficient Y for t < D BPV Code References for Closures Permissible Sizes/Rating Classes for Slip-On Flanges Used as Lapped Flanges Minimum Thickness of Male Threaded Components Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Metals A Tabular Values for Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials Impact Testing Requirements for Metals Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction Minimum Required Charpy V-Notch Impact Values Component Standards Preheat Temperatures Requirements for Heat Treatment Acceptance Criteria for Welds and Examination Methods for Evaluating Weld Imperfections A Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Nonmetals A C A Recommended Temperature Limits for Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe Recommended Temperature Limits for Thermoplastics Used as Linings A326.1 Component Standards A Acceptance Criteria for Bonds viii

9 K D Acceptable Severity Levels for Steel Castings K Required Ultrasonic or Eddy Current Examination of Pipe and Tubing for Longitudinal Defects K Impact Testing Requirements K Minimum Required Charpy V-Notch Impact Values K326.1 Component Standards K Acceptance Criteria for Welds Appendices A Allowable Stresses and Quality Factors for Metallic Piping and Bolting Materials Specification Index for Appendix A Notes for Appendix A Tables Table A-1 Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metals Iron Castings Carbon Steel Pipes and Tubes Pipes (Structural Grade) Plates, Bars, Shapes, and Sheets Plates, Bars, Shapes, and Sheets (Structural) Forgings and Fittings Castings Low and Intermediate Alloy Steel Pipes Plates Forgings and Fittings Castings Stainless Steel Pipes and Tubes Plates and Sheets Forgings and Fittings Bar Castings Copper and Copper Alloy Pipes and Tubes Plates and Sheets Forgings Castings Nickel and Nickel Alloy Pipes and Tubes Plates and Sheets Forgings and Fittings Rod and Bar Castings Titanium and Titanium Alloy Pipes and Tubes Plates and Sheets Forgings Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Pipes and Tubes Plates and Sheets Forgings and Bar Aluminum Alloy Seamless Pipes and Tubes Welded Pipes and Tubes Structural Tubes ix

10 Plates and Sheets Forgings and Fittings Castings Table A-1A Basic Casting Quality Factors, E c Table A-1B Basic Quality Factors for Longitudinal Weld Joints in Pipes, Tubes, and Fittings, E j Carbon Steel Low and Intermediate Alloy Steel Stainless Steel Copper and Copper Alloy Nickel and Nickel Alloy Titanium and Titanium Alloy Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Aluminum Alloy Table A-2 Design Stress Values for Bolting Materials Carbon Steel Alloy Steel Stainless Steel Copper and Copper Alloy Nickel and Nickel Alloy Aluminum Alloy B Stress Tables and Allowable Pressure Tables for Nonmetals C Physical Properties of Piping Materials D Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors E Reference Standards F Precautionary Considerations G Safeguarding H Sample Calculations for Branch Reinforcement J Nomenclature K Allowable Stresses for High Pressure Piping L Aluminum Alloy Pipe Flanges M Guide to Classifying Fluid Services P Alternative Rules for Evaluating Stress Range Q Quality System Program S Piping System Stress Analysis Examples V Allowable Variations in Elevated Temperature Service X Metallic Bellows Expansion Joints Z Preparation of Technical Inquiries Index x