ENTOMOLOGY FOR MASTER GARDENERS
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1 ENTOMOLOGY FOR MASTER GARDENERS Jean R. Natter Terminology Anatomy of insects & spiders Development 8 Common Insect Orders Identification key 2 RESOURCES 3 4 Modifier for online searches site:edu History (Client s story) Ask questions Request samples The critter(s) The damage Ask more questions Entomology J. R. Natter 1
2 soldier fly larvae Worm Grub Grub-worm worm grub grub-worm Scientific name Genus name (genera) species name (species) Common name Order (Jean R. Natter) 7 8 egg larva pupa adult egg nymph adult wing pads wings (Black cutworm David Shetlar, Ohio State University) egg 1 st - 6 th instars pupa adult (Hairy chinch bug: David Shetlar, Ohio State University) egg 1 st - 5th instars (nymphs) adult 9 10 INSECT ANATOMY (THE ORDER INSECTA) 1. Dorsal 2. Ventral 3. Lateral 4. Proximal 5. Distal 6. Anterior 7. Posterior Entomology J. R. Natter 2
3 3 body parts Head Thorax Abdomen 3 pair jointed legs head thorax abdomen attached to thorax on ventral surface forewings hindwings attached to thorax on dorsal surface 17 (J.R. Natter) Entomology J. R. Natter 3
4 head thorax abdomen true legs (Evergreen College) polyphemus moth head thorax abdomen prolegs prolegs with crochets true legs head (Flickr; Lord V) ( SPIDER ANATOMY (THE ORDER ARACHNIDA) ( Entomology J. R. Natter 4
5 cephalo-thorax abdomen female male attached to thorax on ventral surface Araneus species MOUTHPARTS Chewing Sucking piercing-sucking siphoning Rasping-sucking Chewing-lapping Entomology J. R. Natter 5
6 honeydew black vine root weevil (Ken Gray Images) ground beetle tiger beetle distortion aphid sooty mold ( UC Davis) (UMN) 31 (University of Alberta) spider mite (fine) leafhopper (coarse) lace bug If stink bugs: Dimple or pit w/corky at the base Butterflies; moths; skippers Mouth is a coiled tube No damage Damage at flowering or shortly afterward New pest: Marmorated stink bug (BMSB) (luky) (Virginia Tech Entomology J. R. Natter 6
7 8 INSECT ORDERS coleo = sheath Metamorphosis: complete Larva (some are called grubs) 3 pair of legs, usually Mouth: chewing Adult grub Wings: 2 pair Forewings: hard; straight line Hindwings: membranous Mouth: chewing (Diagrams: NCSU; photo: UKY) 39 (Top: David R. Maddison, U AZ; Bottom: Parks Canada) 40 (Ken Gray Images, OSU) (TAMU) (bugguide.net) Entomology J. R. Natter 7
8 derm = skin; leathery Metamorphosis: simple Larva (nymph) Resembles adult Wing pads Adult Wings: 2 pair Forewings short, squared Hindwings under forewings Abdomen exposed Cerci ( pincers ) Mouth: chewing (Ken Gray Images) di = two Metamorphosis: complete mosquito Larva (maggots & more) Maggots are worm-like Some lack legs Some lack head capsule Mouthparts chewing or hooks (NCSU) flesh fly fly maggot (NCSU) (UNL) Adult Wings: 1 pair & halteres Mouth: sponging; piercing haltere Spotted wing Drosophila; SWD 2009 Hosts ID Damage Management (Wikipedia) Entomology J. R. Natter 8
9 (now = Heteroptera) hemi = half Metamorphosis: simple Larva (nymph) Resembles adult Wing pads Adult Wings: 2 pair 1. Forewings: half hard, half not 2. Hindwings: membranous Triangle at base of forewings Mouth: piercing-sucking Antennae green stink bug adult nymph adult harlequin bug Azalea lace bug; ALB 2008 (official date) ID Hosts Damage Management nymph ( Peter J. Bryant, UCI) Entomology J. R. Natter 9
10 Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) 2008 ID 400 hosts Damage Management 56 (June Davidek, MG 2008) (USDA) (J.R. Natter) (Chris Bergh, Virginia Tech) 57 (EPA) 58 Elm seed bug Arocatus melanocephalus 2014 ID Feeds on elm seeds Nuisance pest Aphids Whiteflies Mealybugs Adelgids Scales Cicadas homo = same (mirror images) Metamorphosis: simple Entomology J. R. Natter 10
11 Larva (nymph) May resemble adult May have wing pads Adult Wings: 2 pair, or none Membranous May be held tent-like Mouth: sucking The producers: Aphids Mealybugs Soft scale Adelgids Whiteflies Sooty mold grows on honeydew aphid honeydew sooty mold cast skins phloem (D J Mackean) 63 (J.R. Natter) 64 ( ask.com) soft scale (NCSU) adult egg mass crawlers ( (Ken Gray Images) Photos, OSU) cottony scale soft scale (Ken Gray Images) Entomology J. R. Natter 11
12 hymen = membrane Metamorphosis: complete Larva Ants; bees; wasps: no legs Sawflies: 3 pair true legs, 6-8 pair prolegs (no crochets) 6-8 pair prolegs 3 pair true legs Adult Wings: 2 pair, or none Membranous Mouth: Chewing or sucking Pollinators; natural enemies; plant pests; & more honey bee bumble bee (Wikipedia) mason bee yellowjacket 69 (Ken Gray Images, OSU) (Ken Gray Images, OSU) 70 Egg to adult worker = 21 days ( Adult worker Day 1-2: Day 3-11: Clean cells Feed larvae Day 12-17: Cap larval cells Day 18 21: Guard hive entry Day 22-42: Forage Entomology J. R. Natter 12
13 Annual nest Yellow jackets Bald-faced hornets Bumble bees Solitary bees ground; mason; leaf cutter; etc Perennial nest Bees honey iso = equal Metamorphosis simple (J.R. Natter) 74 Larvae resemble adults Broad waist Wings: 2 pair; equal length; longer than body (HowStuffWorks) (J.R. Natter) ant termites Verify: Antennae Waist Wings lepido = scale Metamorphosis: complete Larva (caterpillar) 3 pair true legs 2-5 pair prolegs w/ crochets Mouth: chewing Hairstreak butterfly (California Academy of Sciences) Entomology J. R. Natter 13
14 (J.R. Natter) Adult (butterfly; moth) Wings: 2 pair; Colorful scales Mouth: siphoning Adults important as pollinators (NCSU) Predators Parasitoids Pathogens (Beneficial arthropods & diseases) Good news: They re already at your place! Entomology J. R. Natter 14
15 Ken Gray Images 86 fly egg USING A DICHOTOMOUS KEY cast skin 88 The key page 1 (J.R. Natter) 89 (Source: Insects, a Peterson s Field Guide) Entomology J. R. Natter 15
16 The key page 2 (Source: Insects, a Peterson s Field Guide) 91 (Source: Insects, a Peterson s Field Guide) 92 box elder bug stink bug leaf-footed bug Terminology Anatomy of insects & spiders Development 8 Common Insect Orders Identification key ENTOMOLOGY FOR MASTER GARDENERS Jean R. Natter 2017 Entomology J. R. Natter 16
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Date CEU's Contents Course # Distribution
2016 Approved On-line / CD/ Correspondence Courses [Updated Thursday, May 18, 2016] On-line Courses Note: The CEU s indicated with the special category specific indication can be used for the expansion
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