Decommissioning Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) Position: President of Disarmament Commission Sub-Commission 1
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1 Forum: Disarmament Commission Sub-Commission 1 Malaysian Model United Nations Issue: Decommissioning Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) Student Officer: Deep Leekha Position: President of Disarmament Commission Sub-Commission 1 Introduction Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles, or ICBMs as they are more commonly referred to, are missiles typically designed for the storage and delivery of nuclear materials. As such, the production of such missiles leads to a greater risk or possibility of a nuclear attack or large scale warfare. Such missiles are particularly deadly due to the fact that they can travel large distances and deliver their nuclear payload. In general, Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles have a range greater than 5,500 km or 3,418 miles. It is not easy to develop such missiles, which is why they are only possessed by a handful of countries. These missiles used to be slightly unpredictable and imprecise. This meant that the missiles could only be used to target large areas like cities. Through technological advances in military technology, these missiles have become faster, larger and more accurate. Which is why they pose as such a danger to the world. Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles are far superior to other missiles. This is because ICBMs are capable of traveling far faster than Theatre Ballistic Missiles. Furthermore, ICBMs can cover a far greater range than other missiles (being one of the few missiles capable of travelling further than 5,500 km). The first ICBM to be developed was the R-7 Semyorka. This ICBM was developed by the Soviet Union and was designed by Sergei Korolev. After this missile was produced, other countries recognized the ability to strengthen their military forces with the missile and so began the race for the development and production of ICBMs. Newer Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles are capable of dropping multiple payloads on multiple targets. This means that more countries are willing to allocate resources towards developing ICBMs because one missile can target multiple areas (this is cheaper than having to develop individual ICBMs which can only drop one payload). ICBMs can be deployed from a multitude of sources. Some of the most common sources of storage are submarines, military bases and even specially designed armored trucks. MYMUN Research Report Page 1 of 5
2 Definition of Key Terms Intercontinental Ballistic Missile An Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles is a missile capable of traveling a minimum of 5,500 km (3,418 miles). Such a missile is known for carrying and dropping nuclear payloads. Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicle (MIRV) A MIRV is a payload that contains multiple warheads. Each warhead can be programed to target a separate location. Theatre Ballistic Missiles Theatre Ballistic Missiles are missiles that have a range between 300 km and 3,500 km. Both Medium-Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBMs) and Short-Range Ballistic Missiles (SRBMs) are a part of the group known as Theatre Ballistic Missiles. Background Information History Origin The Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) dates back to the Nazi period in Germany, where the first ICBM was designed. The design was constructed by a group working on a project called Projekt Amerika. They intended to use the ICBM to bomb American cities. They were not, in fact, able to develop the ICBM. On the 21 st of August, the world saw the first successful ICBM test conducted by the USSR. The R-7 Semyorka or simply R-7 as it is often shortened to traveled over 6,000 kilometers. This test would change the world forever by completely revolutionizing military technology and strategy. Relevant countries The Intercontinental Ballistic Missile is one of the world s most feared weapons. It is because of this that many countries have and are still undertaking projects to build their own ICBMs. While the USSR was the first one to develop and successfully test an ICBM, the USA followed in close suit. On the 9 th of July 1959, the United States of America had their first successful ICBM test with the Atlas D missile. Currently all the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (France, the USA, the UK, China and the Russian Federation) possess Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles. India too possesses ICBMs as does Israel. MYMUN Research Report Page 2 of 5
3 Caption #1: The R-7 Semyorka, the world s first Intercontinental Ballistic Missil) Modern day ICBMs Technology As more and more resources are being allocated towards the research into ICBMs and how to improve upon them, the world has seen a significant change in ICBM technology. More and more Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles are being equipped with Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs). This technology allows for an ICBM to carry multiple payloads and drop them in different locations. Aside from this MIRV addition to ICBMs, the Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles are also getting faster and are becoming able to cover larger distances. Many ICBMs are now able to cover distances of up to 15,000 kilometers. Prevention As Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles are so deadly, many steps are being taken in order to prevent ICBM attacks. All of the countries that own ICBMs as well as countries that don t are now researching and developing anti-ballistic missiles. The United States of America, France, the Russian Federation, India, China, the United Kingdom and Israel have all developed such antiballistic missiles. These missiles are launched into the atmosphere when an opposing missile is detected. The anti-ballistic missile then destroys the other missile (destroying itself as well). MYMUN Research Report Page 3 of 5
4 Timeline of Events Date August 21, 1957 July 9, 1959 Description of event First successful ICBM test was conducted by the USSR First successful ICBM test conducted by the United States of America 1972 SALT Treaty stopped the production of ICBM launchers by Russia and the USA UN Involvement, Relevant Resolutions, Treaties and Events Due to the fact that Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles are so deadly, organizations and countries throughout the world have been taking the relevant steps to diminish the harms that they can possibly cause. The United Nations has passed many resolutions dealing with the issue. Proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, 28 April 2004 (S/RES1540) Condemning acts of terror, 28 September 2001 (S/RES/1373) Proliferation of nuclear weapons, 9 June 2010 (Resolution 1929) MYMUN Research Report Page 4 of 5
5 Bibliography Boldini. R Public, USSR. Encyclopedia Astronautica. "Encyclopedia Astronautica R-7." R-7. Encyclopedia Astronautica, Web. 07 Feb < Encyclopedia Britannica. "ICBM Missile." Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, Web. 20 Feb < FAS. "Intercontinental Ballistic and Cruise Missiles." ICBM Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles. Webmaster, 6 Nov Web. 20 Feb < Historic Spacecraft. "Soviet and Russian Rockets." Historic Spacecraft. Historic Spacecraft, Web. 20 Feb < Kable. "The 10 Longest Range Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM)." Army Technology. Kable, Web. 20 Feb < Lapowsky, Issie. "Facebook Launches 'Lite' App for Users in the Developing World WIRED." Wired.com. Conde Nast Digital, 26 Jan Web. 03 Feb < MYMUN Research Report Page 5 of 5
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