AP LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION SUMMER ASSIGNMENT

Transcription

1 AP LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION SUMMER ASSIGNMENT The summer assignment is an intensive English vocabulary terminology study. During this course, you will be expected to memorize all 76 literature/language terms by the end of the year. Future vocabulary tests will be given on these terms (these vocab tests are not multiple choice). 1) Obtain a 3-ring binder. It can be any size, but it must be able to accommodate 76 pieces of blank unlined paper (you can use computer paper or something similar). 2) For each of the 76 words in the vocabulary terms list, you must: a. number the pages 1-76 and place them in the order listed in the chart below. b. write down the word c. write down the definition d. write an example of the term e. draw an illustration that represents the meaning of the word. i. Many of the illustrations will be abstract or creative works. ii. The illustrations are expected to show effort on your part and must be done in color. iii. Attempt to fill the page. * Your summer assignment will be graded on having the required elements listed above and the effort you put into communicating the meaning of the term. Simple stick drawings will not be acceptable, but you can use clippings from magazines, your own artistic talents, internet research/examples, and (appropriate) images from the internet to fill the page. Every word must be given its own page. In addition to this assignment, you will be required to read Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave by Frederick Douglass. Be prepared to have an assignment based on this reading the first week of school. Mrs. Rebekah Kershaw AP Language and Composition

2 English Terms List: 1) Ad Hominem 21) Detail 41) Narrative 61) Rhythm/Beat/Movement 2) Allegory 22) Diction 42) Non Sequitur 62) Satire 3) Alliteration 23) Didactic 43) Onomatopoeia 63) Setting 4) Allusion 24) Endnote 44) Oxymoron 64) Simile 5) Analogy 25) Ethos 45) Paradox 65) Stream-of- Consciousness 6) Analysis 26) Euphemism 46) Parallel 66) Syllogism Structure 7) Anaphora 27) Exposition 47) Parody 67) Symbol 8) Anecdote 28) Extended 48) Pathos 68) Synecdoche Metaphor 9) Antithesis 29) Fallacy 49) Periodic 69) Syntax 10) Aphorism 30) Foreshadow 50) Personification 70) Temporal 11) Apostrophe 31) Hyperbole 51) Point of view: 71) Theme 1 st Person 12) Argumentation 32) Imagery 52) Point of view: 72) Thesis 2 nd Person 13) Assertion 33) Inversion 53) Point of view: 73) Tone 3 rd Person Limited 14) Begging the Question 34) Irony 54) Point of view: 3 rd Person 74) Understatement Omniscient 15) Colloquial 35) Juxtapose 55) Post Hoc 75) Validity 16) Compare and 36) Logos 56) Qualify Contrast 17) Connotation 37) Metaphor 57) Red Herring 18) Cumulative 38) Metonymy 58) Repetition 19) Denotation 39) Mood 59) Rhetoric 20) Description 40) Motif 60) Rhetorical Question

3 1) Ad Hominem 1. Appealing to one s prejudices, emotions, or special interests rather than to one s intellect or reason. 2. attacking an opponent s character rather than answering his argument. 2) Allegory 1. A representation of an abstract or spiritual meaning through concrete or material forms; figurative treatment of one subject under the guise of another. 2. A symbolic narrative. 3. Emblem 3) Alliteration The commencement of two or more stressed syllables of a word group either with the same consonant sound or sound group like from stem to stern. 4) Allusion a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either directly or by implication. 5) Analogy agreement or similarity, especially in a certain limited number of features or details. 6) Analysis a philosophical method of exhibiting complex concepts or propositions as compounds or functions of more basic ones. 7) Anaphora repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences. 8) Anecdote a short account of a particular incident or event, especially of an amusing or interesting nature. 9) Antithesis the direct opposite 10) Aphorism a terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation,. Ex: Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Lord Acton 11) Apostrophe The sign ( ) as used to indicate the omission of one or more letters in a word, whether unpronounced, as in o er for over or pronounced as in gov t for government; to indicate possessive case as in man s; or to indicate plurals of abbreviations or symbols as in several M.D. s or 9 s. 12) Argumentation the process of developing or presenting an argument; reasoning. 13) Assertion a positive statement or declaration, often without support or reason 14) Begging the question a form of logical fallacy in which a statement or claim is assumed to be true without evidence other than the statement or claim itself. 15) Colloquial characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal. 16) Compare and contrast pertaining to a written exercise about the similarities and differences between two or more people, places, or things. 17) Connotation (a) the associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning (b) the suggesting of additional meanings by a word or expression apart from its literal meaning. 18) Cumulative sentence an independent clause followed by a series of subordinate constructions that gather details about a person, place, event, or idea. 19) Denotation the explicit or direct meaning or set of meanings of a word or expression, as distinguished from the ideas or meanings associated with it or suggested by it. 20) Description a statement, picture in words, or account that describes 21) Detail an individual or minute point; and item or particular 22) Diction style of speaking or writing as dependent upon choice of words 23) Didactic inclined to teach or lecture others too much; intended for instruction; teaching or intending to teach a moral lesson

4 24) Endnote a note, as of explanation, emendation, or or the like, added at the end of an article, chapter, etc. 25) Ethos 1. the fundamental character or spirit of a culture; the underlying sentiment that informs the beliefs, customs, or practices of a group or society; dominant assumptions of a people or period. 2. The character or disposition of a community, group, person, etc. 3. The moral element in dramatic literature that determines a character s action rather than his or her thought or emotion. 26) Euphemism the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt. 27) Exposition writing or speech primarily intended to convey information or to explain; a detailed statement or explanation. 28) Extended metaphor a metaphor introduced and then further developed throughout all or part of a literary work, especially a poem 29) Fallacy 1. a deceptive, misleading, or false notion, belief, etc.; 2. Any of various types of erroneous reasoning that render arguments logically unsound. 30) Foil - In literature, a foil is a character that shows qualities that are in contrast with the qualities of another character with the objective to highlight the traits of the other character. The term foil, though generally being applied for a contrasting character, may also be used for any comparison that is drawn to portray a difference between two things. 31) Foreshadow to show or indicate beforehand; prefigure 32) Hyperbole obvious and intentional exaggeration 33) Imagery the formation of mental images, figures, or likenesses of things, or of such images collectively 34) Inversion reversal of the usual or natural order of words 35) Irony 1. the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite if its literal meaning 2. An outcome of events contrary to what was, or might have been, expected 36) Juxtapose to place close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast 37) Logos the rational principle that governs and develops the universe 38) Metaphor 1. a figure of speech in which a term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance; 2. Something used or regarded as being used, to represent something else. 39) Metonymy a figure of speech that consists of the use of the name of one object or concept for that of another to which it is related or of which it is a part, such as count heads for count people. 40) Mood 1. a state or quality of feeling at a particular time 2. A distinctive emotional quality or character 3. A prevailing emotional tone or general attitude 4. A frame of mind disposed or receptive, as to some activity or thing 5. A state of sullenness, gloom, or bad temper. 41) Motif a recurring subject, theme, idea, etc. especially in a literary, artistic, or musical work 42) Narrative a story or account of events, experiences, or the like, whether true or fictitious 43) Non Sequitur 1. an inference or conclusion that does not follow from the premises. 2. A statement containing an illogical conclusion. 44) Onomatopoeia the formation of a word, such as cuckoo, meow, honk, or boom, by imitation of a sound made by or associated with its referent.

5 45) Oxymoron a figure of speech by which a locution produces an incongruous, seemingly self-contradictory effect, as in cruel kindness or to make hast slowly. 46) Paradox a statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. 47) Parallel structure the same pattern of words is used to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. 48) Parody a humorous or satirical imitation of a serious piece of literature or writing 49) Pathos the quality or power in an actual life experience or in literature, music, speech, or other forms of expression, of evoking a feeling of pity or compassion. 50) Periodic sentence a sentence that, by leaving the completion of its main clause to the end, produces an effect of suspense. Ex. Unable to go to a movie with my friends. I went to a movie instead. 51) Personification the attribution of human nature or character to animals, inanimate objects, or abstract notions, especially as a rhetorical figure. 52) Point of view: 1 st person the use of I, me, and we and other first-person pronouns to relate the thoughts, experiences, and observations of a narrator in a work of fiction. 53) Point of view: 2 nd person use of the imperative mood and the pronouns you, your, and yours to address a reader or listener directly. 54) Point of view: 3 rd person limited the narrator knows only the thoughts and feelings of a single character, while other characters are presented only externally. 55) Point of view: 3 rd person omniscient the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all the characters in the story. 56) Post Hoc the fallacy of assuming that temporal succession is evidence of causal relation 57) Qualify 1. To provide with proper or necessary skills, knowledge, credentials, etc. 2. To modify or limit in some way; to make less strong or positive 3. To make less violent, severe, or unpleasant 5. To attribute some quality or qualities to; characterize, call, or name 58) Red herring something intended to divert attention from the real problem or matter at hand; a misleading clue 59) Repetition the act of repeating; repeated action, performance, production, or presentation 60) Rhetoric the art or science of all specialized literary uses of language in prose or verse, including the figures of speech; the study and effective use of language 61) Rhetorical question a question asked solely to produce and effect or to make an assertion and not to elicit a reply. 62) Rhythm/beat/movement a patterned repetition of a motif, formal element, etc., at regular or irregular intervals in the same or a modified form; the effect produced in a play, film, novel, etc., by the combination or arrangement of formal elements, as the length of the scenes, speech and description, timing, or recurrent themes, to create movement, tension, and emotional value in the development of the plot. 63) Satire the use of irony, sarcasm, ridicule, or the like, in exposing, denouncing, or deriding vice, folly, etc. 64) Setting the surroundings or environment of anything 65) Simile a figure of speech in which two unlike things are explicitly compared as in, she is like a rose.

6 66) Stream-of-consciousness of, pertaining to, or characterized by a manner of writing in which a character s thoughts or perceptions are presented as occurring in random form, without regard to logical sequences, syntactic structure, distinctions between various levels of reality, or the like. 67) Syllogism a subtle or deceptive piece of reasoning 68) Symbol something used for or regarded as representing something else; a material object representing something, often immaterial; emblem, token, sign 69) Synecdoche a figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole, or the whole for a part, the special for the general, or the general for the special such as ten sail for ten ships 70) Syntax the study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language. 71) Temporal of or pertaining to time 72) Theme a subject of discourse, discussion, meditation, or composition; topic 73) Thesis a proposition stated or put forward for consideration, especially one to be discussed and proved or to be maintained against objections 74) Tone a particular quality, way of sounding, modulation, or intonation of the voice as expressive of some meaning, feeling, spirit, etc. 75) Understatement the act or instance of understating, or representing in a weak or restrained way that is not borne out by the facts. 76) Validity based on truth

7 English Terms List: 1) Ad Hominem 21) Detail 41) Motif 61) Rhetorical Question 2) Allegory 22) Diction 42) Narrative 62) Rhythm/Beat/Movement 3) Alliteration 23) Didactic 43) Non Sequitur 63) Satire 4) Allusion 24) Endnote 44) Onomatopoeia 64) Setting 5) Analogy 25) Ethos 45) Oxymoron 65) Simile 6) Analysis 26) Euphemism 46) Paradox 66) Stream-of- Consciousness 7) Anaphora 27) Exposition 47) Parallel 67) Syllogism Structure 8) Anecdote 28) Extended 48) Parody 68) Symbol Metaphor 9) Antithesis 29) Fallacy 49) Pathos 69) Synecdoche 10) Aphorism 30) Foil 50) Periodic 70) Syntax 11) Apostrophe 31) Foreshadow 51) Personification 71) Temporal 12) Argumentation 32) Hyperbole 52) Point of view: 72) Theme 1 st Person 13) Assertion 33) Imagery 53) Point of view: 73) Thesis 2 nd Person 14) Begging the 34) Inversion 54) Point of view: 74) Tone Question 3 rd Person Limited 15) Colloquial 35) Irony 55) Point of view: 3 rd Person Omniscient 75) Understatement 16) Compare and 36) Juxtapose 56) Post Hoc 76) Validity Contrast 17) Connotation 37) Logos 57) Qualify 18) Cumulative 38) Metaphor 58) Red Herring 19) Denotation 39) Metonymy 59) Repetition 20) Description 40) Mood 60) Rhetoric