Simple Machine Robots
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1 Simple Machine Robots Objectives Students will explore the vast use of robots in the world and beyond Students will examine how simple machines effect students lives Suggested Grade Level Sixth - Ninth Subject Area Science Physics Timeline Three 60 - min periods Background Teachers - Students need to have an understanding of robots in their lives including where/when we use robots and why we use them. Students also need to know that the purpose of machines is to make tasks easier for humans, decreasing the force a person has to apply. Students Know the background of the above elements. Materials Chalkboard Computers with Internet Physical Science Books Tape Glue Scissors A variety of household items: Toilet paper rolls Paper towel rolls Popsicle sticks Tongue depressors String Straw Soda cans Water bottles Lids Egg cartons Plastic cuos Brads Plastic silverware Lesson 1. Vocabulary Machine A device consisting of fixed and moving parts that modifies mechanical energy and transmits it in a more useful form. Robot A mechanical device that sometimes resembles a human and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks on command or by being programmed in advance. Endeffector The part at the end of a robot s arm that can perform a task.
2 2. DAY 1 a. Discuss with students how they use machines in their lives everyday, including examples. b. Explain that these machines are made of different components with the purpose of making tasks easier. c. Complete worksheet Simple Machines. (directions on sheet) d. Write the different simple machines on the board and write different human body parts for each machine (if any) e. Explain that most machines are complex machines, made up of different simple machines. 3. DAY 2 a. Ask students to brainstorm what makes something a robot and share ideas. b. In pairs/groups students will create a definition of a robot. Write the key ideas on the board. c. Write down the definition of a robot ( A mechanical device that sometimes resembles a human and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks on command or by being programmed in advance [Space Technologies, Space Foundation Notes 2006]. Discuss the different components, specifically examples of each. d. Brainstorm (pair, share) a list of different robots and uses in students lives. e. Take a few of the machines and break it into the different components, specifically the simple machines involved. f. Students will now create their own robots that must include 3 different simple machines ( Creating your Robot worksheet i. Students will decide what task the robot will perform to make there life easier ii. What types of simple machine would help make this task easier? iii. Why would you use a robot in this situation rather than a human? iv. Diagram of the robot. Include at least 3 simple machines v. Paragraph explaining the components of the machine including how the simple machines work. 4. Supply a variety of household items for students to build a model of the robot. (Complete day 3) a. Have students share robots with the class. (Day 3)
3 Extensions 1. Calculate the machine efficiency of the robots. 2. Create different scenarios (help mankind, space exploration, and earth s interior exploration) in which students must create a robot that makes a task easier. Evaluation-assessment Students did explore the vast use of robots in the world and beyond Students did examine how simple machines effect students lives Evaluation will be assessed on accuracy of simple machines and examples. For the robot, students will be assessed on drawing and explanation and the creativity and effort of the robot and construction. Resources Notes from Space Technology for the Classroom presented by the Space Foundation.
4 Addendum 1 Simple Machines Directions: Use books and the internet to complete the following table. Simple Machine Lever Explanation of how the machine works Example Picture Pulley Inclined Plane Wheel and axle Screw Wedge
5 Addendum 2 Creating your Robot 1. What task do you want your robot to perform (something that would make it easier for humans)? 2. What simple machines could you use in this robot? How would you use them? 3. Why would you use a robot in this situation rather than a human?
6 4. Draw a diagram of your robot. You will be able to use all of the supplies in the front of the room. 4. Write a paragraph explaining your robot. Include the following information: a. What can your robot do? b. How does your robot complete these tasks? c. What are the simple machines used in this robot? d. How do these simple machines help humans? e. What are the benefits and the drawbacks to this robot? f. What are the benefits and drawbacks of robots in general?
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