Ancient Chinese Dynasties (see Chapter 6 for more information)

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1 Name: Period: Date: Chapter 14 China Chapter Notes Xia Dynasty Legendary first dynasty May not have been a true dynasty The Period of Disunion Ancient Chinese Dynasties (see Chapter 6 for more information) Shang Dynasty First real dynasty Used oracle bones and practiced human sacrifice The happy ax China split into several rival kingdoms, each ruled by military leaders, after the collapse of the This time of disorder is sometimes called Zhou Dynasty Longest lasting dynasty Warring States Period Time of philosophers: Lau Tzu (Laozi) and Confucius Section 1 China Reunifies Qin Dynasty China s first emperor Qin Shi Huang Di Unification of China Standardization of weights, measures, and currency Han Dynasty Organized government with Confucianism Education and Respect Civil Service Exams Period of Disunion Grand Canal There was both war and peaceful times during this period? True/false How did the Chinese culture change during this period? Empress Wu The Sui, Tang, and Song Who ended the period of disunion? How did he do it? What new dynasty did he then create? What important achievement was started during this dynasty?, what is it? The next new dynasty was, and it rose when One of the greatest rulers of this dynasty was and China grew to extend a large part of Who was Empress Wu? After the Tang dynasty fell what happened to China? What dynasty came after the Tang?

2 The Age of Buddhism Buddhism first came to China during the ; it originated from During the period of disunion people turned to Buddhism to take comfort in the teaching that Buddhism became so important in China that it became known as the What brought an end to the golden age of Buddhism? Advances in Agriculture Section 2 Tang and Song Achievements terracing (of fields) Chinese civilization has always been based on Grown in the north was Grown in the south was During the Song dynasty, Chinese agriculture grew because of such as: A new crop that farmers learned to grow at this time was Agricultural surpluses helped pay paper porcelain woodblock printing Food was scarce? True/False China s population grew quickly? True/False gunpowder Cities and Trade China s capital and largest city of the Tang dynasty was compass This capital city was a huge, busy Would you consider Chang an a cultural melting pot? Why or why not? paper money What two things made China very rich? What allowed Chinese to move goods and crops from distant agriculture places to cities? One important Chinese export was

3 What is maritime trade? Chinese opened its Pacific ports to foreign traders, this connected China to many Porcelain is Who became important members of Chinese society because of trade? Because of China s growth of trade and wealth, the Song invented Arts and Inventions Who was Li Qingzhao? What is woodblock printing? This invention changed how wars were fought by making explosives, bombs, and rockets?, which is One of the most useful achievements of Tang China was the invention of the, which is The three inventions above came from what dynasty? Another very important invention under the Song, was the, which is What was the other important invention during the Song dynasty? Confucianism Section 3 Confucianism and Government Confucianism What is the main philosophy in China? Confucius s teachings focused on The two basic principles of Confucius are: Confucius thought that everyone had a proper role to play in society; this order was maintained when Which dynasty officially suppressed Confucianism? Which dynasty then allowed it to become the official state philosophy? Neo- Confucianism scholar-official bureaucracy

4 What happened to Confucianism during the period of disunion? civil service As Buddhism became more popular in China, Confucianism lost some influence. What was the difference between Buddhism and Confucianism? What happened to Confucianism late in the Tang dynasty? During and after the Song dynasty, a new philosophy came about called How was Neo-Confucianism similar and different than the old philosophy? Similar: Different: Did Neo-Confucianism ever become the official government teaching? Yes/No Scholar-Officials What is a bureaucracy? What does service as a government official mean? What is a scholar-official? Do you think civil service examinations were a good way to choose government officials? Explain why or why not. The Mongol Empire Section 4 The Yuan and Ming Dynasties Genghis Khan Where did Mongols live before they attacked China? Who was Genghis Khan? What is the Mongol conquest? Who declared himself emperor of China and how? This began the dynasty; also called Kublai Khan Marco Polo Zheng He

5 How was life different under Mongol rule? Forbidden City Did Kublai Khan force Chinese people to accept Mongol ways of life? Yes/No Great Wall (changes made by Ming) Mongols even adopted some Chinese culture. Give an example Mongols placed heavy on Chinese. Where did this money go? isolationism What was the name of a famous Italian merchant during the Yuan Dynasty? Mongols wanted to expand even more, where did they decide to invade next? What two weaknesses combined with Chinese resentment helped bring down the Mongols? The Ming Dynasty After the defeat of the Mongols, who became emperor? What two great achievements were brought about during this period? Ming rulers also restored the famous China Under the Ming What two things changed dramatically under the Ming? The Ming government was similar to the and the China entered a period of, which is What two great consequences came from this isolation?

6 Period of Disunion Sui Dynasty AD AD Tang Dynasty Song Dynasty AD AD Yuan Dynasty (the Mongols) Ming Dynasty AD AD