Chapter 1. Introduction to Computer
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1 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer
2 Topic Definition of Computer Computer Basic Operations Categories of Computer Computer Parts Computer Basics Components Input Devices Output Devices Storage Devices Computer Software
3 What is Computer? Computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions. Computer is a programmable machine.
4 Computer Basic Operations Input Output Process Storage Control
5 Computer Basic Operations Input: It is the process of capturing or acquiring the information, or it is the process of accepting data or information, by using input the computer can do any process. Process: It is the transformation process to convert the input into output.
6 Computer Basic Operations Output: It is the result, which comes from the transformation process or it is the outcome of the process. Storing: It is the process of storing or retaining the data or information or instructions, so that the user can retain and retrieve it whenever required.
7 Computer Basic Operations Controlling: It is the process of directing the manner and sequence in which all the operations are to be performed.
8 Categories of Computer Mobile computer Microcomputer Mainframe Supercomputer
9 Categories of Computer Laptop Mobile Computer Tablet PDA Smartphone Carputer
10 Categories of Computer Microcomputer Desktop Workstation
11 Categories of Computer Mainframe
12 Categories of Computer Super Computer
13 Computer Parts Computer can be divided into two parts: Hardware Software Computer Hardware Software
14 Computer Parts Hardware System Unit Input Devices Output Devices Storage Devices Software Operating System Application Software Utility Software
15 System Unit The system unit is the core of a computer system. The most important of these components is the central processing unit (CPU), or microprocessor and random access memory (RAM). Almost every other part of your computer connects to the system unit using cables. The cables plug into specific ports (openings), typically on the back of the system unit. Hardware that is not part of the system unit is sometimes called a peripheral device or device.
16 System Unit
17 System Unit Motherboard Processor Memory Case Power supply Floppy drive Hard drive CD or DVD drive Video card Sound card Modem
18 System Unit Case The case is the frame or chassis that houses the motherboard, power supply, disk drives, adapter cards, and any other physical components in the system.
19 System Unit Motherboard Also known as main board, system board and planar. It connects all the components inside the computer case.
20 Motherboard System Unit
21 System Unit Processor The processor is often thought of as the "engine or brain of the computer. It's also called the CPU (central processing unit).
22 System Unit Memory The system memory is often called RAM (for random access memory). This is the primary memory, which holds all the programs and data the processor is using at a given time.
23 System Unit Power Supply The power supply feeds electrical power to every single part in the PC.
24 System Unit Floppy Drive The floppy drive is a simple, inexpensive, lowcapacity, removablemedia, magnetic-storage device.
25 System Unit Hard Drive The hard disk is the primary archival storage memory for the system.
26 System Unit CD or DVD Drive CD (compact disc) and DVD (digital versatile disc) drives are relatively high-capacity, removable media, drive optical drives; many recent systems include a rewriteable CD (CD-RW) along with or combined with a DVD-ROM drive.
27 System Unit Video Card The video card controls the information you see on the monitor.
28 System Unit Sound Card It enables the PC to generate complex sounds.
29 System Unit Modem / Network Card Component that allow the computer to connect to the network or the Internet.
30 Input Devices Any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to the computer. Allows the user to put data into the computer. Common input devices are: Keyboard Mouse Touchscreen Scanner Webcam
31 Input Devices Keyboard Mouse
32 Input Devices Touchscreen Scanner
33 Output Devices Any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by a computer to the outside world. Common output devices are: Monitor Printer Speakers Projector
34 Output Devices Printer Monitor
35 Output Devices Speakers Projector
36 Storage Devices Refers to computer components, devices, and recording media that capable of storing data. Examples of storage devices: Floppy disk Hard disk Pen drive Optical disk
37 Storage Devices Floppy disk Capacity: 1.44MB Portable Require floppy disk drive to read/write
38 Storage Devices Hard disk Capacity: 100GB 1TB Not portable
39 Storage Devices USB Flash drive Capacity: 8GB 1TB Portable
40 Storage Devices Optical disc Capacity: CD: 650MB DVD: 4.7GB BD: 25GB Portable Require optical disc drive
41 Computer Software Software is the collection of computer programs, procedures and documentation that performs different tasks on a computer system. Examples of computer software: Operating system Application software Utility software
42 Computer Software Operating System (OS) A collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is a vital component of the system software in a computer system.
43 Computer Software Operating System (OS) Examples: Windows Mac OS Linux Unix Android
44 Computer Software Application Software Application software, also known as an application or an app, is computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks.
45 Computer Software Application Software Examples Word processor Spreadsheet Database Management System Presentation software Graphic editor Video games
46 Computer Software Utility Software Utility software is designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer.
47 Computer Software Utility Software Examples: Antivirus Disk defragment Screensaver Disk cleaner File manager
48 Tutorial Answer all questions. 1. Define what computer is. 2. What are five basic computer operations? 3. What are four categories of computer? 4. Explain the difference between input device and output device. Give two examples for each devices. 5. Give four examples of Operating System.
49 Tutorial Identify the following computer components:
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