Sedimentary Rocks Most Sedimentary Rocks: Sediments are eroded from rocks, perhaps transported, deposited, then compacted and lithified (hardened and
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- Buddy Nelson
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1 Sedimentary Rocks Most Sedimentary Rocks: Sediments are eroded from rocks, perhaps transported, deposited, then compacted and lithified (hardened and turned into a sedimentary rock).
2 A Sedimentary Rock is.. rock formed from the lithification or crystallization of: 1. Minerals in solution 2. Organic remains 3. Materials produced by living things (biochemical) 4. Clastic Sediments (rock fragments of all sizes) So Sedimentary Rocks form through compacting and cementing of sediments.
3 Lithification-to harden and form rock (Deposition, Compaction, Cementation)
4 Silica Crystals
5 Crystallization- Solidification of dissolved minerals from solution.
6 Sediment- Rock fragments, dissolved minerals and remains of living and nonliving parts of plants and animals.
7 Lithification: Step 1 - Deposition Deposition (to lay down) happens when: the Transport Agent no longer has the energy/force required to carry the Sediment Determined by: Size/Weight of Sediments Amount of Energy/Force in Transport Agent
8 Lithification: Step 2 - Compaction
9 Lithification: Step 3 - Cementation
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11 Types of Sedimentary Rocks (Classified by formation) Clastic-Made of fragments of other rocks. Chemical-Made from dissolved minerals. Biochemical-Made by living things, but was never alive (seashells). Organic-Made of the organic remains of living things.
12 Clastic Sediments- Fragments of pre-existing rock.
13 Sediments from here
14 Alluvial Fan
15 Alluvial Sediments and braided stream
16 Gravel Bar
17 Tallus Pile
18 Glacial Sediment
19 Sand Bar
20 Chemical Sediments- Minerals in solution in water.
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25 Biochemical Sediments- Nonliving remains of plants and animals.
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29 Organic Sediments-remains of the living tissues of plants and animals.
30 Peat- Plant remains
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32 Examples of Sedimentary Rocks
33 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Clastic-Made of fragments of other rocks.
34 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Claystone Shale Conglomerate
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36 Clastic Sedimentary Rock Names: Sediment Particle Size Gravel Sand Silt Clay Conglomerate Sandstone Siltstone Shale
37 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Conglomerate and Breccia have gravels and cobbles (Coarse-grained) (Conglomerates have rounded clasts)
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39 (Breccia has angular clasts)
40 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Sandstones have sands (fine to coarse grained) Arkose
41 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Siltstones have silts (fine-grained)
42 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Mudstones have clays (very fine-grained)
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44 Sedimentary Rocks of Chemical Origin Chemical-Made from dissolved minerals.
45 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Precipitation and Evaporation
46 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Evaporites Gypsum Halite
47 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Evaporites Salt Flats
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49 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Carbonates The Carbonate Sedimenatary Rocks are composed of mostly Calcium Carbonate. The Carbonates are divided into: Inorganic Carbonates (chemical sedimentary rocks) And Biochemical Carbonates (contains remains of living things)
50 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Inorganic Carbonates Travertine
51 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Inorganic Carbonates
52 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Inorganic Carbonates Travertine
53 Travertine Stalactites
54 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Inorganic Carbonates
55 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Inorganic Carbonate Travertine
56 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Inorganic Carbonates Inorganic Limestone
57 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Biochemical Carbonates Biochemical-Made by living things, but was never alive (seashells). Stromatolitic Limestone (remains of photosynthetic process of algal blooms) Biochemical Limestone (shells)
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60 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Biochemical Carbonates Biochemical Limestone
61 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Biochemical Carbonates Coquina Chalk
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63 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Silica-based Sedimentary Rocks Chert (Flint) Nodules
64 Geodes
65 Sedimentary Rocks of Organic Origin Organic-Made of the organic remains of living things.
66 Organic Sedimentary Rock - Coal Peat
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68 So Remember... Sediments Are Classified Based On: 1. Origin and Composition (What they are made of).
69 Clastic
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73 Sediment Classification II Sediments Are Classified Based On: 2. Size of the sediment (clastic sediments range in size from clay to boulders)
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78 Gravel
79 Pebbles
80 S a n d
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85 Sediment Production Sediments are produced by: Weathering (breaking down) and Erosion (transport) of Parent material by: Chemical and Physical Processes.
86 Sediment Transport Wind Water Glaciers Gravity Volcanic Eruption
87 Shaping of Sediments
88 Sorting of Sediments Sediments are Sorted by their Transport Agents According to: S I z e of the Sediment
89 Sorting of Sediments Very Poorly Sorted Very Well Sorted
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91 Well or poorly sorted??
92 Well or poorly sorted??
93 Well or poorly sorted??
94 Sorting of Sediments: Glaciers
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99 Sedimentary Rock Structures
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101 Fossils: Molds
102 Fossils: Casts
103 Trilobite
104 Sedimentary Rocks are identified by their horizontal layers called.
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109 Sedimentary Formations
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112 Cross-Bedding Bedding Planes not Parallel
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117 Ripple Marks Beach River
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122 Mud Cracks
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