Grade Level: 1-2 Truth or Tails Pre-Lesson

Transcription

1 Grade Level: 1-2 Truth or Tails Pre-Lesson Time Allotment 45 minutes Materials World Map United States Map Map of each continent (optional) Globe Copy of map with rivers on transparency Per student: Print off outline of world map Print off of 5 labeled ocean puzzle pieces on blue construction paper Print off of 7 labeled continent puzzle pieces on green construction paper Marker or crayon Glue Scissors Per group: 3 land animal pictures 3 freshwater animal pictures 3 saltwater animal pictures that different animals live in the different habitats. Be able to understand that the oceans surround the continents and are all connected. Sunshine State Standards First Grade: SS.1.G.1.2; SS.1.G.1.3; SS.1.G.1.4; SS.1.G.1.5; SC.1.E.6.1; SC.1.E.6.2; SC.1.L.17.1 Second Grade: SS.2.G.1.1; SS.2.G.1.2; SS.2.G.1.3; SC.2.L.17.1; SC.2.L.17.2 Vocabulary Habitat: a place where a living thing lives Adaptation: a feature that helps a living thing survive in its habitat Gills: an adaptation to help an animal breathe and get oxygen out of the water Lungs: an adaptation to help an animal breathe and get oxygen out of the air Freshwater: an aquatic or water habitat without any salt dissolved in it Saltwater: a marine or water habitat with salt dissolved in it Advance Preparation Make copies of all the handouts. Print pictures of animals. Hang world and US maps OR have them ready to be displayed on a PowerPoint. Lesson Objectives Be able to distinguish between the land masses and water on a map or globe. Be able to identify at least two continents and two named oceans on a map. Be able to state the difference between saltwater and freshwater and understand Background Information Living things need three main things in order to survive: food, water, and space to grow or have protection. A place where an animal lives or an animal s home is called a habitat. All habitats provide food, water, and space for the animals and plants that live there. Different types of plants and animals live in different habitats. Because the habitats are different, living things have special features to help them survive in those habitats. The features that help a living thing survive in its habitat are called an adaptation. A fish needs to live in water. It cannot survive on land. One adaptation a fish has to help it survive in 1 The Florida Aquarium 2009

2 Grade Level: 1-2 Truth or Tails Pre-Lesson water is gills. The gills help get oxygen out of the water. Gills do not work on land. Gills are not able to get oxygen out of the air, so fish cannot breathe out of the water. A lizard lives on land and cannot survive in the water. A lizard has lungs as an adaptation like we do to get oxygen out of the air. We cannot use our lungs to get oxygen out of the water. This is why we have to come up and take a breath of air while we are swimming. A water lily needs a lot of water to survive. It would not be able to survive in an area without a lot of water. However, a cactus does not need a lot of water, so it can live where it is really dry. A cactus has an adaptation to store water in its trunk. This helps the cactus survive a long time between when it rains. There are different types of habitats, therefore, different types of animals that live all over the world. Earth is made up of water and land. Most of our planet is covered by water. There are two main types of water on our planet. There is the water in our oceans. The water in our oceans tastes salty because salt is dissolved in it. When we go to the beach we are visiting part of the ocean. That is why the water tastes salty when we visit the beach. Water that has salt dissolved in it is called saltwater. The other type of water is like the water we drink. It is found in ponds, lakes, rivers, and streams. This water does not taste salty because no salt is dissolved in the water. Water that does not have any salt is called freshwater. Most animals that live in saltwater cannot live in freshwater. Most animals that live in freshwater cannot live in saltwater. So, you will see different animals living in the ocean than you will see living in a pond. A whale needs to live in the salty ocean, a catfish needs to live in water with no salt. The rest of the Earth is made up of land. Initial Discussion There are seven continents or larger pieces of land on our planet. Show on the map the seven continents. We live in Florida. Teacher should point to Florida on the map. We always use capital letters for the first letter in each word of a continent. We are part of this large continent with Canada and Mexico and even the Arctic Circle/North Pole. Our continent is called North America. The large continent below us is called South America. At the very bottom of the map is a continent made out of ice in the South Pole. This continent is called Antarctica. Above Antarctica on the other side of the world is a large island called Australia. The largest continent in the world is Asia. Right beside Asia is Europe. Finally, right below Europe is Africa. All freshwater is found on our continents. There are five named oceans on our planet. Oceans are saltwater and surround our continents. Show on the five named oceans on the map. The largest ocean is the Pacific Ocean. It is between North America and Asia. On the map explain that it looks like there are two Pacific Oceans, but it is the same ocean. Show the Pacific Ocean on the globe and explain that to make a flat map the Pacific Ocean was split in two with half showing on one side, and the other half on the other. Between the other side of North America, where Florida is, and Europe and Africa is the Atlantic Ocean. Below Europe and Asia is the Indian Ocean. Around and above Antarctica is the Antarctic Ocean. Finally, around the Arctic Circle at the top of North America is the Arctic Ocean. 2 The Florida Aquarium 2009

3 Grade Level: 1-2 Truth or Tails Pre-Lesson Hands-On Activity Hand out an outline of the world map to each student. Explain that they will be putting together a puzzle of the continents and oceans in the world. 1. Pass out the green, labeled continent handout. Instruct the students to cut out each shape and glue where it belongs on their world map. 2. Next pass out the blue, labeled ocean handouts. Instruct students to cut out the oceans and to manipulate the pieces until they all fit properly, then to glue them down. Give them the hint to look at the world map for clues of which ocean belongs where. Remember that there are two cut outs of the Pacific Ocean because our map is flat. 3. Review the answers with the students. Select one adaptation for each animal and how that helps it survive in its habitat. Assessment Review the location of each of the continents and named oceans on a map. Ask students to recall what type of water is in the ocean. Are oceans in or around the continents? Remind them what type of water is in the lakes and rivers that those run through the land. Extension To make the map building more fun, students can glue down different items to represent the difference between the land and water. For example: blue tissue paper for the oceans, lakes, and rivers, then green aspen shavings or Easter grass or sand for the continents. 3. In the Key section, cut out a square piece from each of the green and blue scrap paper from the hand out and glue those pieces to the corresponding spot on the key. 4. Now show the major lakes and a major river on the map for each continent or world map. Have the students use their marker to draw in the major lakes and rivers on their continents. Relate Activity to Concept 1. Hand out labeled animal pictures to each group. 2. Have students read separate each pictures of animal into a groups based on which habitat they would live in: saltwater, freshwater, and land 3 The Florida Aquarium 2009

4 KEY: LAND W N S E

5 AFRICA NORTH AMERICA AUSTRALIA ANTARCTICA EUROPE SOUTH AMERICA ASIA

6 INDIAN PACIFIC ATLANTIC ANTARCTIC PACIFIC ARCTIC

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