Työpaja Aidot hankkeet nzeb:iin

Transcription

1 nzeb - FIN, Työpaja Aidot hankkeet nzeb:iin Jarek Kurnitski Full Professor, Tallinn University of Technology Adjunct Professor, Aalto University Vice-president REHVA jarek.kurnitski@ttu.ee

2 CLIMA 2013, REHVA nzeb technical definition 2013 revision Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

3 Kirja ei pelkästään uusista määräyksistä vaan myös hyvistä suunnittelukäytännöistä n. 100 s. + liitteet Pääpaino asuinrakennuksissa Myynyt yli 1000 kpl Jarek Kurnitski Sitra

4 nzeb kirja 2013 Matalaenergia- ja lähes nollaenergiarakennukset toimistorakennusten perusratkaisut luonnossuunnitteluvaiheessa Suunnitteluprosessin ja teknisten ratkaisujen erot verrattuna tavanomaiseen suunnittelukäytäntöön Kohderyhmä: tilaajat, rakennuttajat, arkkitehdit, rakenne- ja talotekniikkasuunnittelijat, urakoitsijat, opiskelijat jne.

5 nzeb def is based on detailed system boundaries System boundaries (SB) for energy need, energy use and delivered and exported energy calcula<on. The last one may be interpreted as the building site boundary. Demand reduc<on measures can be dis<nguished from RE solu<ons in the energy use SB, not in the delivered/exported energy SB Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

6 System boundary for nearby RE System boundary for nearby RE plants contractually linked to the building (a share of the capacity/production can be linked to the building) National legislation needed to allocate new RE capacity to the building/ developement with a long term contract Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

7 nzeb definitions situation European definitions following EPBD recast: REHVA 2013 REHVA has revised its nzeb technical definition and set of system boundaries for primary energy indicator and RER calculation in cooperation with CEN, Report No 4, CEN is working with overarching EPBD standard pren 15603:2013, which will include calculation bases for primary energy and RER National definitions Concerted Action CA EPBD (March 2013 data) has collected detailed information from 19 countries: of which six have their national application of the nzeb definition included in a legal document (Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania, Slovak Republic and France) six other countries have their application developed, but not yet fixed in a legal document and the remaining seven countries have documented their current plans Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

8 Towards nearly zero energy buildings Denmark Characteris+c values Maximum of primary energy to Primary energy factors Residen<al buildings (houses, hotels, etc.) Non- residen<al buildings (offices, schools, ins<tu<ons and other buildings) Energy frame /A in kwh/ m²a /A in kwh/ m²a Energy frame / A in kwh/ m²a / A in kwh/ m²a Energy frame 2020 nzeb 20 kwh/ m²a 25 kwh/ m²a Electricity District hea<ng Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

9 Towards nearly zero energy buildings Estonia Primary energy requirements for 9 building types (apply from Jan 9, 2013) nzeb Low energy Min.req. new Min.req. maj.ren. A B C (cost opt.) D (cost opt.) kwh/(m 2 a) kwh/(m 2 a) kwh/(m 2 a) kwh/(m 2 a) Detached houses Apartment buildings Office buildings nzeb and low energy requirements officially given (not yet mandatory) Primary energy conversion factors: Electricity 2.0 Fossil fuels 1.0 District heat 0.9 Renewable fuels 0.75 Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

10 nzeb case studies Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

11 Common nzeb components in: Central Europe vs. North Europe Large windows for max daylight to save lighting electricity Moderate insulation (U window =1.1, U wall =0.30) More cooling need than heating need External solar shading Glass buildings with external shading possible Free cooling combined with compressor cooling or solar cooling Water based distribution system for cooling (or VRV) Small windows for lowest acceptable average daylight factor Highly insulated envelope (U window = , U wall =0,15) Slightly less cooling but a lot of heating External shading for low solar angle Double skin façade to be used for glass buildings 100% free cooling possible with borehole water Water based distribution systems for heating and cooling (or VRV) Heat recovery ventilation Demand controlled ventilation and lighting PV panels Heat recovery ventilation Demand controlled ventilation and lighting PV panels Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations!

12 Joint nzeb research group of TUT and Aalto

13 Some outcomes of nzeb group International Preparation of European nzeb technical definition for uniformed national implementation of EPBD REHVA nzeb definition 2013 (Chairing the REHVA nzeb task force and cooperation with CEN) Comparative analyses of Estonian and Nordic building codes regarding energy performance minimum requirements Estonia Contribution to preparation of the Estonian regulation on minimum energy performance requirements and calculation methodology (revision of the minimum requirements, governmental act VV No 68:2012 and a new act of calculation methodology MKM No 63:2012) Guide for low energy and nearly zero energy buildings technical solutions for scoping and conceptual design stage (about 100 pages for construction clients, architects, contractors and other decision makers, printed book March 2013).

14 How to compare energy reqs? Apartment and office buildings (1/2013 data) Apartment building Office building Max delivered energy, kwh/(m 2 a) Denmark Norway Sweden Estonia Finland Maximum allowed delivered energy for heating, hot water and ventilation systems in apartment buildings and for office buildings (lighting included) with district heating

15 Some outcomes of nzeb group Research Low temperature radiator heating systems detailed dynamic modeling for quantification and control of distribution and emission losses in low energy buildings Fenestration design principles in a cold climate for office buildings with the focus on daylight, heating and cooling energy and lighting electricity Development and validation of simplified energy performance compliance assessment method based on specific heat loss correlation and used in Estonian regulation Quantification of environmental and economic impacts for main categories of building labeling schemes in Estonian context

16 Plans for Expand to Aalto university TUT-Aalto joint nzeb, dual professor and dual Phd-students Field measurements in TUT new nzeb technological test facility low E heating solutions, GSHP collectors Rakvere Smart Building CC nzeb case study Continue with ongoing research topics: Facades (solar shading/control) Radiator heating with heat pump Building labeling/performance New topics: Building envelope integrated collectors Boreholes/GSHP energy pile applications nzeb concepts/solutions for res and non-res nzeb pilot buildings benchmarking (REHVA) Daylight design methods Energy and IEQ commissioning Durability of facades Air tightness/radon