Michigan Traffic Crash Facts

Transcription

1 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts Michigan Department of State Police

2 This material was developed through a project funded by the Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning and the U.S. Department of Transportation. OHSP is committed to saving lives and reducing injuries on Michigan roads through leadership, innovation, facilitation, and program support in partnership with other public and private organizations.

3 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts A summary of traffic crashes on Michigan roadways in calendar year Michigantrafficcrashfacts.org Produced by: Michigan Department of State Police Criminal Justice Information Center-Traffic Crash Statistics (517) Michigan.gov/cjic Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning (517) Michigan.gov/ohsp

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5 Acknowledgements The creation of this book could not have been made possible without the dedication, planning, guidance, and knowledge of the following organizations and departments: Criminal Justice Information Center Fatality Analysis Reporting System Michigan Department of State Police Michigan Department of State Michigan Department of Transportation Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute In addition, we wish to acknowledge the people working in law enforcement and public safety agencies who are responsible for gathering crash data in the field. We rely on their accurate completion of crash reports; without their attention to detail we would be unable to create, maintain, and distribute meaningful crash information. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

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7 FOREWORD Traffic records improvement projects have been ongoing to streamline the process of data collection and processing. Current projects such as the Traffic Crash Reporting System (TCRS) Modernization and the Traffic Records Data Linkage strive to improve the quality, timeliness, and accuracy of data outputs, as well as integration of traffic records data systems. New technologies, including electronic data collection, increased error checking, quality assurance, and crash locating, are continually emerging and improving. By utilizing these technologies as they become available, the quality of Michigan s traffic records data will continue to improve. Please visit Michigantrafficcrashfacts.org for easy access to crash data from Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

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9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The traffic fatality count was 951, up 1.6 percent from the 2012 figure of 936. Compared with 2012, injuries were up 0.7 percent and total crashes were up 1.3 percent. These figures translated into a fatality rate of 1.00 per 100 million miles of travel, up 0.01 percent from 2012, and below the 10-year average of 1.01 (2004- ). Exposure factors in showed increases in vehicle miles traveled, vehicle registrations, and licensed drivers. Vehicle miles traveled were up 0.9 percent to 95.1 billion, motor vehicle registrations increased 0.8 percent to 8.2 million, and the number of licensed drivers was up 0.5 percent to 7.1 million. Seat belt use in Michigan was observed at 93.0 percent. Alcohol-involved crashes continued to present a problem and contributed to 29.2 percent of all fatal crashes. Crashes involving alcohol made up 3.4 percent of all crashes, and while 18.3 percent of all crashes resulted in injury or death, 30.7 percent of alcohol-involved crashes resulted in injury or death. Information compiled in this report was gathered from the Michigan Traffic Crash Report forms (UD-10) submitted by local police departments, sheriff offices, and the Michigan Department of State Police. Other related information was obtained from the Departments of Transportation, State, and Community Health. The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute produced this publication with data on file at the Michigan Department of State Police Criminal Justice Information Center as of March 23, We acknowledge, with appreciation, all involved agencies for their assistance. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

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11 UD-10 (FRONT) Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

12 UD-10 (BACK) Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

13 MICHIGAN VEHICLE CODE Public Act 300 of 1949 Edited by the Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning (OHSP) for discussion purposes. Editorial remarks by OHSP appear in italic print. MCL , Amended The driver of a motor vehicle involved in an accident that injures or kills any person, or that damages property to an apparent extent totaling $1, or more, shall immediately report that accident at the nearest or most convenient police station, or to the nearest or most convenient police officer. The officer receiving the report, or his or her commanding officer, shall immediately forward each report to the director of the Department of State Police on forms prescribed by the director of the Department of State Police (State of Michigan Traffic Crash Report, also known as the UD-10). The forms shall be completed in full by the investigating officer. The director of the Department of State Police shall analyze each report relative to the cause of the reported accident and shall prepare information compiled from reports filed under this section for public use. A copy of the report under this section... shall be retained for at least three years at the local police department, sheriff's department, or local state police post making the report. (As the repository of the UD-10s submitted by all Michigan law enforcement agencies, the Department of State Police processes all UD-10s received at the Criminal Justice Information Center (CJIC). CJIC retains an electronic copy of UD-10s for 10 years plus the current processing year. Electronic databases containing information from UD-10s prior to this time period are purged.) MCL , Amended (1) A report required by this chapter shall not be available for use in a court action, but a report shall be for the purpose of furnishing statistical information regarding the number and cause of accidents. (2) The Office of Highway Safety Planning (OHSP) may authorize scientific studies and research for the reduction of death, injury, and property losses. All information, records of interviews, written reports, statements, notes, memoranda, or other data collected pursuant to the scientific studies and research conducted by the state, or by other persons, agencies, or organizations authorized by OHSP shall be used solely for the purpose of medical or scientific research and shall not disclose the name or identity of a person unless the person authorizes, in writing, the use of his or her name or identity. If a subject of the research study is deceased, the executor or heir of the deceased person may authorize, in writing, the disclosure of the deceased's name or identity. The furnishing of information to OHSP or to a representative of an authorized study or research project shall not subject a person, hospital, sanitarium, rest home, nursing home, or other person or agency furnishing the information to any action for damages or other relief. The information, records, reports, statements, notes, memoranda, or other data shall not be admissible as evidence in a court or before any other tribunal, board, agency, or person. A person participating in an authorized study or research project shall not disclose, directly or indirectly, the information so obtained except in strict conformity with the research project. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

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15 ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS ATV BAC CDL CJIC CRD DOB All-Terrain Vehicle Bodily Alcohol Content. (Formerly referred to as Blood Alcohol Content or Blood Alcohol Concentration.) Determination of percent by weight of ethyl alcohol in blood. Usually measured in grams per liter or grams per milliliter depending on the test used. Commercial Driver s License. A CDL is required in the United States to operate any type of vehicle with a gross weight of 26,001 lb or over. Criminal Justice Information Center. A division of the Michigan Department of State Police formerly known as the Central Records Division. Child Restraint Device. Also called child safety seat or child car seat. Date of Birth FHWA Federal Highway Administration. A part of the United States Department of Transportation. GDL HBD HNBD KABC MCLS Graduated Driver Licensing. A system used to identify different tiers of drivers. See Michigan Public Act 387 effective April 1, 1997, phasing in teenage driving privileges. Had Been Drinking Had Not Been Drinking Injury severity scale for traffic crash-related injuries: o K - Fatal o A - Incapacitating o B - Non-incapacitating o C - Possible See Glossary for definitions. Michigan Crash Location System MDCH Michigan Department of Community Health (formerly Michigan Department of Public Health.) MDOS Michigan Department of State MDOT Michigan Department of Transportation NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. A part of the United States Department of Transportation. OHSP ORV OWI PDO UD-10 Office of Highway Safety Planning. A division of the Michigan Department of State Police. Off-Road Vehicle Operating While Intoxicated. Refers to a person who is driving a vehicle while either under the influence of alcohol, a controlled substance, or both; OR has a BAC of.08 or greater. Property Damage Only. Refers to a traffic crash lacking personal injuries. Form number ascribed to the Michigan Traffic Crash Report form; the official document used to report traffic crashes in Michigan. UMTRI University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute USDOT United States Department of Transportation VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled. The estimated total number of miles traveled annually by motor vehicles on Michigan trafficways. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

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17 GLOSSARY Access Control - Indicates the degree access to an adjoining roadway is controlled by public authority. o o o No access control (unlimited access) Full access control (ramp entry & exit only) Other (partial access control NOTE: Access is controlled by roadway configuration, not traffic control devices such as, No Left Turn signs, etc. Bicycle - A device propelled by human power upon which a person may ride, having either two or three wheels in a tandem or tricycle arrangement, all of which are over 14 inches in diameter. Bicyclist - An operator or passenger riding a bicycle. Bus (Also see School Bus) - Any passenger-carrying vehicle designed to transport 18 or more passengers, including the driver. Crash Date - The date the crash occurred. If the date is unknown, and cannot be reasonably estimated, use the date the crash was discovered by the complainant or the date reported. A valid date is necessary to update records of each involved driver. Crash Rate - The number of crashes per 100 million vehicle miles traveled. Crash Type - A crash is typed by the first injury or damage-producing event, which may or may not be the most serious or significant event. Death Rate - Deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled. Driver/Operator - The person who is in actual physical control of a vehicle in transit. Driver Condition - Apparent condition of the driver which may have contributed to the crash. Appeared normal; had been drinking; illegal drug use; sick; fatigue; asleep; medication (prescription and over the counter medication); distracted (inside or outside of the unit); using cellular phone; unknown. Drug-Involved Crash - Drug use prior to the crash by a driver, pedestrian, or cyclist as reported by the police, the coroner, or other accepted authorities. Engineer - Engineer (railroad train) Fatal Crash - A fatality is counted when a person dies due to injuries from a traffic crash. Prior to 1979, deaths were counted if they occurred up to one year after the crash; in 1979 this time period was reduced to 90 days. In 1988 this was further reduced to 30 days. Graduated Driver Licensing - Michigan Public Act 387 effective April 1, 1997, phasing in teenage driving privileges. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

18 GLOSSARY (continued) Had Been Drinking (HBD) Crash - Drinking prior to the crash by a driver, pedestrian, or cyclist as reported by the police, the coroner, or other accepted authorities. Beginning with year 2000 data, the information provided for alcohol contains data for alcohol-involved crashes only. This figure DOES NOT include the combined number for alcohol and drug involved crashes as has been reported in prior years. Harmful Event - A harmful event is an occurrence of injury or damage. Holiday - Refers to the length of the Holiday weekend period, including the hours of 6:00 PM to midnight of the day preceding the Holiday. Please refer to the table below for the time period connected to Holidays falling on a given day of the week. Time Period Holiday Day From To of Days Sunday 6:00 PM FRI - 23:59 PM MON 3 1/4 Monday 6:00 PM FRI - 23:59 PM MON 3 1/4 Tuesday 6:00 PM FRI - 23:59 PM TUE 4 1/4 Wednesday 6:00 PM TUE - 23:59 PM WED 1 1/4 Thursday 6:00 PM WED - 23:59 PM SUN 4 1/4 Friday 6:00 PM THU - 23:59 PM SUN 3 1/4 Saturday 6:00 PM THU - 23:59 PM SUN 3 1/4 Ignition Interlock - An alcohol concentration measuring device preventing a motor vehicle from being started at any time without first determining through a deep lung sample the operator s breath alcohol level. Michigan Vehicle Code, Sec L (6). Injury Codes K (Fatal) - Any injury resulting in death. A (Incapacitating Injury) - Any injury, other than a fatal injury, preventing the injured person from walking, driving or normally continuing the activities the person was capable of performing before the injury occurred. B (Non-Incapacitating Injury) - Any injury not incapacitating but evident to observers at the scene of the crash in which the injury occurred. C (Possible Injury) - Any injury reported or claimed that is not a fatal injury, incapacitating injury or non-incapacitating injury. O (No injury) - Person reported as not receiving bodily harm from the motor vehicle crash. Note: Uninjured passengers are not required to be recorded by the police with the exception of a fatal crash at which point all involved parties must be listed. Injury Crash - Any crash involving an injury other than a fatal injury. In Transport - Denotes the state or condition of a vehicle that is in motion or within the portion of a way ordinarily used by similar vehicles. When applied to motor vehicles, "in transport" means in motion or on a roadway. Inclusions: Motor vehicle in traffic on a highway; driverless motor vehicle in motion; motionless motor vehicle abandoned on a roadway; disabled motor vehicle on a roadway; and others. A parked motor vehicle in roadway lanes used to travel during rush hours and parking during offpeak periods is in transport during periods when parking is forbidden. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

19 GLOSSARY (continued) Licensed Drivers - All valid Michigan drivers on file, including suspended, revoked, and denied drivers (does not include expired licenses). Location (Crash Location) - Location of a crash is defined by: o The road name on which the crash occurred including prefix, road name, type, and suffix o The distance and direction of the point of impact from a cross road (located within the county of the crash) o The name of the cross road including prefix, road name, type, and suffix Most Severe Outcome in Crash - The most severe injury sustained by any person involved in the crash, or property damage only. Most Severe Outcome in Vehicle - The most severe injury sustained by any person in the vehicle, or property damage only. Motorcyclist - An operator or passenger riding a motored cycle. Motor Vehicle - "Motor vehicle" means every vehicle which is self-propelled and every vehicle which is propelled by electric power obtained from overhead trolley wires, but not operated upon rails. o Standard motor vehicles - Cars, pickups, vans, buses, trucks, motorcycles, etc. o Emergency vehicles - Police, fire, ambulance. o Farm equipment - Farm tractors, combines, etc. o Off Road Vehicles (ORV) - Snowmobiles, mopeds, all-terrain vehicles (ATV), dirt bikes, motorbikes, go-carts, garden tractors, motorized wheelchairs, scooters. o Road maintenance equipment - dump trucks, snowplows, road graders o Construction equipment - Rollers, front-end loaders, scrapers, mobile cranes, etc. Motor Vehicle Crash - A crash involving a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway (in Michigan) resulting in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage. Non-collision - A crash not involving a collision with another motor vehicle. Types of non-collision crashes include explosion or fire in vehicle, rollover, immersion, etc. Occupant - Any injured or killed person in or on a motor vehicle, including all drivers. Passenger - Any person in or on a motor vehicle, excluding the driver. Pedestrian - Any person on foot; person on skis, skates or roller blades; rider of horse; horse and buggy (each occupant including the driver will be listed as a separate pedestrian unit); non-motorized wheelchair. Property Damage Only (PDO) Crash - A crash resulting in no fatalities or injuries, with a value of $1,000 as a reporting threshold. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

20 GLOSSARY (continued) School Bus - Every motor vehicle, except station wagons, with a manufacturers' rated seating capacity of 18 or more passengers, including the driver, owned by a public, private, or governmental agency and operated for the transportation of children to or from school, or privately owned and operated for compensation for the transportation of children to or from school. School bus does not include buses operated by a municipally owned transportation system or by a common passenger carrier certificated by the state transportation department. Traffic Unit - Anything in transit on a public trafficway (i.e., motor vehicle, motorcycle, bicycle, pedestrian, snowmobile, farm equipment). Trafficway - Indicates whether or not a trafficway is not physically divided, or is divided with a median strip, with or without a traffic barrier, and whether it serves one-way or two-way traffic. Transition Area - Increase or decrease in the number of travel lanes. Valid Drivers - Excludes non-valid categories such as no license, out-of-state drivers with Michigan violations, deceased, and licenses expired three months prior to Department of State run date. Zero Tolerance - Law that began November 1, 1994, making it illegal for any person in Michigan under the age of 21 to consume alcohol in the presence of a law enforcement officer, or to have a BAC of 0.02 percent or more. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

21 TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK FACTS & FIGURES Quick Facts... 3 Michigan s Crash Watch... 5 HISTORICAL INFORMATION 10 Year (2004-) Vehicle Registrations... 9 Vehicle Miles Traveled... 9 Crashes... 9 Motor Vehicle Deaths Injuries in Motor Vehicle Crashes Fatal Crashes HBD Fatalities HBD Injuries HBD Fatal Crashes Restraint Usage Licensed Drivers Mileage Death Rate Crash Rate Injury Crash Rate Property Damage Crash Rate Male vs. Female Drivers in All Crashes Male vs. Female Drivers in Fatal Crashes Male vs. Female Drinking Drivers in All Crashes All Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes Teen/Young Adult Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes Elderly Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes All Drinking Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes Elderly Drinking Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes Motor Vehicles in All and Fatal Crashes Motorcycles in All and Fatal Crashes Pedestrians in All and Fatal Crashes Bicycles in All and Fatal Crashes Snowmobiles on Roadway in All and Fatal Crashes ORV/ATVs on Roadway in All and Fatal Crashes Vehicle-Train Crashes Vehicle-Deer Crashes Farm Equipment Crashes Death & Injury per Crash-Involved Occupant Average Age of Drivers in Crashes Michigan, U.S. and Surrounding States - Mileage Death Rates Michigan, U.S. and Surrounding States - Fatalities and VMT Year (2009-) Age of Persons Killed, Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes Age of Drivers Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes Age of Bicyclists Killed Age of Pedestrians Killed Select Holiday Data Motor Vehicle Deaths and Mileage by Month Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

22 AGE 1 Year (2012-) Summary Trends Cost of Crashes in Michigan Map of Where Traffic Fatalities Occurred Years (1962-) Motor Vehicle Traffic Deaths in Michigan by Month Motor Vehicle Traffic Crash and Related Data Person s Age and Injury Severity by Person Type Driver Age Action Prior to Crash - Driver Action Most Harmful Event Crash Type Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time and Severity Hazardous Action Day of Week Driver Gender of Occupants in Motor Vehicle Vehicle Type Driver Age Action Prior to Crash - Driver Action Most Harmful Event Crash Type Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time and Severity Hazardous Action Day of Week Driver Gender of Occupants in Motor Vehicle Vehicle Type Driver Age 65 & Over Action Prior to Crash - Driver Action Most Harmful Event Crash Type Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time and Severity Hazardous Action Day of Week Driver Gender of Occupants in Motor Vehicle Vehicle Type ALCOHOL Injury Experience for Persons Who Had Been Drinking and/or Using Drugs Drivers Drinking and/or Using Drugs & Injury Severity in Crash All Crashes and HBD Crashes by Injury Severity Death & Injury for Crash Involved Occupant All Drivers and HBD Drivers Injury Severity - Ejected vs. Not Ejected All Occupants and Occupants of HBD Crashes Injury Severity - Ejected vs. Not Ejected Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

23 DEER Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Driver Injury Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Occupant Injury Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Crashes Alcohol Involvement in Injury Crashes Male Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash Male Drinking Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash Female Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash Female Drinking Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash Map of Traffic Fatalities with Drinking Involvement by County Map of County Ranking by HBD Fatal Crash Rate Map of Michigan Motor Vehicle-Deer Involved Crashes Light Condition and Time of Day in Motor Vehicle-Deer Crashes Monthly and Seasonal Rates for Motor Vehicle-Deer Crashes CRASH - Circumstances common to all traffic units in a crash All Crashes Injury Severity by Month Crash Experience by Roadway Type Crash Type Relationship to Roadway Time and Severity Day of Week Road Condition Weather Condition Light Condition Intersection Crashes by Traffic Control Type Construction Zone Crashes VEHICLE/DRIVER - Characteristics specific to individual traffic units Vehicle Type Crash Involvement Vehicle Types in Crashes by Crash Severity Action Prior to Crash - Driver Action Action Prior to Crash - Motorcyclist Action Action Prior to Crash - Bicyclist Action Action Prior to Crash - Pedestrian Action Most Harmful Event Vehicle Defects in Crash Involvement Driver Hazardous Action Michigan Bicycle Crashes Michigan Pedestrian Crashes Michigan Snowmobile Crashes Michigan ORV/ATV Crashes Snowmobile Driver Hazardous Action ORV/ATV Driver Hazardous Action Michigan Farm Equipment Crashes Michigan Vehicle-Train Crashes Michigan Motorcycle Crashes Driver Gender Information - All Crashes Person Age: Demographics and Crash Involvements Crash Rate per Licensed Driver by Age of Driver in All Crashes Driver Age Driver Condition Driver Injury Severity by Restraint, Alcohol, and Drug Use Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

24 RED-LIGHT-RUNNING CRASHES Red-Light-Running Definition Speed Limit Crash Type Special Circumstances Conditions of Persons in Crashes HEAVY TRUCK/BUS Heavy Truck/Bus Definition Action Prior to Crash - Driver Action Most Harmful Event Crash Type Hazardous Action Relationship to Roadway Time and Severity Roadway Type Day of Week Driver Gender of Occupants Vehicle Type Hazardous Citation Issued OCCUPANT/PERSON - Specific information on each driver and injured person in a crash Age & Gender of Occupants Killed & Injured in Motor Vehicle Crashes Reported Occupant Restraint Usage for All Drivers and Injured Passengers Motor Vehicle Occupants & Injury Severity by Seating Position and Known Belt Usage Reported Restraint Use - Children Motor Vehicle Occupant Injury Severity by Known Airbag Deployment Age & Gender of Motorcyclists Killed & Injured in Motor Vehicle Crashes Motorcycle Helmet Use and Injury Severity Occupant Injury Outcome by Vehicle Type REFERENCES References and Reporting Agencies INDEX Index Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

25 Quick Facts & Figures

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27 QUICK FACTS Some exposure factor comparisons between and 2012 show motor vehicle registrations increased 0.8 percent, the number of licensed drivers on Michigan roads increased 0.5 percent, and vehicle mileage increased 0.9 percent. The fatality rate of 1.00 deaths per 100 million miles of travel increased 0.1 percent from the 2012 fatality rate of 0.96, remaining below the 10-year average of 1.01 (2004-). There were 951 persons killed and 71,031 persons injured in 289,061 reported motor vehicle traffic crashes in Michigan during. Compared with the 2012 experience, the number of: deaths increased 1.6 percent, persons injured increased 0.7 percent, and total reported crashes increased 5.5 percent. There were 289,061 reported crashes, of which 881 were fatal, 51,949 were personal injury, and 236,231 were property damage only crashes. Of all fatal crashes, 25.0 percent occurred at intersections. Of all fatal crashes, 29.2 percent involved at least one drinking operator, bicyclist, or pedestrian, 19.8 percent involved drinking but no drugs, 6.7 percent involved drugs but no drinking, and 9.4 percent involved both drinking and drugs. Excessive speed was indicated as the hazardous action by 12.5 percent of the drivers involved in fatal crashes. Of the 289,061 total crashes in, 107,528 (37.2%) involved one vehicle only. This is an increase of 5.8 percent from last year s count of 101,599 single-vehicle crashes. Of the 881 fatal crashes, 488 (55.4%) involved one vehicle. Of the 257 alcohol-related fatal crashes, 183 (71.2%) involved one vehicle. This is a 0.5 percent increase from last year s figure of 182 single vehicle, alcohol-related fatal crashes. Of the 1,388 drivers involved in fatal crashes, 130 (9.4%) were under 21 years of age and 243 (17.5%) were under 25 years of age. Of the 9,895,622 persons living in Michigan [1. References and Reporting Agencies] one out of every 10,405 was killed in a traffic crash and one out of every 139 was injured. For each person killed, 75 persons were injured. According to figures provided by the Michigan Department of Community Health [2. References and Reporting Agencies], accidental death for children in motor vehicle crashes routinely outpaces the next two most frequent causes: fire and drowning. According to the Michigan Department of Community Health, approximately three out of five accidental deaths for teenagers and young adults (ages 15-24) are due to motor vehicle crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 3

28 The pedestrian death toll for Michigan stands at 149 persons, an increase of 16 deaths from For each pedestrian killed, there were 13 pedestrians injured. Of the pedestrians killed, 30.9 percent were killed while crossing streets not at intersections. Of all pedestrians killed, 11.4 percent were under the age of 21 and 4.7 percent were age 75 and older. Children under the age of 16 accounted for 7.4 percent of the bicycle deaths. Of the 497,908 drivers and injured passengers involved in crashes, 435,680 or 87.5 percent were reported to have been using occupant restraints. Restraint usage among fatal victims, where usage was known, was reported to be 63.3 percent in. Motor vehicle occupants age had the highest reported restraint usage (96.5%) among all age groups. Children age had the lowest reported restraint usage (82.6%). The economic loss in Michigan traffic crashes amounted to $ (see note). If costs were spread across the state s population this would translate into a loss of $ (see note) per state resident. Note: Information on the cost of crashes will be available from the National Safety Council later this year. 4 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

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31 Historical Information 10-, 5-, and 1-year

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33 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 VEHICLE REGISTRATIONS 10 YEAR TRENDS 4,000,000 2,000, ,578, ,464, ,353, ,409, ,187, ,145, ,101, ,131, ,104, ,171,407 Vehicle registrations decreased 4.7 percent over the 10-year period. VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED Vehicle miles traveled decreased 6.6 percent over the 10-year period. CRASHES 500, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , There were 289,061 total crashes statewide in, a 22.5 percent decrease from Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 9

34 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) DEATHS 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, , , , , In, 951 people died in motor vehicle crashes, a decrease of 17.9 percent from INJURIES 140, , ,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20, , , , , , , , , , ,031 In, 71,031 people received injuries in motor vehicle crashes, down 28.7 percent from 99,680 in FATAL CRASHES 1,400 1,200 1, ,055 1,030 1, In, there were 881 fatal crashes, down 16.5 percent from 1,055 in Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

35 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) HAD-BEEN-DRINKING FATALITIES There were 286 deaths in alcohol-related crashes in, down 21.4 percent from HAD-BEEN-DRINKING INJURIES 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, , , , , , , , , , ,242 Had-been-drinking injuries were down 35.3 percent from In, there were 5,242 injuries in crashes where the operator had been drinking. HAD-BEEN-DRINKING FATAL CRASHES Alcohol involvement in fatal crashes was down 24.0 percent from In, there were 257 fatal crashes where the operator had been drinking. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 11

36 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) RESTRAINT USAGE IN CRASHES The percentage of motor vehicle occupants using restraints as reported by police in traffic crashes increased 2.6 percent over the last ten years. DRIVERS IN MICHIGAN There were 7,096,836 licensed drivers on Michigan roadways in, a decrease of 1.8 percent from MILEAGE DEATH RATE The 1.0 death rate in was a 9.1 percent decrease from the 10-year high of 1.1 in Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

37 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) TOTAL CRASH RATE The 10-year total crash rate peaked in 2004 at then decreased by 17.1 percent to in. INJURY CRASH RATE The 10-year injury crash rate of 54.6 in was a 24.0 percent decrease from PROPERTY DAMAGE CRASH RATE The property damage crash rate of in was a 19.0 percent decrease from Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 13

38 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) DRIVERS IN ALL CRASHES Male Female , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,264 DRIVERS IN FATAL CRASHES Male Female , , , , , , , , , ,000 1,500 1, Male drivers accounted for 55.1 percent of all drivers in crashes during, down from 57.1 percent in Female drivers accounted for 44.9 percent of all drivers in crashes during, up from 42.9 percent in DRIVERS IN ALL CRASHES Male 2008 Male drivers made up 74.2 percent of all drivers in fatal crashes in. The 990 male driver count was up from 71.2 percent in Female drivers made up 25.8 percent of all drivers in fatal crashes in. The 344 female driver count was down from 28.8 percent in Female 2011 DRIVERS IN FATAL CRASHES Male Female DRINKING DRIVERS IN ALL CRASHES Male Female ,179 3, ,359 3, ,454 2, ,095 2, ,270 2, ,881 2, ,209 2, ,094 2, ,250 2,563 7,105 2,522 Note: 36,274 drivers in all crashes, 54 drivers in fatal crashes, and 46 drinking drivers were coded as unknown gender in and are not included in the tables. 20,000 10, Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide DRINKING DRIVERS IN ALL CRASHES Male 2008 In, males represented 73.8 percent of all drinking drivers. The 7,105 male driver count was down from 77.5 percent in Females represented 26.2 percent of all drinking drivers. The 2,522 female driver count was up from 22.5 percent in Female

39 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) ALL DRIVERS All Crashes Fatal Crashes ,913 1, ,671 1, ,763 1, ,228 1, ,240 1, ,801 1, ,968 1, ,501 1, ,030 1, ,446 1, ,000 3, ,000 2, ,000 1, , All Crashes ALL DRIVERS The number of drivers involved in all crashes decreased 23.8 percent over the 10-year period. The number of drivers involved in fatal crashes decreased 19.7 percent over the 10- year period Fatal Crashes 2012 TEEN/YOUNG ADULT DRIVERS (Age 16-20) All Crashes Fatal Crashes , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , TEEN/YOUNG ADULT DRIVERS All Crashes 2008 Teen/young adult drivers (age 16-20) represented 6.9 percent of the licensed drivers in. The number of teen/young adult drivers in all crashes has decreased by 37.7 percent since Their involvement in fatal crashes has decreased 45.2 percent during the same time period Fatal Crashes 2012 ELDERLY DRIVERS (Age 65 & Over) All Crashes Fatal Crashes , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ELDERLY DRIVERS 2007 All Crashes 2008 Elderly drivers (age 65 and over) represented 18.4 percent of the licensed drivers in. The number of drivers age 65 and over in all crashes has increased 2.4 percent since Their involvement in fatal crashes has increased 15.9 percent during the same time period Fatal Crashes 2012 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 15

40 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) DRINKING DRIVERS All Crashes Fatal Crashes , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , DRINKING DRIVERS 2007 All Crashes Drinking driver involvement in all crashes decreased by 33.3 percent from Drinking driver involvement in fatal crashes decreased by 28.2 percent from Fatal Crashes 2012 TEEN/YOUNG ADULT DRINKING DRIVERS (Age 16-20) All Crashes Fatal Crashes , , , , , , , , , TEEN/YOUNG ADULT DRINKING DRIVERS All Crashes 2008 The number of teen/young adult drinking drivers (age 16-20) in all crashes decreased by 54.1 percent, and their involvement in fatal crashes decreased by 40.7 percent from Fatal Crashes 2012 ELDERLY DRINKING DRIVERS (Age 65 & Over) All Crashes Fatal Crashes ELDERLY DRINKING DRIVERS All Crashes 2008 The number of elderly drinking drivers (age 65 and over) in all crashes decreased by 3.6 percent from Their involvement in fatal crashes decreased by 31.3 percent from Fatal Crashes Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

41 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) MOTOR VEHICLES All Crashes Fatal Crashes ,913 1, ,671 1, ,763 1, ,228 1, ,240 1, ,801 1, ,968 1, ,501 1, ,030 1, ,446 1, ,000 4, ,000 3, ,000 2, ,000 1, MOTOR VEHICLES All Crashes There were 484,446 motor vehicles involved in all crashes in, down 23.8 percent from There were 1,388 motor vehicles involved in fatal crashes in, down 19.7 percent from Fatal Crashes 2012 MOTORCYCLES All Crashes Fatal Crashes , , , , , , , , , , , , , MOTORCYCLES All Crashes 2008 There were 3,186 motorcycles involved in crashes in, a 2.7 percent decrease from There were 133 motorcycles involved in fatal crashes in, up 64.2 percent from Fatal Crashes 2012 PEDESTRIANS All Crashes Fatal Crashes , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , PEDESTRIANS All Crashes 2008 There were 2,392 pedestrians involved in crashes in, down 16.5 percent from There were 159 pedestrians involved in fatal crashes in both 2004 and Fatal Crashes 2012 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 17

42 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) BICYCLES All Crashes Fatal Crashes , , , , , , , , , , , , , , All Crashes BICYCLES 2008 There were 1,902 bicycles involved in crashes in, down 15.3 percent from There were 29 bicycles involved in fatal crashes in, up 38.1 percent from Fatal Crashes 2012 SNOWMOBILES ON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS All Crashes Fatal Crashes , SNOWMOBILES ON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS All Crashes 2008 There were 179 snowmobile crashes on roadways in, down 52.3 percent from There were 10 fatal snowmobile crashes, down 41.2 percent from Fatal Crashes 2012 ORV/ATVs ON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS All Crashes Fatal Crashes ORV/ATV s ON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS All Crashes 2008 There were 282 ORV/ATV crashes on roadways in, up 4.4 percent from There were 11 fatal ORV/ATV crashes, up 15.4 percent from Fatal Crashes Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

43 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) VEHICLE-TRAIN CRASHES There were 58 vehicle-train crashes in, a decrease of 34.8 percent in the 10-year period VEHICLE-DEER CRASHES 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 62,707 58,741 60,875 61,907 61,010 61,486 55,867 53,592 48,918 49,205 20,000 10, The number of vehicle-deer crashes decreased 21.5 percent in the 10-year period to 49,205 in. FARM EQUIPMENT CRASHES There were 207 farm equipment crashes in, an increase of 10.1 percent from Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 19

44 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) INJURED OCCUPANTS IN CRASHES 1,000,000 All Occupants 800, , , , , , , , , , , , , , Note: The all-occupant figure is the number of occupants recorded by the police officers on the UD-10. DEATH AND INJURY FOR CRASH-INVOLVED OCCUPANTS Death 1,400 70,000 1,200 60,000 1,000 50, , , , , s K - Killed ,448 Injury A - Injured 8,411 7,714 6,904 6,821 6,091 5,879 5,414 5,142 5,156 4,736 62,268 B - Injured 20,915 19,414 17,423 17,105 15,495 14,911 15,659 15,635 15,458 15, ,560 C - Injured 66,155 59,434 53,752 52,888 49,427 46,680 45,972 47,567 46,343 47, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

45 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) AVERAGE AGE OF DRIVERS IN CRASHES Age of Drivers All Crashes HBD Crashes Fatal Crashes HBD Fatal Crashes Over the 10-year period, reflecting the demographic trend of increasing age in the general population, the average age of drivers involved in all crashes has increased more than six percent, and the average age of drivers involved in fatal crashes has increased nearly eleven percent. The average age of drivers in HBD crashes has remained relatively flat at age 35. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 21

46 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) MILEAGE DEATH RATES U.S. (NSC) U.S. (NHTSA) Michigan Ohio Indiana Illinois Wisconsin Minnesota U.S. (NSC*) U.S. (NHTSA**) Michigan Ohio Indiana Illinois Wisconsin Minnesota * National Safety Council (NSC) reports traffic and nontraffic deaths within a year of the crash. **National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) reports only traffic deaths that occur within 30 days of the accident. Data not yet available U.S. data for this table and tables on the following page were provided by the National Safety Council [3], the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [4], and the Federal Highway Administration [5]. State data for this table and tables on the following page were provided by Ohio [6], Indiana [7], Illinois [8], Wisconsin [9], and Minnesota [10]. 22 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

47 10 YEAR TRENDS (continued) MICHIGAN AND SURROUNDING STATES COMPARISON OF FATALITIES AND VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT) Year U.S. (NSC) Fatalities U.S. (NHTSA) Fatalities Michigan Fatalities Ohio Fatalities Indiana Fatalities Illinois Fatalities Wisconsin Fatalities Minnesota Fatalities ,933 42,836 1,159 1, , ,500 43,443 1,129 1, , ,700 42,642 1,084 1, , ,100 41,059 1,084 1, , ,800 37, , , ,900 33, , ,700 32, , ,600 32, , ,200 33, , , Data not yet available Year U.S. (FHWA) VMT Michigan VMT Ohio VMT Indiana VMT Illinois VMT Wisconsin VMT Minnesota VMT , , , , , , , , , , VMT described in billions of miles Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 23

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49 5 YEAR TRENDS STATEWIDE TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES Fatalities by Age Under 1 year old years years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown s Fatalities by Age of Persons Under 1 year old 1-3 years 4-10 years years years years years years years years years 75 years and over Unknown Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 25

50 5 YEAR TRENDS (continued) STATEWIDE TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES (continued) TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes 13 years and under years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown s 1,270 1,326 1,267 1,352 1,388 Age of Drivers Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes 13 years and under years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown s Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

51 5 YEAR TRENDS (continued) STATEWIDE TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES (continued) TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES Age of Bicyclists Killed Under 1 year old years years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown s Age of Pedestrians Killed Under 1 year old years years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown s Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 27

52 5 YEAR TRENDS (continued) HOLIDAY PERIOD FATAL CRASHES AND PERSONS KILLED FOR SELECT HOLIDAY PERIODS IN MICHIGAN Fatal Crashes Persons Killed SUMMARY Memorial Day (3) MON 14 [4] 15 [5] 2012 (3) MON 9 [3] 10 [3] 2011 (3) MON 7 [3] 9 [5] 2010 (3) MON 14 [4] 15 [4] 2009 (3) MON 10 [6] 11 [7] This table shows traffic Fourth of July (4) THU 17 [6] 19 [7] 2012 (1) WED 4 [1] 4 [1] 2011 (3) MON 8 [4] 8 [4] 2010 (3) SUN 8 [2] 8 [2] 2009 (3) SAT 1 [1] 1 [1] Labor Day (3) MON 9 [3] 10 [4] 2012 (3) MON 8 [4] 8 [4] 2011 (3) MON 11 [4] 12 [4] 2010 (3) MON 17 [8] 21 [12] 2009 (3) MON 15 [5] 16 [5] death tolls in Michigan for the past five years for the major holiday periods as defined by the National Safety Council. Based on the total experience, deaths averaged 2.61 per day. Alcohol-related deaths averaged 0.78 per day. Based on the holiday period experience, deaths averaged 3.81 per day. Alcohol-related deaths Thanksgiving (4) THU 11 [4] 12 [5] averaged 1.31 per day (4) THU 9 [4] 9 [4] 2011 (4) THU 7 [0] 7 [0] 2010 (4) THU 9 [3] 10 [4] 2009 (4) THU 10 [0] 11 [0] Christmas (1) WED 3 [0] 3 [0] 2012 (4) TUES 7 [6] 9 [6] 2011 (3) SUN 8 [4] 8 [4] 2010 (3) SAT 6 [4] 6 [4] 2009 (3) FRI 3 [3] 3 [3] New Years (1) WED 1 [1] 2 [1] 2012 (4) TUES 13 [6] 15 [6] 2011 (3) SUN 13 [5] 14 [5] 2010 (3) SAT 5 [1] 5 [1] 2009 (3) FRI 7 [4] 8 [4] Figures in parentheses in the 1 st column show number of full days in each holiday period. Fatal crashes and deaths are for these days plus six hours of the preceding day. Figures in brackets in the 2 nd and 3 rd columns show the number of alcohol-related fatal crashes and deaths. Please view the glossary for an explanation of holiday periods. 28 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

53 5 YEAR TRENDS (continued) MOTOR VEHICLE DEATHS AND MILEAGE BY MONTH TRAFFIC DEATHS PERCENTAGES Month Percent Deaths Percent Miles Driven January February March April May June July August September October November December s Percent Deaths & Percent Miles Driven Percent January February March April May June July August September October November December Percent Deaths Percent Miles Driven The chart above shows that the percent deaths were higher for the months of July, August, September, October, and November than for the other months when compared to the percent miles driven. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 29

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55 STATEWIDE SUMMARY TRENDS Michigan experienced a 1.6 percent increase in traffic fatalities, a 0.7 percent increase in injuries and a 5.5 percent increase in crashes. Deaths among vehicle occupants (drivers and passengers only) increased 2.7 percent. Persons sustaining "A" level injuries (the most serious) decreased 34.5 percent. 1 YEAR TRENDS 2012 % CHANGE NUMBER OF CRASHES Fatal Crashes Personal Injury Crashes... 51,685 51, Property Damage Crashes , , , , ALCOHOL-INVOLVED CRASHES Fatal Crashes Personal Injury Crashes... 3,981 3, Property Damage Crashes... 5,773 5, ,014 9, FATAL CRASHES Had Been Drinking (HBD) (29.9%) 257 (29.2%) -1.2 Had Not Been Drinking / Not Known If Drinking 610 (70.1%) 624 (70.8%) 2.3 PERSONS IN CRASHES Killed Injured... 70,518 71, Not Injured , , Unknown Injury... 38,824 40, , , PERSONS IN ALCOHOL-INVOLVED CRASHES Killed Injured... 5,475 5,242-4/3 Not Injured... 11,588 11, Unknown Injury... 1,386 1, ,730 18, PERSONS INJURED BY GENDER Male... 32,602 32, Female... 37,780 38, Unknown Gender ,518 71, PERSONS INJURED BY SEVERITY "A" Injury... 5,676 5, "B" Injury... 16,764 16, "C" Injury... 48,078 48, ,518 71, Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 31

56 1 YEAR TRENDS (continued) STATEWIDE SUMMARY TRENDS (continued) 2012 % CHANGE PERSONS KILLED BY GENDER Male Female PERSONS KILLED Driver Passenger Pedestrian Bicyclist Motorcyclist Farm Equipment Train Engineer Snowmobile ORV/ATV Other/Unknown BELT RESTRAINT USE BY DRIVER Reported Restrained - Killed Reported Not Restrained - Killed Reported Restrained - Injured... 43,086 44, Reported Not Restrained - Injured... 1,760 1, BELT RESTRAINT USE BY INJURED PASSENGER Reported Restrained - Killed Reported Not Restrained - Killed Reported Restrained - Injured... 14,253 14, Reported Not Restrained - Injured... 1,643 1, DRIVER AGE INVOLVED Fatal Crashes Personal Injury Crashes... 11,415 11, Property Damage Crashes... 40,071 41, All Crashes 51,616 52, Persons Killed Persons Injured... 16,576 16, DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER INVOLVED Fatal Crashes Personal Injury Crashes... 8,272 8, Property Damage Crashes... 30,382 32, All Crashes 38,840 41, Persons Killed Persons Injured... 11,969 12, Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

57 1 YEAR TRENDS (continued) MORE MICHIGAN CRASH FACTS CRASH FACTS 2012 % Change Licensed Drivers 7,064,569 7,096, Registered Vehicles in Michigan 8,104,876 8,171, Michigan Population 9,823,360 9,895, Drivers Involved in Crashes 459, , Occupants Involved in Crashes 582, , Estimated MV Mileage Traveled (thousands) 94,289,589 95,135, Death Rate Per 100 Million Vehicle Miles Fatal Crash Rate Per 100 Million Veh Miles COST OF CRASHES IN MICHIGAN The cost estimate for Michigan crashes in is $ (see note). This estimate is based on the National Safety Council s cost estimating procedures. Average comprehensive costs are based on the following figures: Comprehensive Costs, Death... $ Incapacitating injury... $ Nonincapacitating evident injury... $ Possible injury... $ No injury... $ These cost estimates are not intended for comparisons to previous years. Deaths and injuries are calculated by number of persons. No injury is calculated per crash. Note: Information on the cost of crashes will be available from the National Safety Council later this year. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 33

58 1 YEAR TRENDS (continued) WHERE TRAFFIC FATALITIES OCCURRED 0/1 KEWEENAW HOUGHTON 3/1 GOGEBIC 1/1 ONTONAGON 1/2 IRON 2/1 BARAGA 3/0 MARQUETTE 3/8 DICKINSON 1/4 ALGER 6/2 DELTA 5/2 SCHOOLCRAFT 1/0 LUCE 0/1 MACKINAC 4/1 CHIPPEWA 7/3 2/3 MENOMINEE Where Traffic Fatalities Occurred A One-Year Comparison Where ities = 951 / 2012 = / Same or decrease Increase MASON 6/4 0/3 LEELANAU BENZIE 3/4 MANISTEE 5/3 LAKE 1/2 OCEANA 2/3 NEWAYGO 7/10 11/15 MUSKEGON OTTAWA 19/18 ALLEGAN 15/14 GRAND TRAVERSE 14/12 WEXFORD 8/6 OSCEOLA 6/3 MECOSTA 9/9 EMMET 3/1 CHEBOYGAN 6/1 CHARLEVOIX 3/1 ANTRIM 3/6 KALKASKA 9/4 MISSAUKEE 3/1 MONTCALM 6/15 KENT 48/46 IONIA 8/11 BARRY 11/9 CLARE 5/5 ISABELLA 4/6 EATON 11/12 OTSEGO 3/3 CRAWFORD 3/1 ROS- COMMON 8/3 GRATIOT 3/3 CLINTON 5/10 GLADWIN 2/2 MIDLAND 5/7 INGHAM 17/20 0/1 PRESQUE ISLE MONT- MORENCY 4/1 OSCODA 0/0 OGEMAW 5/1 ARENAC 7/3 BAY 10/20 SAGINAW 21/24 SHIA- WASSEE 4/7 ALPENA 1/0 ALCONA 2/1 IOSCO 3/7 GENESEE 30/35 LIVINGSTON 15/17 TUSCOLA 5/14 LAPEER 12/5 OAKLAND 57/57 HURON 9/2 SANILAC 3/2 ST. CLAIR 13/23 MACOMB 52/53 VAN BUREN 19/15 KALAMAZOO 36/29 CALHOUN 19/12 JACKSON 15/18 WASHTENAW 34/23 WAYNE 164/156 CASS 26/17 12/14 BERRIEN ST. JOSEPH 11/7 BRANCH 4/8 HILLSDALE 5/11 LENAWEE 14/18 MONROE 28/32 34 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

59 MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC DEATHS IN MICHIGAN BY MONTH Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 35

60 MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC CRASH AND RELATED DATA of Estimated Motor Vehicle Death Rate Year Deaths Persons Crashes Mileage Registrations Per 100 million Injured (Millions) miles of travel , , ,078 34, ,498, , , ,794 36, ,646, , , ,444 38, ,860, , , ,598 40, ,066, , , ,880 43, ,133, , , ,004 45, ,161, , , ,495 48, ,327, , , ,223 50, ,560, , , ,715 53, ,683, , , ,015 55, ,835, , , ,745 57, ,160, , , ,864 58, ,442, , , ,763 55, ,652, , , ,560 56, ,744, , , ,600 61, ,861, , , ,751 64, ,138, , , ,193 67, ,436, , , ,435 64, ,536, , , ,594 61, ,570, , , ,831 62, ,140, , , ,971 61, ,400, , , ,797 63, ,443, , , ,193 65, ,509, , , ,904 68, ,857, , , ,694 70, ,952, , , ,224 75, ,061, , , ,437 77, ,196, , , ,252 79, ,233, , , ,180 81, ,300, , , ,847 81, ,329, , , ,942 84, ,411, , , ,636 85, ,495, , , ,050 85, ,669, , , ,073 85, ,751, , , ,477 87, ,106, , , ,793 89, ,115, , , ,766 91, ,227, , , ,675 93, ,407, , , ,852 94, ,569, , , ,813 96, ,603, , , ,515 98, ,690, , , , , ,708, ,159 99, , , ,578, ,129 90, , , ,464, ,084 81, , , ,353, ,084 80, , , ,409, , , , ,187, , ,978 95, ,145, , ,075 97, ,101, , ,049 94, ,131, , ,891 94, ,104, , ,061 95, ,171, Excludes trailers and trailer coaches, and includes mopeds 36 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

61 Age

62

63 AGE and INJURY SEVERITY by PERSON TYPE Driver Injured Passenger Motorcyclist Bicyclist Pedestrian Age Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Driver age is calculated from birth date, and invalid date of birth entry errors result in age "0" drivers. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 39

64 AGE and INJURY SEVERITY by PERSON TYPE (continued) Driver Injured Passenger Motorcyclist Bicyclist Pedestrian Age Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured 33 7, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

65 AGE and INJURY SEVERITY by PERSON TYPE (continued) Age Driver Injured Passenger Motorcyclist Bicyclist Pedestrian Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured 66 4, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 41

66 AGE and INJURY SEVERITY by PERSON TYPE (continued) Age Driver Injured Passenger Motorcyclist Bicyclist Pedestrian Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Unknown 42, s 484, ,050 17, ,561 3, ,497 1, ,479 2, ,941 Includes 37,526 drivers with unknown injury severity and 395,501 with no injury Includes 64 passengers with unknown injury severity Includes 80 motorcyclists with unknown injury severity and 799 with no injury Includes 61 bicyclists with unknown injury severity and 335 with no injury Includes 60 pedestrians with unknown injury severity and 242 with no injury 42 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

67 DRIVER AGE DRIVER ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Going straight ahead 32, , Turning left 4, , Turning right 1, Stopped on roadway 3, In prior crash Changing lanes 1, Backing 1, Slowing/stopping on roadway 5, , Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway 1, Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking Entering roadway Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) Avoiding vehicle (angle) Driverless moving Parked Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing/lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown Drivers 56, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 43

68 DRIVER AGE (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A NONCOLLISION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Loss of control Cross center/median Ran off road left Ran off road right Re-enter road Overturn 1, Separation of units Fire/explosion Immersion Jackknife Downhill runaway Cargo loss/shift Individual fell off Other noncollision NONCOLLISION Subtotal 2, MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A NONFIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Pedestrian Bicyclist (Pedalcycle) Motor vehicle in transport 40, , Parked motor vehicle 1, Railway train Animal 2, Other nonfixed objects COLLISION NONFIXED Subtotal 45, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

69 DRIVER AGE (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A FIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Bridge/pier/abutment Bridge parapet end Bridge rail Guardrail face Guardrail end Median barrier Highway traffic sign post Highway signal post Luminaire/light support Utility pole Other pole Culvert Curb Ditch 1, Embankment Fence Mailbox Tree 2, Rail crossing signal Building Traffic island Fire hydrant Impact attenuator Other fixed object COLLISION FIXED Subtotal 8, , For drivers age 16-20, a tree is the fixed object associated with the highest proportion of all crashes (4.0%), fatal crashes (11.2%), and injury crashes (5.6%). All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Unknown Event TOTAL MOST HARMFUL EVENT 56, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 45

70 DRIVER AGE (continued) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes CRASH TYPE of Drivers Fatal Injury Single Vehicle 13, , Head On Head On - Left Turn 1, Angle 11, , Rear End 18, , Rear End - Left Turn Rear End - Right Turn Sideswipe - Same Direction 5, Sideswipe - Opposite Direct 1, Other/Unknown 2, Drivers 56, , Based on crash type, teen and young adult drivers are involved in the largest proportion of rear end crashes for all crashes (33.5%) and injury crashes (31.0%). For fatal crashes the largest proportion is single vehicle crashes (39.2%), RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAY (LOCATION OF FIRST IMPACT IN CRASH) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury On Road 47, , Median Shoulder 2, Outside of Shoulder/Curb 5, , Gore Other/Unknown Drivers 56, , Other than on the road crashes, teen and young adult drivers have the highest proportion where the first impact is outside the shoulder/curb for all crashes (9.6%), fatal crashes (17.6%), and injury crashes (11.0%). ROADWAY TYPE IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Interstate Routes 5, , U.S. & Michigan Roads 15, , County & City Roads 34, , Drivers 56, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

71 DRIVER AGE (continued) TIME OF DAY IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Midnight - 2:59 AM 2, :00 AM - 5:59 AM 1, :00 AM - 8:59 AM 6, , :00 AM - 11:59 AM 6, , Noon - 2:59 PM 10, , :00 PM - 5:59 PM 15, , :00 PM - 8:59 PM 8, , :00 PM - 11:59 PM 5, , Unknown Drivers 56, , For drivers age 16-20, the 3:00-5:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of all crashes (27.2%) and injury crashes (27.4%). The 3:00-5:59 PM and 6:00-8:59 PM time periods both have the highest proportion of fatal crashes (16.8%). All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Hazardous Citation Issued HAZARDOUS ACTION of Drivers Fatal Injury Issued None 18, , Speed too fast 7, , , Speed too slow Failed to yield 6, , , Disregard traffic control 1, Drove wrong way Drove left of center Improper passing Improper lane use 1, Improper turn Improper/no signal Improper backing Unable to stop in assured clear distance 12, , , Reckless driving Careless/negligent driving 2, , Other 2, Unknown Drivers 56, , , After no hazardous action, the second highest hazardous action category for drivers age for all crashes (22.2%) and injury crashes (20.7%) occurs when the driver is unable to stop in an assured clear distance. For fatal crashes, the second highest category is speed too fast (20.0%). Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 47

72 DRIVER AGE (continued) DAY OF WEEK IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Monday 8, , Tuesday 8, , Wednesday 8, , Thursday 8, , Friday 9, , Saturday 7, , Sunday 5, , Drivers 56, , DRIVER GENDER IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Male 30, , Female 25, , Unknown Drivers 56, , For drivers age 16-20, male drivers (66.4%) are nearly two times the percent of female drivers (33.6%) in fatal crashes. OCCUPANTS IN MOTOR VEHICLE All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury 1 occupant 40, , occupants 11, , occupants 2, occupants 1, occupants occupants occupants Unknown Drivers 56, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

73 DRIVER AGE (continued) VEHICLE TYPE CRASH INVOLVEMENT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Passenger Car and Station Wagon 48, , Van and Motorhome 1, Pickup 5, , Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) Motorcycle Moped Go Cart Snowmobile Off Road Vehicle Other Unknown CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) of Drivers 56, , CDL Truck/Bus Sub-category Types All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Commercial Vehicle: Group A Commercial Vehicle: Group B Commercial Vehicle: Group C Other Truck Unknown Truck of Drivers Group A is any vehicle that is towing a vehicle or trailer that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs. Group B is any single vehicle (including buses) with a GVWR of 26,001 lbs. or more. This would include a combination of vehicles with a combined GVWR over 26,000 lbs. when towing a trailer that has a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less. Group C is any single vehicle with a GVWR of less than 26,001 lbs. or a combination of vehicles having a combined GVWR under 26,001 lbs. when the vehicle is required to display placards for hazardous material or designed to carry 16 passengers (including driver). Group C is also any vehicle carrying 15 or less people (including driver) transporting children to or from school and home on a regular basis for compensation. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 49

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75 DRIVER AGE DRIVER ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Going straight ahead 194, , Turning left 21, , Turning right 9, , Stopped on roadway 42, , In prior crash Changing lanes 8, , Backing 7, Slowing/stopping on roadway 34, , Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway 6, , Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking Entering roadway 3, Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing 1, Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 2, Avoiding vehicle (angle) 1, Driverless moving Parked 1, Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing/lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown 1, Drivers 340, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 51

76 DRIVER AGE (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A NONCOLLISION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Loss of control 1, Cross center/median Ran off road left Ran off road right Re-enter road Overturn 4, , Separation of units Fire/explosion Immersion Jackknife Downhill runaway Cargo loss/shift Individual fell off Other noncollision NONCOLLISION Subtotal 10, , MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A NONFIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Pedestrian 1, Pedalcycle (Bicyclist) 1, Motor vehicle in transport 243, , Parked motor vehicle 6, Railway train Animal 42, Other nonfixed objects 3, COLLISION NONFIXED Subtotal 297, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

77 DRIVER AGE (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A FIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Bridge/pier/abutment Bridge parapet end Bridge rail Guardrail face 2, Guardrail end Median barrier 3, Highway traffic sign post 1, Highway signal post Luminaire/light support Utility pole 2, Other pole Culvert Curb 1, Ditch 4, Embankment Fence Mailbox 1, Tree 7, , Rail crossing signal Building Traffic island Fire hydrant Impact attenuator Other fixed object 1, COLLISION FIXED Subtotal 32, , For drivers age 21-64, a tree is the fixed object associated with the highest proportion of all crashes (2.1%), fatal crashes (9.0%), and injury crashes (3.1%). All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Unknown Event TOTAL MOST HARMFUL EVENT 340, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 53

78 DRIVER AGE (continued) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes CRASH TYPE of Drivers Fatal Injury Single Vehicle 82, , Head On 4, , Head On - Left Turn 8, , Angle 61, , Rear End 111, , Rear End - Left Turn 4, , Rear End - Right Turn 4, Sideswipe - Same Direction 37, , Sideswipe - Opposite Direct 6, , Other/Unknown 18, , Drivers 340, , Based on crash type, drivers age are involved in the largest proportion of rear end crashes for all crashes (32.8%) and for injury crashes (36.0%). Single vehicle crashes are the largest proportion of fatal crashes (35.8%). RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAY (LOCATION OF FIRST IMPACT IN CRASH) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury On Road 306, , Median 2, Shoulder 9, , Outside of Shoulder/Curb 18, , Gore Other/Unknown 3, Drivers 340, , Other than on the road crashes, teen and young adult drivers have the highest proportion where the first impact is outside the shoulder/curb for all crashes (5.3%), injury crashes (14.2%), and fatal crashes (6.5%). ROADWAY TYPE IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Interstate Routes 47, , U.S. & Michigan Roads 104, , County & City Roads 189, , Drivers 340, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

79 DRIVER AGE (continued) TIME OF DAY IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Midnight - 2:59 AM 12, , :00 AM - 5:59 AM 12, , :00 AM - 8:59 AM 51, , :00 AM - 11:59 AM 44, , Noon - 2:59 PM 59, , :00 PM - 5:59 PM 84, , :00 PM - 8:59 PM 49, , :00 PM - 11:59 PM 26, , Unknown Drivers 340, , For drivers age 21-64, the 3:00-5:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of all crashes (24.9%), fatal crashes (17.8%), and injury crashes (26.6%). All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Hazardous Citation Issued HAZARDOUS ACTION of Drivers Fatal Injury Issued None 190, , Speed too fast 24, , , Speed too slow Failed to yield 25, , , Disregard traffic control 6, , , Drove wrong way Drove left of center 1, Improper passing 1, Improper lane use 6, , Improper turn 2, , Improper/no signal Improper backing 5, , Unable to stop in assured clear distance 46, , , Reckless driving 1, Careless/negligent driving 8, , , Other 11, , , Unknown 7, , Drivers 340, , , After no hazardous action, the second highest hazardous action category for drivers age for all crashes (13.5%) and injury crashes (13.6%) occurs when the driver is unable to stop in an assured clear distance. For fatal crashes, the second highest category is speed too fast (13.9%). Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 55

80 DRIVER AGE (continued) DAY OF WEEK IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Monday 50, , Tuesday 52, , Wednesday 53, , Thursday 54, , Friday 56, , Saturday 42, , Sunday 30, , Drivers 340, , DRIVER GENDER IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Male 186, , Female 154, , Unknown Drivers 340, , For drivers age 21-64, male drivers (75.5%) are more than three times the percent of female drivers (24.5%) in fatal crashes. OCCUPANTS IN MOTOR VEHICLE All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury 1 occupant 266, , occupants 49, , occupants 13, , occupants 5, , occupants 1, occupants 1, occupants Unknown Drivers 340, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

81 DRIVER AGE (continued) VEHICLE TYPE CRASH INVOLVEMENT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Passenger Car and Station Wagon 264, , Van and Motorhome 15, , Pickup 39, , Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) 5, , Motorcycle 2, , Moped Go Cart Snowmobile Off Road Vehicle Other 1, Unknown CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) 10, , of Drivers 340, , CDL Truck/Bus Sub-category Types All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Commercial Vehicle: Group A 6, , Commercial Vehicle: Group B 2, Commercial Vehicle: Group C Other Truck Unknown Truck of Drivers 10, , Group A is any vehicle that is towing a vehicle or trailer that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs. Group B is any single vehicle (including buses) with a GVWR of 26,001 lbs. or more. This would include a combination of vehicles with a combined GVWR over 26,000 lbs. when towing a trailer that has a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less. Group C is any single vehicle with a GVWR of less than 26,001 lbs. or a combination of vehicles having a combined GVWR under 26,001 lbs. when the vehicle is required to display placards for hazardous material or designed to carry 16 passengers (including driver). Group C is also any vehicle carrying 15 or less people (including driver) transporting children to or from school and home on a regular basis for compensation. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 57

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83 DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER DRIVER ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Going straight ahead 22, , Turning left 4, , Turning right 1, Stopped on roadway 5, , In prior crash Changing lanes 1, Backing 1, Slowing/stopping on roadway 3, Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway 1, Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking Entering roadway Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) Avoiding vehicle (angle) Driverless moving Parked Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing/lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown Drivers 44, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 59

84 DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A NONCOLLISION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Loss of control Cross center/median Ran off road left Ran off road right Re-enter road Overturn Separation of units Fire/explosion Immersion Jackknife Downhill runaway Cargo loss/shift Individual fell off Other noncollision NONCOLLISION Subtotal MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A NONFIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Pedestrian Pedalcycle (Bicyclist) Motor vehicle in transport 33, , Parked motor vehicle 1, Railway train Animal 4, Other nonfixed objects COLLISION NONFIXED Subtotal 40, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

85 DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A FIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Bridge/pier/abutment Bridge parapet end Bridge rail Guardrail face Guardrail end Median barrier Highway traffic sign post Highway signal post Luminaire/light support Utility pole Other pole Culvert Curb Ditch Embankment Fence Mailbox Tree Rail crossing signal Building Traffic island Fire hydrant Impact attenuator Other fixed object COLLISION FIXED Subtotal 2, For drivers age 65 and over, a tree is the fixed object associated with the highest proportion of all crashes (1.7%), fatal crashes (11.6%), and injury crashes (2.7%). All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Unknown Event TOTAL MOST HARMFUL EVENT 44, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 61

86 DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER (continued) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes CRASH TYPE of Drivers Fatal Injury Single Vehicle 8, , Head On Head On - Left Turn 1, Angle 11, , Rear End 12, , Rear End - Left Turn Rear End - Right Turn Sideswipe - Same Direction 5, Sideswipe - Opposite Direct Other/Unknown 2, Drivers 44, , Based on crash type, elderly drivers are involved in the largest proportion of rear end crashes for all crashes (27.3%), single vehicle crashes for fatal crashes (28.3%), and angle crashes for injury crashes (31.4%). RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAY (LOCATION OF FIRST IMPACT IN CRASH) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury On Road 40, , Median Shoulder Outside of Shoulder/Curb 1, Gore Other/Unknown Drivers 44, , Other than on the road crashes, drivers age 65 and over have the highest proportion where the first impact is outside the shoulder/curb for all crashes (3.9%), injury crashes (12.0%), and fatal crashes (5.3%). ROADWAY TYPE IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Interstate Routes 3, U.S. & Michigan Roads 14, , County & City Roads 25, , Drivers 44, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

87 DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER (continued) TIME OF DAY IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Midnight - 2:59 AM :00 AM - 5:59 AM :00 AM - 8:59 AM 3, :00 AM - 11:59 AM 8, , Noon - 2:59 PM 11, , :00 PM - 5:59 PM 11, , :00 PM - 8:59 PM 5, , :00 PM - 11:59 PM 2, Unknown Drivers 44, , For drivers age 65 and over, the noon - 2:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of all crashes (26.5%), fatal crashes (25.8%), and injury crashes (30.0%). All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Hazardous Citation Issued HAZARDOUS ACTION of Drivers Fatal Injury Issued None 22, , Speed too fast 1, Speed too slow Failed to yield 6, , , Disregard traffic control 1, Drove wrong way Drove left of center Improper passing Improper lane use 1, Improper turn Improper/no signal Improper backing 1, Unable to stop in assured clear distance 4, , , Reckless driving Careless/negligent driving Other 1, Unknown 1, Drivers 44, , , After no hazardous action, the second highest hazardous action category for drivers age 65 and over for all crashes (14.7%), fatal crashes (18.9%), and injury crashes (18.3%) occurs when the driver fails to yield. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 63

88 DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER (continued) DAY OF WEEK IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Monday 6, , Tuesday 6, , Wednesday 7, , Thursday 7, , Friday 7, , Saturday 5, , Sunday 3, Drivers 44, , DRIVER GENDER IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Male 25, , Female 18, , Unknown Drivers 44, , For drivers age 65 and over, male drivers (73.0%) are nearly three times the percent of female drivers (27.0%) in fatal crashes. OCCUPANTS IN MOTOR VEHICLE All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury 1 occupant 34, , occupants 8, , occupants occupants occupants occupants occupants Unknown Drivers 44, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

89 DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER (continued) VEHICLE TYPE CRASH INVOLVEMENT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Passenger Car and Station Wagon 35, , Van and Motorhome 2, Pickup 4, Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) Motorcycle Moped Go Cart Snowmobile Off Road Vehicle Other Unknown CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) of Drivers 44, , CDL Truck/Bus Sub-category Types All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Drivers Fatal Injury Commercial Vehicle: Group A Commercial Vehicle: Group B Commercial Vehicle: Group C Other Truck Unknown Truck of Drivers Group A is any vehicle that is towing a vehicle or trailer that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs. Group B is any single vehicle (including buses) with a GVWR of 26,001 lbs. or more. This would include a combination of vehicles with a combined GVWR over 26,000 lbs. when towing a trailer that has a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less. Group C is any single vehicle with a GVWR of less than 26,001 lbs. or a combination of vehicles having a combined GVWR under 26,001 lbs. when the vehicle is required to display placards for hazardous material or designed to carry 16 passengers (including driver). Group C is also any vehicle carrying 15 or less people (including driver) transporting children to or from school and home on a regular basis for compensation. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 65

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91 Alcohol/Drug

92

93 ROADWAY INJURY EXPERIENCE FOR PERSONS WHO HAD BEEN DRINKING AND/OR USING DRUGS Alcohol and/or drug use affects the judgment and behavior of people in addition to motor vehicle drivers. Consider the experience of impaired bicyclists, motorcyclists, ORV/ATV riders, pedestrians, and snowmobilers when looking at crash statistics. Crashes involving drinking, not drugs Crashes involving drugs, not drinking Crashes involving drinking & drugs crashes involving drinking and/or drugs BICYCLIST Bicyclist in crash Bicyclist drinking Bicyclist in crash Bicyclist drugged Bicyclist in crash Bicyclist drink & drug Bicyclist in crash Bicyclists in crashes 1, Bicyclists killed Bicyclists injured 1, Bicyclist drink &/or drug DRIVER Crashes involving drinking, not drugs Driver in crash Driver drinking Crashes involving drugs, not drinking Driver in crash Driver drugged Crashes involving drinking & drugs Driver in crash Driver drink & drug crashes involving drinking and/or drugs Driver in crash Drivers in crashes 484,446 12,974 8,747 1,799 1,054 1, ,239 10,716 Drivers killed Drivers injured 50,050 3,312 2, ,313 3,217 Driver drink &/or drug Crashes involving drinking, not drugs Crashes involving drugs, not drinking Crashes involving drinking & drugs crashes involving drinking and/or drugs MOTORCYCLIST Motorcyclist in crash Motorcyclist drinking Motorcyclist in crash Motorcyclist drugged Motorcyclist in crash Motorcyclist drink & drug Motorcyclist in crash Motorcyclist drink &/or drug Motorcyclists in crashes 3, Motorcyclists killed Motorcyclists injured 2, Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 69

94 ROADWAY INJURY EXPERIENCE FOR PERSONS WHO HAD BEEN DRINKING AND/OR USING DRUGS (continued) Crashes involving drinking, not drugs Crashes involving drugs, not drinking Crashes involving drinking & drugs crashes involving drinking and/or drugs ORV/ATV RIDER ORV/ATV rider in crash ORV/ATV rider drinking ORV/ATV rider in crash ORV/ATV rider drugged ORV/ATV rider in crash ORV/ATV rider drink & drug ORV/ATV rider in crash ORV/ATV riders in crashes ORV/ATV riders killed ORV/ATV riders injured ORV/ATV rider drink &/or drug Crashes involving drinking, not drugs Crashes involving drugs, not drinking Crashes involving drinking & drugs crashes involving drinking and/or drugs PEDESTRIAN Pedestrian in crash Pedestrian drinking Pedestrian in crash Pedestrian drugged Pedestrian in crash Pedestrian drink & drug Pedestrian in crash Pedestrians in crashes 2, Pedestrians killed Pedestrians injured 1, Pedestrian drink &/or drug Crashes involving drinking, not drugs Crashes involving drugs, not drinking Crashes involving drinking & drugs crashes involving drinking and/or drugs SNOWMOBILER Snowmobiler in crash Snowmobiler drinking Snowmobiler in crash Snowmobiler drugged Snowmobiler in crash Snowmobiler drink & drug Snowmobiler in crash Snowmobiler drink &/or drug Snowmobilers in crashes Snowmobilers killed Snowmobilers injured Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

95 DRIVER DRINKING AND/OR USING DRUGS AND INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH BY AGE AGE OF DRIVER IN CRASH Drinking Only MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Injury Drug Only Both Drinking Only Drug Only Both Drinking Only 13 years & under years years years years years years years years 1, , years 2, , , years 1, , years 1, , years years years years years years years & over Unknown ,758 1, , , ,102 Drug Only Both The driver age group 25 to 34 years represents the highest number of drinking and/or drug use in total crashes, fatal crashes, and injury crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 71

96 ALL CRASHES BY INJURY SEVERITY PROPERTY DAMAGE ONLY 81.7% INJURY (C) 11.9% FATAL (K) 0.3% INJURY (A) 1.5% INJURY (B) 4.6% The majority of crashes do not involve injury (81.7%). About two thirds of those that do involve injury are only minor (C) injury crashes. HAD-BEEN-DRINKING CRASHES BY INJURY SEVERITY PROPERTY DAMAGE ONLY 59.1% FATAL (K) 2.6% INJURY (A) 7.4% INJURY (C) 17.3% INJURY (B) 13.6% The problem of the drinking driver, pedestrian, and/or cyclist is seen by comparing the two charts on this page. All injury levels are greater, and a fatality in the crash is almost nine times more likely when one of the crash-involved operators is reported as had-been-drinking (HBD). 72 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

97 DEATH & INJURY FOR CRASH INVOLVED OCCUPANTS NO INJURY 85.3% Occupants in Crashes FATAL (K) 0.2% INJURY (A) 1.0% INJURY (B) 3.4% INJURY (C) 10.2% The majority of occupants involved in crashes are not injured (85.3%). Almost seventy percent of those who are injured receive only minor (C) injuries. Occupants in HBD Crashes NO INJURY 64.3% FATAL (K) 1.6% INJURY (A) 5.7% INJURY (B) 11.4% INJURY (C) 17.0% Crashes involving drinking tend to be more serious than nondrinking crashes. The percentage of occupant fatalities is eight times higher than in all crashes and the most serious injury level (A) is almost six times higher. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 73

98 ALL DRIVERS and HBD DRIVERS INJURY SEVERITY - EJECTED vs. NOT EJECTED As can be seen in the two charts below, death and injury are much more likely when drivers are ejected from vehicles. Ejected No Injury 23.9% Not Ejected Injury (C) 16.2% Killed 10.4% Killed 0.1% Injury (A) 0.7% Injury (B) 2.5% Injury (C) 7.9% No Injury 88.8% Injury (B) 22.6% Injury (A) 26.9% When compared to the charts above, the charts below demonstrate that the injury severity is much worse for drivers who had been drinking in both ejected and non-ejected events. HBD Ejected Injury (B) 19.5% HBD Not Ejected No Injury 70.3% Injury (C) 9.8% Killed 1.1% Injury (A) 4.4% Injury (A) 38.5% No Injury 5.9% Injury (B) 10.8% Killed 26.3% Injury (C) 13.4% 74 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

99 ALL OCCUPANTS and OCCUPANTS of HBD CRASHES INJURY SEVERITY - EJECTED vs. NOT EJECTED As can be seen in the two charts below, death and injury are much more likely when occupants are ejected from vehicles. Ejected No Injury 19.1% Not Ejected Injury (C) 16.0% Killed 10.6% Killed 0.1% Injury (A) 0.9% Injury (B) 3.3% No Injury 85.5% Injury (C) 10.2% Injury (B) 25.4% Injury (A) 29.0% When compared to the charts above, the charts below demonstrate that the injury severity is much worse for occupants in a crash where drinking is reported in both ejected and non-ejected events. HBD Ejected Injury (B) 18.2% No Injury 65.5% HBD Not Ejected Injury (C) 10.3% Injury (A) 42.3% No Injury 5.5% Killed 1.1% Injury (A) 5.0% Killed 23.7% Injury (C) 17.1% Injury (B) 11.3% Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 75

100 INJURY SEVERITY & RESTRAINT USE BY DRIVER INJURY ALL CRASHES 40,000 1,600 Drivers - Restraints Used 30,000 1,200 20, , Drivers - Restraints Not Used 0 0 Possible Injury (C) Non-Incapacitating Injury (B) Incapacitating Injury (A) Fatal (K) Restraints Used Restraints Not Used HBD CRASHES 2, Drivers - Restraints Used 1, , Drivers - Restraints Not Used 0 0 Possible Injury (C) Non-Incapacitating Injury (B) Incapacitating Injury (A) Fatal (K) Restraints Used Restraints Not Used 76 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

101 INJURY SEVERITY & RESTRAINT USE BY OCCUPANT INJURY ALL CRASHES 50,000 2,500 Occupants - Restraints Used 40,000 2,000 30,000 1,500 20,000 1,000 10, Occupants - Restraints Not Used 0 0 Possible Injury (C) Non-Incapacitating Injury (B) Incapacitating Injury (A) Fatal (K) Restraints Used Restraints Not Used HBD CRASHES 2, Occupants - Restraints Used 2, , , Occupants - Restraints Not Used 0 0 Possible Injury (C) Non-Incapacitating Injury (B) Incapacitating Injury (A) Fatal (K) Restraints Used Restraints Not Used Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 77

102 ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN FATAL CRASHES Fatal crashes (total of non-hbd and HBD fatal crashes) were lowest in April. HBD fatal crashes were highest in number during the month of August. The number of total fatal crashes reached highest levels in July. HBD Fatal Crashes by Month HBD Fatal Crashes Fatal Crashes 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D s HBD Fatal Crashes Fatal Crashes Alcohol-involved Fatalities Alcohol-involved Fatalities by Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Alc-inv. Fatalities Fatalities Note: An alcohol-involved fatality is any person killed in an HBD crash s Fatalities 78 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

103 HBD Fatal Crashes by Day of Week HBD Fatal Crashes Fatal Crashes 0 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun HBD Fatal Crashes Fatal Crashes s Friday and Saturday had the most fatal crashes while Saturday and Sunday had the highest proportions of drinking-related fatal crashes in. On Sunday, 46.5 percent of the fatal crashes involved drinking, while only 16.7 percent of the fatal crashes on Tuesday involved drinking. HBD Fatal Crashes by Time of Day HBD Fatal Crashes Fatal Crashes 0 12:00-2:59A 3:00-5:59A 6:00-8:59A 9:00-11:59A HBD Fatal Crashes Fatal Crashes Not surprisingly, the 12:00 AM to 2:59 AM time period had the highest rate of drinking involvement (60.0%), while the 9:00 AM to 11:59 AM time period had the lowest (5.7%). Note: This chart excludes two HBD fatal crashes where time of day was unknown. 12:00-2:59P 3:00-5:59P 6:00-8:59P 9:00-11:59P 0 s Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 79

104 ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN INJURY CRASHES Alcohol involvement in injury crashes is an important indicator of the alcohol impaired driving problem. In, the highest number of HBD injury crashes occurred in August with 407. The highest proportion of HBD injury crashes also occurred in August with 8.5 percent of the injury crashes involving alcohol. HBD Injury Crashes by Month 300 6,000 HBD Injury Crashes 200 4, ,000 Injury Crashes 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D s A Injury - HBD B Injury - HBD ,334 C Injury - HBD ,705 Injury Crashes 4,272 3,844 3,510 3,578 4,531 4,394 4,589 4,778 4,618 4,748 4,450 4,637 51,949 Alcohol-involved Injuries by Month Alcohol-involved Injuries 400 8, , , ,000 Injuries 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D s A Injury - Alc-inv B Injury - Alc-inv ,749 C Injury - Alc-inv ,563 Injuries 5,736 5,170 4,810 4,818 6,339 6,060 6,366 6,683 6,341 6,527 6,070 6,111 71,031 Note: An alcohol-involved injury is any person injured in an HBD crash. 80 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

105 HBD Injury Crashes by Day of Week ,000 HBD Injury Crashes 400 8, , , ,000 Injury Crashes 0 0 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun s A Injury - HBD B Injury - HBD ,334 C Injury - HBD ,705 Injury Crashes 7,281 7,605 7,868 8,058 8,366 7,186 5,585 51,949 HBD injury crashes follow the same basic trends as total crashes during the work week, but the weekend sees a dramatic increase in the proportion of HBD injury crashes to total injury crashes. HBD Injury Crashes by Time of Day ,000 HBD Injury Crashes , , , ,000 Injury Crashes :00-2:59A 3:00-5:59A 6:00-8:59A 9:00-11:59A A Injury - HBD B Injury - HBD C Injury - HBD Injury Crashes , , , , , , , , ,333 1,704 51,920 12:00-2:59P 3:00-5:59P 6:00-8:59P 9:00-11:59P s injury crash frequencies peak in the hours between 3:00 PM and 5:59 PM, while HBD injury crash frequencies peak between midnight and 2:59 AM (a particularly hazardous travel period). These frequencies exclude 29 injury crashes (including four HBD injury crashes) where time of day was unknown. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 81

106 MALE DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH AGE OF DRIVER IN CRASH MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Male Drivers Fatal Injury PDO Fatal A B C 13 years and under years years years 3, , years 5, , years 6, , years 6, , years 6, , years 25, ,426 3,422 20, years 45, ,327 5,757 36, years 39, ,902 4,957 32, years 42, ,950 5,402 34, years 32, ,543 4,213 26, years 10, ,313 8, years 6, , years 4, , years 2, , years 1, , years and over Unknown 4, , , ,252 12,307 31, ,655 NOTE: This table excludes 33,950 drivers of unknown gender. The male driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of crashes for injury crash and PDO crash while the male driver age group 45 to 54 years experienced the highest proportion of fatal crashes. 82 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

107 MALE DRINKING DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH AGE OF DRINKING DRIVER IN CRASH MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Male Drivers Fatal Injury PDO Fatal A B C 13 years and under years years years years years years years years 1, years 1, , years 1, years 1, years years years years years years years and over Unknown , ,183 4,237 NOTE: This table excludes 40 unknown gender drinking drivers. The male drinking driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of crashes for injury crash and PDO crash while the male drinking driver age group 45 to 54 years experienced the highest proportion of fatal crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 83

108 FEMALE DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH AGE OF DRIVER IN CRASH MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Female Drivers Fatal Injury PDO Fatal A B C 13 years and under years years years 3, , years 4, , years 5, , years 6, , years 5, , years 22, ,133 3,486 17, years 39, ,716 6,072 30, years 34, ,404 5,159 27, years 33, ,342 5,095 26, years 24, ,061 3,733 19, years 7, ,060 5, years 4, , years 3, , years 2, , years 1, years and over Unknown 2, , , ,669 9,059 30, ,519 NOTE: This table excludes 33,950 drivers of unknown gender. The female driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of crashes for all crash types. 84 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

109 FEMALE DRINKING DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH AGE OF DRINKING DRIVER IN CRASH MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Female Drivers Fatal Injury PDO Fatal A B C 13 years and under years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown , ,543 NOTE: This table excludes 40 unknown gender drinking drivers. The female drinking driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of crashes for injury crash and PDO crash while the female drinking driver age group 45 to 54 years experienced the highest proportion of fatal crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 85

110 TRAFFIC FATALITIES WITH DRINKING INVOLVEMENT BY COUNTY 0/1 KEWEENAW HOUGHTON 2/0 GOGEBIC 1/1 ONTONAGON 0/0 IRON 0/1 BARAGA 1/0 MARQUETTE 2/5 DICKINSON 1/3 ALGER 2/1 DELTA 3/0 SCHOOLCRAFT 0/0 LUCE 0/0 MACKINAC 1/0 CHIPPEWA 5/0 2/2 MENOMINEE 0/2 LEELANAU BENZIE 1/3 GRAND TRAVERSE 5/2 EMMET 0/0 CHEBOYGAN 4/1 CHARLEVOIX 1/0 ANTRIM 1/3 KALKASKA 3/1 OTSEGO 1/1 CRAWFORD 1/0 0/0 PRESQUE ISLE MONT- MORENCY 1/1 OSCODA 0/0 ALPENA 0/0 ALCONA 1/1 Where HBD Traffic Fatalities Occurred Year-on-Year A One-Year HBD Comparison Fatalities = 284 / 2012 = = Same or decrease Increase MASON 0/1 MANISTEE 1/1 LAKE 0/1 OCEANA 0/1 NEWAYGO 4/2 5/2 MUSKEGON OTTAWA 2/6 ALLEGAN 3/8 WEXFORD 4/1 OSCEOLA 0/0 MECOSTA 3/2 MISSAUKEE 1/0 MONTCALM 3/6 KENT 19/15 IONIA 2/1 BARRY 5/3 CLARE 1/2 ISABELLA 2/0 EATON 5/4 ROS- COMMON 4/1 GRATIOT 2/0 CLINTON 1/1 GLADWIN 0/0 MIDLAND 2/3 INGHAM 7/5 OGEMAW 1/0 ARENAC 3/1 BAY 5/11 SAGINAW 4/8 SHIA- WASSEE 1/0 IOSCO 0/2 GENESEE 12/12 LIVINGSTON 6/6 TUSCOLA 1/5 LAPEER 6/1 OAKLAND 12/15 HURON 2/1 SANILAC 0/1 ST. CLAIR 8/8 MACOMB 14/15 VAN BUREN 3/4 KALAMAZOO 10/7 CALHOUN 5/6 JACKSON 2/8 WASHTENAW 7/3 WAYNE 39/31 7/6 CASS BERRIEN 1/5 ST. JOSEPH 3/4 BRANCH 1/2 HILLSDALE 1/6 LENAWEE 6/4 MONROE 9/14 86 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

111 COUNTY RANKING BY HBD FATAL CRASH RATE.4515 KEWEENAW HOUGHTON.0000 GOGEBIC.0622 ONTONAGON.0000 BARAGA.0000 IRON.0863 MARQUETTE.0736 DICKINSON.1144 ALGER.1048 DELTA.0000 SCHOOLCRAFT.0000 LUCE.0000 MACKINAC.0000 CHIPPEWA MENOMINEE.0926 LEELANAU BENZIE.1718 GRAND TRAVERSE.0224 EMMET.0000 CHEBOYGAN.0387 CHARLEVOIX.0000 ANTRIM.0854 KALKASKA.0585 OTSEGO.0416 CRAWFORD PRESQUE ISLE MONT- MORENCY.1055 OSCODA.0000 ALPENA.0000 ALCONA.0940 MANISTEE.0405 WEXFORD.0307 MISSAUKEE.0000 ROS- COMMON.0415 OGEMAW.0000 IOSCO.0789 HBD Fatal Crash Rates HBD Fatal Crash Rates State average: per State 1,000 average: residents At or below average Above average Counties shaded in orange have HBD fatal crash rates above the state average. This means that these counties experienced a higher number of HBD fatal crashes per 1,000 residents than the state average of MASON.0349 LAKE.0870 OCEANA.0380 NEWAYGO MUSKEGON OTTAWA.0223 ALLEGAN.0625 OSCEOLA.0000 MECOSTA.0462 MONTCALM.0792 KENT.0212 IONIA.0156 BARRY.0509 VAN BUREN.0265 KALAMAZOO.0236 CLARE.0650 ISABELLA.0000 EATON.0278 CALHOUN.0370 GRATIOT.0000 CLINTON.0132 GLADWIN.0000 MIDLAND.0358 INGHAM.0177 JACKSON.0437 ARENAC.0646 BAY.0935 SAGINAW.0403 SHIA- WASSEE.0000 GENESEE.0287 LIVINGSTON.0328 WASHTENAW.0085 TUSCOLA.0915 LAPEER.0113 OAKLAND.0115 WAYNE.0156 HURON.0308 SANILAC.0237 MACOMB.0153 ST. CLAIR.0498 CASS BERRIEN ST. JOSEPH.0658 BRANCH.0456 HILLSDALE.1082 LENAWEE.0404 MONROE.0861 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 87

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115 MICHIGAN MOTOR VEHICLE-DEER INVOLVED CRASHES Michigan motorists reported 49,205 vehicle-deer crashes in. As a result of those collisions, 1,212 people were injured and 12 people were killed. Seven of the 12 people killed were motorcycle riders, two were passenger car drivers, one was a small truck driver, one was a mini-van driver, and one was a pedestrian. Of the 49,387 vehicles involved, 37,485 (75.9%) were passenger cars, 8,360 (16.9%) were pickups, and 2,052 (4.2%) were minivans, vans, or motorhomes. All other vehicle types (including motorcycle, snowmobile, ORV/ATV, large truck, and moped) totaled 1,490 (3.0%). Motor vehicle-deer crashes occurred most often in Michigan s heavily populated southern counties; Oakland County had the highest number with 1,801 in. 33 KEWEENAW HOUGHTON 191 GOGEBIC 79 ONTONAGON 210 IRON 310 BARAGA 198 MARQUETTE 392 DICKINSON 394 ALGER 105 DELTA 584 SCHOOLCRAFT 188 LUCE 94 MACKINAC 317 CHIPPEWA MENOMINEE 330 LEELANAU BENZIE 290 GRAND TRAVERSE 568 EMMET 490 CHEBOYGAN 408 CHARLEVOIX 532 ANTRIM 424 KALKASKA 267 OTSEGO 230 CRAWFORD PRESQUE ISLE MONT- MORENCY 222 OSCODA 180 ALPENA 360 ALCONA 435 MANISTEE 465 WEXFORD 430 MISSAUKEE 412 ROS- COMMON 364 OGEMAW 439 IOSCO 258 Vehicle-Deer Crashes ,000-1,499 1,500 + MASON 723 LAKE 258 OCEANA 445 NEWAYGO MUSKEGON OTTAWA 944 ALLEGAN 866 VAN BUREN 592 OSCEOLA 648 MECOSTA 820 MONTCALM 1,073 KENT 1,447 IONIA 532 BARRY 586 KALAMAZOO 989 CLARE 541 ISABELLA 917 EATON 1,076 CALHOUN 1,059 GRATIOT 933 CLINTON 1,056 GLADWIN 419 MIDLAND 865 INGHAM 1,044 JACKSON 1,480 ARENAC 372 BAY 413 SAGINAW 954 SHIA- WASSEE 881 LIVINGSTON 785 GENESEE 952 WASHTENAW 1,058 TUSCOLA 874 LAPEER 1,229 OAKLAND 1,801 WAYNE 410 HURON 967 SANILAC 1,071 MACOMB 516 ST. CLAIR CASS BERRIEN 401 ST. JOSEPH 464 BRANCH 805 HILLSDALE 807 LENAWEE 706 MONROE 348 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 91

116 LIGHT CONDITION AND TIME OF DAY IN MOTOR VEHICLE-DEER CRASHES LIGHT CONDITION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Daylight 11, ,036 Dawn 4, ,214 Dusk 2, ,445 Dark Lighted 1, ,878 Dark Unlighted 28, ,768 Other/Unknown , ,106 NOTE: PDO = Property Damage Only Time and Severity of Motor Vehicle - Deer Crashes 8 16,000 All Crashes 12,000 8,000 4, Fatal Crashes 0 Midnight - 2:59 AM 3:00 AM - 5:59 AM 6:00 AM - 8:59 AM 9:00 AM - 11:59 AM Noon - 2:59 PM 3:00 PM - 5:59 PM 6:00 PM - 8:59 PM 9:00 PM - 11:59 PM 0 s All Crashes 3,481 5,122 10,583 2,577 1,963 3,853 12,073 9,527 49,179 Fatal Crashes NOTE: Time and Severity chart excludes 26 crashes where time of day is unknown percent (12,073) of the reported vehicle-deer collisions occurred during the 6:00 PM to 8:59 PM time period. 92 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

117 MONTHLY AND SEASONAL RATES FOR MOTOR VEHICLE-DEER CRASHES MONTH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes PDO Fatal A B C Crashes January 3, ,746 February 2, ,751 March 3, ,471 April 3, ,101 May 3, ,321 June 3, ,860 July 2, ,678 August 2, ,043 September 3, ,374 October 6, ,468 November 8, ,757 December 4, ,536 49, ,106 NOTE: PDO = Property Damage Only Motor Vehicle - Deer Crashes 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 20,157 10,000 5,000 10,093 10,559 8,396 0 Jan-Mar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec 41.0 percent (20,157) of the reported vehicle-deer collisions occurred during the fourth quarter of the year. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 93

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121 ALL CRASHES INJURY SEVERITY BY MONTH Fatal and Crashes , ,000 Fatal Crashes 80 24, , , ,000 Crashes 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D s Fatal Crashes Crashes 27,420 25,779 20,714 19,245 22,206 21,745 20,875 20,353 21,850 27,165 30,460 31, ,061 Injury and PDO Crashes 6,000 36,000 5,000 30,000 Injury Crashes 4,000 24,000 3,000 18,000 2,000 12,000 1,000 6,000 PDO Crashes 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D s Injury Crashes 4,272 3,844 3,510 3,578 4,531 4,394 4,589 4,778 4,618 4,748 4,450 4,637 51,949 PDO Crashes 23,082 21,885 17,151 15,620 17,602 17,279 16,187 15,481 17,134 22,332 25,922 26, ,231 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 97

122 CRASH EXPERIENCE BY ROADWAY TYPE The table below provides a breakdown of estimated vehicle mileage, crashes, deaths, death rates (deaths per 100 million vehicle miles), and crash rates (crashes per 100 million vehicle miles) for the major roadway types in Michigan. All rates are highest on U.S. & Michigan roads, and lowest on interstate routes. Estimated mileage figures for were provided by the Michigan Department of Transportation [11]. STATEWIDE Estimated Mileage (Billions) All Crashes Injury Crashes Deaths Crash Rate Injury Crash Rate Death Rate Interstate Routes ,691 6, U.S. & Michigan Roads ,975 15, County & City Roads ,395 30, ,061 51, Rates per 100 Million Vehicle Miles 500 Death Rate Injury and Crash Rates 0.0 Interstate U.S. & Michigan County & Local Death Rate Injury Crash Rate Crash Rate 98 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

123 CRASH TYPE CRASH TYPE All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Single Vehicle 107, ,896 5,284 8,396 91,464 Head On 3, ,958 Head On - Left Turn 6, ,551 3,598 Angle 44, ,913 7,566 32,928 Rear End 70, ,176 11,544 56,636 Rear End - Left Turn 2, ,081 Rear End - Right Turn 2, ,449 Sideswipe - Same Direction 28, ,723 26,091 Sideswipe - Opposite Direct 5, ,634 Other/Unknown 17, ,654 14, , ,311 13,163 34, ,231 Single Vehicle, Head On, and Angle crash types produce the highest number of fatal crashes (81.6%). Single Vehicle crashes include rollovers, which are a particularly deadly crash type. Rear End-Turning crashes produce the lowest number of fatal crashes (0.6%). RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAY LOCATION OF FIRST IMPACT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes On Road 242, ,089 9,755 28, ,400 Median 2, ,024 Shoulder 13, ,471 10,395 Outside of Shoulder/Curb 25, ,100 3,391 19,461 Gore 1, Other/Unknown 3, , , ,311 13,163 34, ,231 Crashes that happen outside of the normal driving lanes are overrepresented in the fatal count. Only 8.9 percent of crashes occur outside the shoulder of the road, but these crashes account for 21.1 percent of the fatal crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 99

124 TIME AND SEVERITY TIME OF DAY All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Midnight - 2:59 AM 14, ,467 11,341 3:00 AM - 5:59 AM 12, ,071 10,693 6:00 AM - 8:59 AM 41, ,361 4,264 35,260 9:00 AM - 11:59 AM 36, ,699 4,692 29,916 Noon - 2:59 PM 47, ,476 6,715 37,612 3:00 PM - 5:59 PM 63, ,017 8,844 50,966 6:00 PM - 8:59 PM 44, ,949 4,757 37,208 9:00 PM - 11:59 PM 27, ,234 2,651 22,953 Unknown , ,311 13,163 34, ,231 Time and Severity 80, All Crashes 60,000 40,000 20, Fatal Crashes 0 Midnight - 2:59 AM 3:00 AM - 5:59 AM 6:00 AM - 8:59 AM 9:00 AM - 11:59 AM Noon - 2:59 PM 3:00 PM - 5:59 PM 6:00 PM - 8:59 PM 9:00 PM - 11:59 PM Unknown 0 All Crashes Fatal Crashes Crash frequencies peak in the late afternoon, then drop off steadily until 5:59 AM (the morning rush hour). Fatal crash frequencies rise with the frequency of other crashes, but continue at a high rate well into the early morning hours. There are proportionally more fatal crashes during the midnight to 2:59 AM time period. 100 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

125 DAY OF WEEK DAY OF WEEK All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Monday 42, ,680 5,093 35,175 Tuesday 43, ,824 5,198 35,992 Wednesday 43, ,952 5,317 35,889 Thursday 44, ,031 5,431 36,605 Friday 46, ,047 5,583 37,960 Saturday 38, ,037 4,462 30,882 Sunday 29, ,592 3,391 23, , ,311 13,163 34, ,231 Day of Week and Severity 60, All Crashes 45,000 30,000 15, Fatal Crashes 0 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 0 All Crashes Fatal Crashes Crash frequencies were higher Monday through Friday than on the weekend. Friday (16.7%) and Saturday (18.8%) had the highest number of fatal crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 101

126 ROAD CONDITION ROAD SURFACE CONDITION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Dry 185, ,142 9,424 23, ,250 Wet 46, ,944 6,092 37,987 Icy 21, ,349 18,427 Snowy 25, ,146 22,760 Muddy Slushy 4, ,664 Debris Other/Unknown 3, , , ,311 13,163 34, ,231 All Crashes Dry 64.2% Other/Unknown 1.3% Debris 0.1% Slushy 1.5% Muddy 0.1% Snowy 9.0% Icy 7.6% Fatal Crashes Wet 16.2% Dry 74.1% Other/Unknown 0.6% Slushy 0.8% Muddy 0.3% Snowy 5.3% Icy 4.2% Wet 14.6% Most crashes (64.2%) and most fatal crashes (74.1%) occur on dry roads. 102 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

127 WEATHER CONDITION WEATHER CONDITION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Clear 150, ,568 7,643 18, ,361 Cloudy 72, ,040 3,094 8,709 59,198 Fog/Smoke 1, ,212 Rain 26, ,154 3,537 20,991 Snow/Blowing Snow 31, ,011 3,146 27,072 Severe Wind 1, ,189 Sleet/Hail 1, ,287 Other/Unknown 4, , , ,311 13,163 34, ,231 All Crashes Clear 52.1% Other/Unknown 1.4% Sleet/hail 0.5% Severe wind 0.5% Snow/blowing snow 10.9% Cloudy 25.0% Rain 9.0% Fog/smoke 0.5% Clear 56.6% Fatal Crashes Other/Unknown 0.3% Sleet/hail 0.1% Severe wind 0.7% Snow/blowing snow 5.7% Rain 8.5% Fog/smoke 1.0% Cloudy 27.0% Most crashes (52.1%) and most fatal crashes (56.6%) occur in clear weather conditions. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 103

128 LIGHT CONDITION LIGHT CONDITION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Daylight 178, ,728 8,824 24, ,128 Dawn 10, ,862 Dusk 7, ,738 Dark Lighted 32, ,692 4,522 25,956 Dark Unlighted 56, ,017 3,928 49,695 Other/Unknown 2, ,852 s 289, ,311 13,163 34, ,231 All Crashes Daylight 61.8% Dawn 3.5% Dusk 2.7% Dark - Lighted 11.4% Dark - Unlighted 19.6% Other/Unknown 1.0% Fatal Crashes Daylight 48.9% Dawn 2.0% Dusk 2.4% Dark - Lighted 16.9% Other/Unknown 0.7% Dark - Unlighted 29.1% The majority (61.8%) of all crashes happen during daylight hours. Darkened conditions create the greatest hazard, as they are overrepresented in fatal crashes. 104 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

129 INTERSECTION CRASHES BY TRAFFIC CONTROL TYPE TRAFFIC CONTROL TYPE All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Fatal A B C PDO Crashes Signal 41, ,277 7,425 30,840 Stop Sign 18, ,299 3,113 14,074 Yield Sign 1, ,374 None of These 21, ,213 3,011 17,085 Unknown , ,413 4,909 13,886 63,872 All Crashes Signal 48.9% Stop Sign 22.5% Unknown 0.7% Yield Sign 2.1% None of These 25.8% Fatal Crashes Signal 31.8% Stop Sign 38.2% None of These 29.1% Yield Sign 0.9% Intersections with stop signs are overrepresented in fatal crashes. Driver perception, awareness, and adherence to traffic control signage are all key factors in crashes at intersections. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 105

130 CONSTRUCTION ZONE CRASHES CONSTRUCTION ZONE TYPE All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes PDO Crashes A B C Construction/Maintenance Subtotal Subtotal Indicates roadway construction, maintenance, or repair. The building, maintenance, or repair of the road itself and roadway-related features (e.g., overhead signs, signals). Activity - On Road Lane Closed 1, ,277 Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Activity - Off Road Lane Closed Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Activity - None Lane Closed Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Activity - Unknown Lane Closed Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Subtotal 3, ,538 Utility Indicates work on facilities other than the roadway such as telephone, electrical, cable television, water, or sewer. Activity - On Road Lane Closed Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Activity - Off Road Lane Closed Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Activity - None Lane Closed Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Activity - Unknown Lane Closed Lane Open Unknown Lane Closure Subtotal Unknown Type / Unknown Lane Closure / Activity None Subtotal 2, ,823 6, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

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133 VEHICLE TYPE CRASH INVOLVEMENT Vehicle Type MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN VEHICLE Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury PDO Fatality in Veh Injury No Crash Crash Injury of Vehicles Passenger Car and Station Wagon 376, , , , ,647 Van and Motorhome 20, ,020 16, ,301 18,436 Pickup 53, ,339 43, ,744 48,691 Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) 7, ,512 6, ,037 Motorcycle 3, , , Moped Go Cart Snowmobile Off-Road Vehicle Other 1, , ,798 Unknown 8, , ,175 CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) 11, ,988 9, ,693 of Vehicles 484, , , , , ,517 Special Note: School bus cannot be broken out of CDL Truck/Bus. CDL Truck/Bus Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury PDO Fatality in Veh Injury No Sub-category Type Crash Crash Injury of Vehicles Commercial Vehicle: Group A 6, ,176 5, ,493 Commercial Vehicle: Group B 2, , ,464 Commercial Vehicle: Group C Other Truck 1, Unknown Truck of Vehicles 11, ,988 9, ,693 Group A is any vehicle that is towing a vehicle or trailer that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs. Group B is any single vehicle (including buses) with a GVWR of 26,001 lbs. or more. This would include a combination of vehicles with a combined GVWR over 26,000 lbs. when towing a trailer that has a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less. Group C is any single vehicle with a GVWR of less than 26,001 lbs. or a combination of vehicles having a combined GVWR under 26,001 lbs. when the vehicle is required to display placards for hazardous material or designed to carry 16 passengers (including driver). Group C is also any vehicle carrying 15 or less people (including driver) transporting children to or from school and home on a regular basis for compensation. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 109

134 VEHICLE TYPES IN CRASHES BY CRASH SEVERITY Automobile 60.2% FATAL Other 3.8% CDL Truck/Bus 6.9% Van, Minivan, Motorhome 4.5% Motorcycle 9.6% Pickup 13.7% Truck under 10,000 lbs 1.4% The top chart shows that 73.9 percent of vehicles involved in fatal crashes are automobiles or pickups. Van/minivan/motorhome has a fatal crash involvement of 4.5 percent. Motorcycles have a fatal crash involvement of 9.6 percent. INJURY Automobile 77.8% Special Note: "Other" consists of moped, go-cart, snowmobile, off-road vehicle, other, and unknown. Van, Minivan, Motorhome 4.3% Other 1.8% CDL Truck/Bus 2.1% Motorcycle 2.5% Truck under 10,000 lbs 1.6% Pickup 9.9% As with fatal crashes, injury and property damage only (PDO) crashes are represented primarily by cars and pickups. PROPERTY DAMAGE ONLY Automobile 77.8% Van, Minivan, Motorhome 4.3% Other 2.4% CDL Truck/Bus 2.3% Motorcycle 0.2% Truck under 10,000 lbs 1.6% Pickup 11.3% 110 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

135 ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH DRIVER ACTION Vehicles of Vehicles Fatal Crash MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Going straight ahead 260, ,039 4,798 13,580 34, ,969 Turning left 32, ,178 5,349 24,039 Turning right 13, ,279 11,635 Stopped on roadway 51, ,896 9,388 40,176 In prior crash Changing lanes 13, ,029 11,698 Backing 10, ,306 Slowing/stopping on roadway 44, ,415 7,080 35,983 Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway 9, ,552 7,208 Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking 1, Entering roadway 5, ,467 Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing 2, ,288 Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 3, ,494 Avoiding vehicle (angle) 1, ,138 Driverless moving Parked 17, ,807 Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing or lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown 10, , , ,388 7,187 22,147 64, ,181 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 111

136 ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH (continued) MOTORCYCLIST ACTION MOTORCYCLIST INJURY SEVERITY Motorcycles Motorcyclists Fatality Injury No A B C Injury of Motorcycles of Motorcyclists Going straight ahead 2, , Turning left Turning right Stopped on roadway In prior crash Changing lanes Backing Slowing/stopping on roadway Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking Entering roadway Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) Avoiding vehicle (angle) Driverless moving Parked Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing or lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown , , , This table includes 80 motorcyclists (drivers and passengers) with unknown injury severity 112 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

137 ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH (continued) BICYCLIST ACTION of Bicycles BICYCLIST - INJURY SEVERITY Bicycles Bicyclists Fatality Injury No of A B C Injury Bicyclists Going straight ahead 1, , Turning left Turning right Stopped on roadway In prior crash Changing lanes Backing Slowing/stopping on roadway Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking Entering roadway Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) Avoiding vehicle (angle) Driverless moving Parked Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing or lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown , , Includes 61 bicyclists with unknown injury severity Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 113

138 ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH (continued) PEDESTRIAN ACTION PEDESTRIAN - INJURY SEVERITY Pedestrians Fatality Injury No of Pedestrians A B C Injury Going straight ahead Turning left Turning right Stopped on roadway In prior crash Changing lanes Backing Slowing/stopping on roadway Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking Entering roadway Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) Avoiding vehicle (angle) Driverless moving Parked Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing or lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown , Includes 60 pedestrians with unknown injury severity 114 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

139 MOST HARMFUL EVENT NONCOLLISION Motor Vehicles of Vehicles Fatal Crash MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Loss of control 2, ,603 Cross center/median Ran off road left Ran off road right 1, ,121 Re-enter road Overturn 6, ,199 1,584 3,423 Separation of units Fire/explosion Immersion Jackknife Downhill runaway Cargo loss/shift Individual fell off Other noncollision 1, ,147 NONCOLLISION Subtotal 14, ,871 2,569 9,304 HAD A COLLISION WITH Motor Vehicles Fatal NONFIXED OBJECT Crash of Vehicles MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Pedestrian 1, Bicycle / Pedalcycle 1, Motor vehicle in transport 350, ,789 15,562 53, ,740 Parked motor vehicle 15, ,230 Railway train Animal 49, ,021 Other nonfixed objects 4, ,803 COLLISION NONFIXED Subtotal 423, ,028 5,437 17,261 56, ,345 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 115

140 MOST HARMFUL EVENT (continued) HAD A COLLISION WITH Motor Vehicles Fatal FIXED OBJECT Crash of Vehicles MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Bridge/pier/abutment Bridge parapet end Bridge rail Guardrail face 3, ,983 Guardrail end Median barrier 4, ,642 Highway traffic sign post 2, ,511 Highway signal post Luminaire/light support Utility pole 3, ,416 Other pole 1, Culvert Curb 1, ,411 Ditch 6, ,453 Embankment 1, Fence 1, Mailbox 1, ,744 Tree 10, ,054 1,547 7,112 Rail crossing signal Building Traffic island Fire hydrant Impact attenuator Other fixed object 2, ,182 COLLISION FIXED Subtotal 45, ,064 2,972 5,522 35,523 Motor Vehicles of Vehicles Fatal Crash MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Unknown Event 1, ,009 TOTAL MOST HARMFUL EVENT 484, ,388 7,187 22,147 64, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

141 VEHICLE DEFECTS IN CRASH INVOLVEMENT VEHICLE DEFECTS Motor Vehicles of Vehicles Fatal Crash MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Brakes Lights/reflectors Steering Tires/wheels Windows Other None or Unknown 482, ,375 7,139 22,015 64, ,674 TOTAL 484, ,388 7,187 22,147 64, ,181 DRIVER HAZARDOUS ACTION HAZARDOUS ACTION All Drivers of Drivers Fatal Crash MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash None 249, ,114 9,783 31, ,542 Speed too fast 35, ,170 4,604 27,720 Speed too slow Failed to yield 40, ,724 6,883 30,401 Disregard traffic control 9, ,032 2,347 5,802 Drove wrong way Drove left of center 2, ,575 Improper passing 2, ,895 Improper lane use 9, ,834 Improper turn 4, ,676 Improper/no signal Improper backing 7, ,440 Unable to stop in assured clear distance 65, ,017 10,832 52,076 Reckless driving 2, ,494 Careless/negligent driving 12, ,234 1,955 8,569 Other 16, ,078 2,249 13,036 Unknown 24, ,127 20,941 TOTAL 484, ,388 7,187 22,147 64, ,181 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 117

142 MICHIGAN BICYCLE CRASHES Bicycle Crash Information Injured Killed 0 0 Under 1 year old 1-3 years 4-10 years years years years years years years years years 75 and over Unknown s Killed Injured , ,506 In, there were 1,902 bicycles involved in motor vehicles crashes, with 27 bicyclists killed and 1,479 injured. More bicyclists within the years of age group and the years of age group died than any other age group, with 7 killed (25.9%) each. BICYCLE HELMET USE AND INJURY SEVERITY HELMET USE Fatality Injury No Injury A B C Worn Not Worn Unknown Note: 61 bicyclists had an unknown degree of injury and are not represented in this table. The National Center for Statistics and Analysis of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration cites a study by the Centers for Disease Control [12]: Bicycle helmets are 85 to 88 percent effective in mitigating head and brain injuries in all types of bicycle accidents, making the use of helmets the single most effective countermeasure available to reduce head injuries and fatalities resulting from bicycle crashes. 118 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

143 MICHIGAN PEDESTRIAN CRASHES Pedestrian Crash Information Injured Killed 0 0 Under 1 year old 1-3 years 4-10 years years years years years years years years years 75 and over Unknown s Killed Injured , ,090 In, there were 2,392 pedestrians involved in motor vehicles crashes, with 149 pedestrians killed and 1,941 injured. More pedestrians within the years of age group died than any other age group, with 29 killed (19.5%). Pedestrians Injured years 23.0% 0-10 years 12.2% Unknown 1.3% Pedestrians Killed years 24.2% years 8.7% 0-10 years 2.7% Unknown 0.7% 55 and over 16.5% years 23.6% 55 and over 28.2% years 35.6% years 23.4% Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 119

144 MICHIGAN SNOWMOBILE CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS Most Harmful Event SNOWMOBILES MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH NONCOLLISION of Snowmobiles Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Loss of control Cross center/median Ran off road left Ran off road right Re-enter road Overturn Separation of units Fire/explosion Immersion Jackknife Downhill runaway Cargo loss/shift Individual fell off Other noncollision NONCOLLISION Subtotal SNOWMOBILES MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH HAD A COLLISION WITH NONFIXED OBJECT of Snowmobiles Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Pedestrian Bicycle / pedalcycle Motor vehicle in transport Parked motor vehicle Railway train Animal Other nonfixed objects COLLISION NONFIXED Subtotal Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

145 MICHIGAN SNOWMOBILE CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS (continued) Most Harmful Event (continued) SNOWMOBILES MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH HAD A COLLISION WITH FIXED OBJECT of Snowmobiles Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Bridge/pier/abutment Bridge parapet end Bridge rail Guardrail face Guardrail end Median barrier Highway traffic sign post Highway signal post Luminaire/light support Utility pole Other pole Culvert Curb Ditch Embankment Fence Mailbox Tree Rail crossing signal Building Traffic island Fire hydrant Impact attenuator Other fixed object COLLISION FIXED Subtotal Unknown Event TOTAL MOST HARMFUL EVENT NOTE: These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage. A total of 179 snowmobiles were reported in crashes on Michigan public roadways during. Ten of those snowmobiles were involved in ten fatal crashes with each of their operators killed. Alcohol was involved in six of the fatal crashes and two of those fatal crashes also involved drugs. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 121

146 MICHIGAN ORV/ATV CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS Most Harmful Event ORV/ATV MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH NONCOLLISION of ORV/ATVs Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Loss of control Cross center/median Ran off road left Ran off road right Re-enter road Overturn Separation of units Fire/explosion Immersion Jackknife Downhill runaway Cargo loss/shift Individual fell off Other noncollision NONCOLLISION Subtotal ORV/ATV MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH HAD A COLLISION WITH NONFIXED OBJECT of ORV/ATVs Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Pedestrian Bicycle / pedalcycle Motor vehicle in transport Parked motor vehicle Railway train Animal Other nonfixed objects COLLISION NONFIXED Subtotal Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

147 MICHIGAN ORV/ATV CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS (continued) Most Harmful Event (continued) ORV/ATV MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH HAD A COLLISION WITH FIXED OBJECT of ORV/ATVs Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash Bridge/pier/abutment Bridge parapet end Bridge rail Guardrail face Guardrail end Median barrier Highway traffic sign post Highway signal post Luminaire/light support Utility pole Other pole Culvert Curb Ditch Embankment Fence Mailbox Tree Rail crossing signal Building Traffic island Fire hydrant Impact attenuator Other fixed object COLLISION FIXED Subtotal Unknown Event TOTAL MOST HARMFUL EVENT NOTE: These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage. A total of 282 off-road/all-terrain vehicles were reported in crashes on Michigan public roadways during. Eleven of those ORV/ATVs were involved in ten fatal crashes with all of their ORV/ATV operators killed. Alcohol was involved in four of the fatal crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 123

148 MICHIGAN SNOWMOBILE CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS Driver Hazardous Action SNOWMOBILES of Snowmobiles MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C PDO Crash None Speed too fast Speed too slow Failed to yield Disregard traffic control Drove wrong way Drove left of center Improper passing Improper lane use Improper turn Improper/no signal Improper backing Unable to stop in assured clear distance Reckless driving Careless/negligent driving Other Unknown TOTAL MICHIGAN ORV/ATV CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS Driver Hazardous Action ORV/ATV of ORV/ATVs MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Fatal Crash Injury Crash A B C None Speed too fast Speed too slow Failed to yield Disregard traffic control Drove wrong way Drove left of center Improper passing Improper lane use Improper turn Improper/no signal Improper backing Unable to stop in assured clear distance Reckless driving Careless/negligent driving Other Unknown TOTAL NOTE: These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage. PDO Crash 124 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

149 MICHIGAN FARM EQUIPMENT CRASHES A total of 207 crashes involving farm equipment were reported on Michigan roadways during. Of those crashes, two were fatal with one operator of the farm equipment killed. MICHIGAN VEHICLE-TRAIN CRASHES A total of 58 crashes involving trains were reported in Michigan during. Of those crashes, two were fatal with two persons killed, two drivers of passenger cars. MICHIGAN MOTORCYCLE CRASHES MOTORCYCLE DATA 2012 % Change Motorcycle Registrations 273, , Motorcycles in Crashes 3,600 3, Motorcyclist Deaths Motorcyclists Injured 2,870 2, Death Rate based on 10,000 motorcycle registrations Estimated Mileage based on 3,000 miles per motorcycle Death Rate based on deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled 819,342, ,876, Motorcycles were involved in 1.1 percent of all traffic crashes in Michigan in. Injuries were proportionately more severe to motorcyclists than to persons in motor vehicles. The death rate for motorcyclists was per 100 million vehicle miles traveled compared to the overall 1.00 mileage death rate per 100 million vehicle miles traveled. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 125

150 DRIVER GENDER INFORMATION - ALL CRASHES Male 51.0% 246,908 Unknown 7.5% 36,274 Female 41.5% 201,264 Crash Severity Fatal 0.4% 990 Injury 19.5% 48,263 Fatal 0.2% 344 Injury 21.1% 42,401 Male Female Property Damage 80.1% 197,655 Property Damage 78.8% 158,519 A higher proportion of crashes involved male drivers than female drivers. When examining the severity of crashes involving drivers of each gender, fatal crashes are more prevalent among male drivers than female drivers (0.4% vs. 0.2%). 126 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

151 PERSON AGE - DEMOGRAPHICS AND CRASH INVOLVEMENTS Age Licensed Drivers Michigan Population Drivers in All Crashes Drivers in Fatal Crashes Occupants Killed Occupants Injured Bicyclists in All Crashes Bicyclists in Fatal Crashes Pedestrians in All Crashes Pedestrians in Fatal Crashes ,956 1,972, , , ,479 7, , , ,731 10, , , ,821 12, , , ,254 13, , , ,313 12, , , ,516 48, , , ,574 45, , , ,507 39, , , ,527 35, , , ,994 38, , , ,691 37, , , ,323 37, , , ,580 33, , , ,728 24, , , ,579 17, , , ,860 11, , , ,302 7, , , ,218 4, , ,634 3, Unknown , ,096,836 9,895, ,446 1, ,611 1, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 127

152 CRASH RATE PER LICENSED DRIVER BY AGE OF DRIVER IN ALL CRASHES Age Licensed Drivers Drivers in All Crashes Rate , ,797 7, ,411 10, ,635 12, ,905 13, ,732 12, ,034 48, ,752 45, ,967 39, ,086 35, ,771 38, ,943 37, ,106 37, ,885 33, ,590 24, ,132 17, ,949 11, ,310 7, ,540 4, ,482 2, , , ,096, ,130 Note: Data entry errors resulted in an over-representation of age "100+" drivers. Excludes 42,316 drivers with unknown age Licensed drivers age 18 have the highest crash rate at (total crashes in age group divided by total number of licensed drivers in age group). The lower crash rates of the older groups (per licensed driver) may reflect reduced driving and exposure to the risk of a crash. 128 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

153 DRIVER AGE AGE OF DRIVERS IN FATAL CRASHES % Fatal Percent 2012 % Change Crash Active Driving Involvement Population 15 years and under years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown ,352 1, Figures courtesy of the Michigan Department of State [13] Driver Age in Fatal Crashes 300 of Crashes Year 2012 Year Unknown Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 129

154 POSSIBLE CONDITIONS OF DRIVER DRIVER CONDITION MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Conditions Fatal Crash Injury Crash PDO Coded by Police Crash A B C Appeared Normal 400, ,260 18,184 55, ,802 Had Been Drinking 9, ,283 1,618 5,596 Illegal Drug Use Sick 1, Fatigue 1, Asleep 1, Medication Driver Distracted 4, ,953 Using Cellular Phone Unknown 28, ,001 2,694 24,100 Drivers may have more than one condition including Appeared Normal. These are driver conditions that, in the opinion of the investigating officer, were involved in the crash. While some conditions may be evident, others (such as distraction) will only be known if the driver admits to the condition, thus leading to possible underreporting.. DRIVER INJURY SEVERITY BY RESTRAINT, ALCOHOL, AND DRUG USE Drivers Fatality Injury No Injury A B C Unknown All Drivers Restraint Used 423, ,582 10,049 33, , Restraint Not Used 6, , Unknown 54, ,754 37, , ,387 11,480 35, ,501 38,278 Drinking Only Drivers Restraint Used 6, ,902 7 Restraint Not Used Unknown 1, , ,140 6, Drugged Only Drivers Restraint Used Restraint Not Used Unknown , Drinking and Drugged Drivers Restraint Used Restraint Not Used Unknown NOTE: Restraint Used includes shoulder belt only, lap belt only, both lap and shoulder belts, restraint failed, and helmet worn. 130 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

155 RED-LIGHT-RUNNING CRASHES INTERSECTION CRASH TYPE MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Crashes Fatal Crash Injury Crash PDO Crash A B C Related to intersection 84, ,413 4,909 13,886 63,872 In intersection 39, ,978 7,472 27,543 With traffic control signal 19, ,531 3,984 13,033 With hazardous action 5,109 * ,382 2,932 Related to intersection captures crashes that were related to or within 150 feet of an intersection. In intersection captures crashes within all types of intersections. With traffic control signal captures crashes within the intersection and with a traffic control signal present. With hazardous action captures crashes within the intersection, with a traffic control signal, and with a hazardous action cited as disregard of traffic control. * Information pertaining to red-light-running in the following tables is derived from this subset of 5,109 crashes. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 131

156 RED-LIGHT-RUNNING MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH SPEED LIMIT MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes PDO Crashes A B C 5 miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour 1, miles per hour miles per hour 1, miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour miles per hour Unknown , ,382 2,932 Posted speed limit as entered by officer on the UD-10 form. CRASH TYPE MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes PDO Crashes A B C Single Vehicle Head on Head on left turn Angle 4, ,173 2,522 Rear end Rear end left turn Rear end right turn Sideswipe same direction Sideswipe opposite direction Other/ Unknown , ,382 2, Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

157 RED-LIGHT-RUNNING MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH (continued) MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes PDO Crashes A B C School Bus Involved/Associated Drinking Involved Drug Use Involved Pedestrian Involved Bicyclist Involved Snowmobile Involved Motorcycle Involved Train Involved Truck/Bus Involved Emergency Vehicle Involved Driver Hazardous Citation 3, ,801 Crashes may involve more than one special circumstance. MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH POSSIBLE CONDITIONS OF PERSONS IN CRASH Conditions Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes PDO Crashes Coded by Police A B C Appeared Normal 4, ,184 2,428 Had Been Drinking Illegal Drug Use Sick Fatigue Asleep Medication Driver Distracted Using Cellular Phone Unknown Drivers, pedestrians, bicyclists, and train engineers may have more than one condition, including Appeared Normal. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 133

158 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES These crashes involve a heavy truck/bus - defined as having a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs. Heavy truck/bus crashes differ from other vehicle crashes in a number of ways, many reflecting the size and use of these vehicles. When compared to the overall crash picture, heavy truck/bus crashes involve: more turning, backing, and changing lanes as the Truck/Bus Driver Action Prior. more collisions with fixed object = bridge/pier/abutments, nonfixed object = parked motor vehicles, jackknife, cargo loss/shift, and other non-collisions as the Most Harmful Event. fewer collisions with fixed objects = ditches, trees, and nonfixed object = animals. fewer single-vehicle crashes but more sideswipes. fewer drivers indicated to be speeding, failing to yield, reckless driving, disregarding traffic control, and unable to stop in assured clear distance, but more drivers indicated to be making backing, lane use, and turning errors. fewer crashes outside of the shoulder/curb. more crashes between the hours of 6:00 AM and 2:59 PM, and fewer crashes between 3:00 PM and 5:59 AM. more weekday crashes, and a significant drop in weekend crashes. 134 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

159 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES HEAVY TRUCK/BUS All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes DRIVER ACTION of PRIOR TO CRASH Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Going straight ahead 5, , Turning left Turning right Stopped on roadway In prior crash Changing lanes Backing Slowing/stopping on roadway Slowing/stopping other Starting up on roadway Starting up other Entering parking Leaving parking Entering roadway Leaving roadway Making U-turn Overtaking or passing Avoiding object Avoiding animal Avoiding pedestrian Avoiding vehicle (front/back) Avoiding vehicle (angle) Driverless moving Parked Crossing at intersection Crossing not at intersection Getting on/off vehicle In roadway with traffic In roadway against traffic Standing/lying in roadway Pushing/working on vehicle Other working in roadway Playing in roadway In roadway other reason Not in roadway Other Unknown , , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 135

160 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A NONCOLLISION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Loss of control Cross center/median Ran off road left Ran off road right Re-enter road Overturn Separation of units Fire/explosion Immersion Jackknife Downhill runaway Cargo loss/shift Individual fell off Other noncollision NONCOLLISION Subtotal MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A NONFIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Pedestrian Bicyclist Motor vehicle in transport 8, , Parked motor vehicle Railway train Animal Other nonfixed objects COLLISION NONFIXED Subtotal 9, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

161 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued) MOST HARMFUL EVENT IN A COLLISION WITH A FIXED OBJECT All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Bridge/pier/abutment Bridge parapet end Bridge rail Guardrail face Guardrail end Median barrier Highway traffic sign post Highway signal post Luminaire/light support Utility pole Other pole Culvert Curb Ditch Embankment Fence Mailbox Tree Rail crossing signal Building Traffic island Fire hydrant Impact attenuator Other fixed object COLLISION FIXED Subtotal All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Unknown Event TOTAL MOST HARMFUL EVENT 11, , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 137

162 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes CRASH TYPE of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury Single Vehicle 1, Head On Head On - Left Turn Angle 1, Rear End 2, Rear End - Left Turn Rear End - Right Turn Sideswipe - Same Direction 3, Sideswipe - Opposite Direct Other/Unknown 1, , , HAZARDOUS ACTION OF HEAVY TRUCK/BUS Truck/Bus Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury Hazardous Citation Issued of Heavy Trucks Issued None 5, , Speed too fast Speed too slow Failed to yield Disregard traffic control Drove wrong way Drove left of center Improper passing Improper lane use Improper turn Improper/no signal Improper backing Unable to stop in assured clear distance Reckless driving Careless/negligent driving Other Unknown , , , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

163 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued) RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAY (LOCATION OF FIRST IMPACT IN CRASH) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury On Road 10, , Median Shoulder Outside of Shoulder/Curb Gore Other/Unknown , , TIME OF DAY IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury Midnight - 02:59 AM :00 AM - 05:59 AM :00 AM - 08:59 AM 2, :00 AM - 11:59 AM 2, Noon - 02:59 PM 2, :00 PM - 05:59 PM 2, :00 PM - 08:59 PM :00 PM - 11:59 PM Unknown , , ROADWAY TYPE IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury Interstate Routes 3, U.S. & Michigan Roads 3, County & City Roads 4, , , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 139

164 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued) DAY OF WEEK IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury Monday 2, Tuesday 2, Wednesday 2, Thursday 1, Friday 1, Saturday Sunday , , DRIVER GENDER IN CRASH All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury Male 9, , Female 1, Unknown , , NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS in Heavy Truck/Bus All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury 1 occupant 9, , occupants occupants occupants occupants occupants occupants Unknown , , Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

165 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued) All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes VEHICLE TYPES Involved in Crash with Heavy Truck/Bus of Vehicles Subtotal of Vehicles Fatal of Vehicles Injury Passenger Car and Station Wagon 7, , Van and Motorhome Pickup 1, Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) Motorcycle Moped Go Cart Snowmobile Off Road Vehicle Other Unknown Subtotal 9, , HEAVY TRUCK/BUS VEHICLE TYPES All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes of Heavy Trucks Subtotal of Heavy Trucks Fatal of Heavy Trucks Injury Commercial Vehicle: Group A 6, , Commercial Vehicle: Group B 2, Commercial Vehicle: Group C Other Truck 1, Unknown Truck Subtotal 11, , Vehicle Types in Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes 20, ,203 Group A is any vehicle that is towing a vehicle or trailer that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs. Group B is any single vehicle (including buses) with a GVWR of 26,001 lbs. or more. This would include a combination of vehicles with a combined GVWR over 26,000 lbs. when towing a trailer that has a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less. Group C is any single vehicle with a GVWR of less than 26,001 lbs. or a combination of vehicles having a combined GVWR under 26,001 lbs. when the vehicle is required to display placards for hazardous material or designed to carry 16 passengers (including driver). Group C is also any vehicle carrying 15 or less people (including driver) transporting children to or from school and home on a regular basis for compensation. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 141

166 HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued) Heavy Truck/Bus Involved Crash Passenger Vehicle Only Involved Crash Hazardous Citation Issued Single Vehicle Crash Multi-Vehicle Crash Single Vehicle Crash Multi-Vehicle Crash of Trucks/Buses citation of Trucks/Buses citation of Passenger Vehicles citation of Passenger Vehicles citation of Passenger Vehicles None Speed too fast , , Speed too slow Failed to yield , Disregard traffic control , Drove wrong way Drove left of center Improper passing Improper lane use , Improper turn , Improper/no signal Improper backing , Unable to stop in assured clear distance , Reckless driving Careless/Negligent driving , , Other , , Unknown Cited Vehicles , , , , Percent of Vehicles Vehicles with No Citation Issued 1, , , , , Vehicles Involved 1, , , , , citation 142 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

167 Occupant/ Person

168

169 AGE AND GENDER OF OCCUPANTS KILLED OR INJURED IN MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES Occupants Killed Under 1 yr old 1-3 yrs 4-10 yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs 75 yrs & over Unknown Males Killed Females Killed The majority (69.8%) of occupants killed in traffic crashes in were male. Occupants Injured s 9,000 6,000 3,000 0 Under 1 yr old 1-3 yrs 4-10 yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs 75 yrs & over Unknown Males Injured Females Injured Unknown Gender Injured , , ,948 4,054 5, ,106 3,449 4, ,505 5,327 6, ,762 4,296 5, ,540 4,565 5, ,051 3,546 4, ,023 1,943 2, ,342 1,150 1, , ,357 37, ,611 The majority (55.0%) of occupants injured in traffic crashes in were female. Note: An occupant is any injured or killed person in or on a motor vehicle, including all drivers. s Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 145

170 REPORTED OCCUPANT RESTRAINT USAGE FOR ALL DRIVERS AND INJURED PASSENGERS Unknown 11.1% 55,236 Restraints Used 87.5% 435,680 Restraints Not Used 1.4% 6,992 Injury Severity Fatal 0.1% 334 Injury 13.5% 58,630 Injury 45.8% 3,201 Unknown 0.1% 376 Unknown 1.0% 72 Fatal 2.8% 194 Property Damage 86.4% 376,340 Property Damage 50.4% 3,525 Of the 497,900 drivers and injured passengers involved in crashes, 435,680 (87.5%) were REPORTED to be using occupant restraints. Occupants in crashes were 28 times more likely to be killed if they were not wearing their restraints. 146 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

171 MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANTS & INJURY SEVERITY BY SEATING POSITION AND KNOWN BELT USAGE Belts Used Injury Fatal Seating Position A B C No Injury Left Front 419, ,191 9,253 32, ,317 Center Front Right Front 10, ,094 7, Left Rear Center Rear Right Rear 1, Left Rear Third Seat Center Rear Third Seat Right Rear Third Seat Unknown , ,967 12,098 42, ,237 A lap belt, shoulder belt or a combination of lap and shoulder belts used. Children who were coded as using or not using a child restraint device appear in separate tables on the next two pages. This total does not include 363 occupants with unknown injury severity. Belts Not Used Injury Fatal Seating Position A B C No Injury Left Front 4, ,115 Center Front Right Front Left Rear Center Rear Right Rear Left Rear Third Seat Center Rear Third Seat Right Rear Third Seat Unknown , ,001 1,503 3,513 No belts available or no belts used. Children who were coded as using or not using a child restraint device appear in separate tables on the next two pages. This total does not include 68 occupants with unknown injury severity. Michigan law requires that all persons must wear a seat belt when riding in the front seat of a motor vehicle. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 147

172 REPORTED RESTRAINT USE - CHILDREN On July 1, 2008, Michigan law was amended ( To: Any child under four years of age must be in an approved Child Safety Seat (CSS)/Child Restraint Device (CRD), and riding in the rear seat. and All children less than 8 years of age AND who are less than 4 9 in height, must be properly restrained in a child restraint system. and All children ages 8 through 15 must wear a properly adjusted and fastened seat belt when riding in either the front or back seat of a vehicle. Children Age 0 Fatal Injury Restraint Usage % A B C Belts Used No Belts Used Child Restraint Used Child Restraint Not Used Restraint Failed Unknown Children Age 1 Fatal Injury Restraint Usage % A B C Belts Used No Belts Used Child Restraint Used Child Restraint Not Used Restraint Failed Unknown Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

173 REPORTED RESTRAINT USE CHILDREN (continued) Children Age 2 Fatal Injury Restraint Usage % A B C Belts Used No Belts Used Child Restraint Used Child Restraint Not Used Restraint Failed Unknown Children Age 3 Fatal Injury Restraint Usage % A B C Belts Used No Belts Used Child Restraint Used Child Restraint Not Used Restraint Failed Unknown Children Age 4-7 Fatal Injury Restraint Usage % A B C Belts Used No Belts Used Child Restraint Used Child Restraint Not Used Restraint Failed Unknown Children Age 8-15 Injury Fatal Restraint Usage % A B C Belts Used 2, ,600 No Belts Used Child Restraint Used Child Restraint Not Used Restraint Failed Unknown , ,839 Note 1: Safety equipment usage is often self-reported and may not reflect actual usage. Note 2: Information about uninjured passengers does not have to be reported by the officer on the crash report, thus these tables relate the experience of only those children with injuries in crashes Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 149

174 Motor Vehicle Occupant Airbag Deployment MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT INJURY SEVERITY BY KNOWN AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT OCCUPANT INJURY SEVERITY Occupants Fatal Injury % A B C No Injury Deployed 48, ,968 6,309 13,089 26,059 Not deployed 393, ,474 5,978 27, ,154 Not equipped 39, ,250 3,178 6,539 13,086 Unknown 20, , , ,736 15,545 47, ,501 Includes 38,342 occupants (drivers and passengers) with unknown injury severity. 150 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

175 AGE AND GENDER OF MOTORCYCLISTS KILLED OR INJURED IN MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES Motorcyclists Killed Under 1 yr old 1-3 yrs 4-10 yrs yrs yrs yrs Males Killed Females Killed percent of the motorcyclists killed in traffic crashes in were male. In comparison, 69.9 percent of all persons killed in crashes were male. Most motorcyclists killed were in the year age group yrs yrs yrs yrs Motorcyclists Injured yrs 75 yrs & over Unknown s Under 1 yr old 1-3 yrs 4-10 yrs yrs yrs yrs Males Injured Females Injured Unknown Gender Injured , , percent of the motorcyclists injured in traffic crashes in were male. In comparison, 46.0 percent of all persons injured in crashes were male. Most motorcyclists injured were in the year age group yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs 75 yrs & over Unknown s Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 151

176 MOTORCYCLE HELMET USE AND INJURY SEVERITY Helmet Worn Injury No Fatality Age of Motorcyclist A B C Injury 3 years and under years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown Subtotal Helmet Worn Drivers killed 59 Passengers killed 4 Helmet Not Worn Injury No Fatality Age of Motorcyclist A B C Injury 3 years and under years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown Subtotal Helmet Not Worn Drivers killed 55 Passengers killed 4 Helmet Use Unknown Injury Fatality Age of Motorcyclist A B C No Injury 3 years and under years years years years years years years years years years and over Unknown Subtotal Helmet Use Unknown Drivers killed 6 Passengers killed , Michigan motor vehicle crash data represents the last full year of data that was collected during Michigan s universal helmet law, enacted in 1969: Michigan Vehicle Code Public Act 300 of 1949, Section , requiring all motorcycle riders to wear a helmet. On April 13, 2012, Michigan changed their helmet law from a universal to a partial helmet law. The partial law allows some certified Michigan riders, who are over 21 and carry additional insurance, to ride without a helmet. 152 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

177 OCCUPANT INJURY OUTCOME BY VEHICLE TYPE VEHICLE TYPE Killed A Injured B Injured C Injured KABC All Crash Involved KABC Occupants Passenger Car and Station Wagon 476 3,166 11,574 39,263 54, Van (Minivan) and Motorhome ,126 2, Pickup ,528 3,521 5, Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) , Motorcycle , , Moped Go Cart Snowmobile Off Road Vehicle Other Unknown CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) of Occupants 775 4,736 15,545 47,330 68, CDL Truck/Bus Sub-category Type Killed A Injured B Injured C Injured KABC All Crash Involved KABC Occupants Commercial Vehicle: Group A Commercial Vehicle: Group B Commercial Vehicle: Group C Other Truck Unknown Truck of Occupants Group A is any vehicle that is towing a vehicle or trailer that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs. Group B is any single vehicle (including buses) with a GVWR of 26,001 lbs. or more. This would include a combination of vehicles with a combined GVWR over 26,000 lbs. when towing a trailer that has a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less. Group C is any single vehicle with a GVWR of less than 26,001 lbs. or a combination of vehicles having a combined GVWR under 26,001 lbs. when the vehicle is required to display placards for hazardous material or designed to carry 16 passengers (including driver). Group C is also any vehicle carrying 15 or less people (including driver) transporting children to or from school and home on a regular basis for compensation. NOTES: 1) School bus is not recorded on the UD-10 and cannot be broken out of CDL Truck/Bus. 2) These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway (in Michigan) and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage. Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide 153

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179 References

180

181 REFERENCES AND REPORTING AGENCIES [1] Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties of Michigan: Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau. Release Date: March [2] of Deaths by Underlying Cause of Death Michigan Residents, Michigan Department of Community Health, Vital Records and Health Statistics Section, Lansing, MI. [3] Injury Facts. National Safety Council Spring Lake Drive, Itasca, IL [4] Traffic Safety Facts. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC [5] Annual Highway Statistics. Federal Highway Administration. [6] The Ohio Department of Public Safety, 1970 West Broad Street, Columbus, OH [7] Indiana University Public Policy Institute, Center for Criminal Justice Research, 334 N. Senate Avenue, Suite 300, Indianapolis, IN [8] Illinois Department of Transportation, Division of Traffic Safety, 1340 North 9th Street, P.O. Box 19245, Springfield, IL [9] Wisconsin State Patrol, Bureau of Transportation Safety, 4802 Sheboygan Ave., Madison, WI [10] Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Traffic Safety, 445 Minnesota Street, Suite 150, St. Paul, MN [11] Michigan Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Planning, Lansing, MI [12] Traffic Safety Facts Laws - Bicycle Helmet Laws - January National Center for Statistics & Analysis, Research & Development, 400 Seventh Street, S.W., Washington, D.C (Source: Robert Thompson, A Case Control Study of the Effectiveness of Bicycle Safety Helmets. Centers for Disease Control.) [13] Michigan Department of State, Office of Policy and Planning, Research Section, Lansing, MI

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183 Index

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185 A ACCIDENTAL DEATH Causes of, for children... 3 Causes of, for teenagers and young adults... 3 ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH Bicyclist Action Driver Action Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus Motorcyclist Action Pedestrian Action AGE Average Age of Drivers in Crashes Demographics and Crash Involvements Driver Action Prior to Crash Crash Type Day of Week Gender Hazardous Action in Crashes Killed and Injured Most Harmful Event of Occupants Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time of Day in Crash Vehicle Type Driver Action Prior to Crash Crash Type Day of Week Gender Hazardous Action Most Harmful Event of Occupants Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time of Day in Crash Vehicle Type Driver 65 & Over Action Prior to Crash Crash Type Day of Week Gender Hazardous Action in Crashes Killed and Injured Most Harmful Event of Occupants Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time of Day in Crash Vehicle Type of Bicyclist & Injury Severity of Bicyclists in All Crashes of Bicyclists in Fatal Crashes of Bicyclists Killed of Bicyclists Killed & Injured of Drinking Female Drivers of Drinking Male Drivers of Driver & Injury Severity of Drivers in All Crashes of Drivers in Fatal Crashes , 129 of Drivers, Involved in Fatal Crashes of Drivers, Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes of Female Drivers by Age of Licensed Drivers in Michigan of Male Drivers by Age of Michigan Population of Motorcyclist & Injury Severity of Motorcyclists - Helmet Use of Motorcyclists Killed & Injured of Occupants Injured of Occupants Killed of Occupants Killed & Injured, by Gender of Passenger & Injury Severity of Pedestrian & Injury Severity of Pedestrians in All Crashes of Pedestrians in Fatal Crashes of Pedestrians Killed of Pedestrians Killed & Injured of Persons Killed, AIRBAG Occupant Injury Severity by Known Deployment ALCOHOL Age of Driver in Crash Average Age of Drivers in Crashes County Ranking by Fatal Crash Rate Crashes by Injury Severity Death & Injury for Crash-Involved Occupant Drinking Bicyclist Drinking Driver... 69, 71, 130 Drinking Motorcyclist Drinking ORV/ATV Rider Drinking Pedestrian Drinking Snowmobiler Driver Ejection Driver Had Been Drinking Drivers in All Crashes Drivers in Fatal Crashes Elderly Drivers in All Crashes Elderly Drivers in Fatal Crashes Fatal Crashes Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

186 B Fatal Crashes - 10 Year Trend Fatal Crashes by Day of Week Fatal Crashes by Month Fatal Crashes by Time of Day Fatal Crashes for Select Holiday Periods Fatalities - 10 Year Trend Fatalities by Month Fatalities for Select Holiday Periods Female Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash Gender of Drivers in All Crashes in Red-Light-Running Crashes Injuries - 10 Year Trend Injury Crashes Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Driver Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Occupant Involved Fatal Crashes Involved Personal Injury Crashes Involved Persons in Crashes Involved Property Damage Crashes Male Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash Map of County Ranking Map of HBD Traffic Fatalities Occupant Ejection Restraint Use Teen/Young Adult Drivers in All Crashes Teen/Young Adult Drivers in Fatal Crashes BICYCLE in All Crashes in Fatal Crashes BICYCLIST Action Prior to Crash Age & Injury Severity Age in All Crashes Age in Fatal Crashes Age of Bicyclists Killed Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement Fatalities... 32, 69, 118 Helmet Use & Injury Severity in Crashes in Red-Light-Running Crashes Injuries... 69, 118 BUS Crashes Crashes by Crash Severity Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus C Occupant Injury Outcome CELLULAR PHONE Driver Using CHILD RESTRAINT DEVICE (CRD) Reported Restraint Use - Children CHILDREN 5 Year Trend Bicyclists Killed for Fatalities Pedestrians Killed Accidental Death... 3 Demographics and Crash Involvements Gender of Motorcyclist Killed & Injured Gender of Occupants Killed & Injured in Bicycle Crashes in Pedestrian Crashes Injury Severity by Person Type Motorcycle Helmet Use Percent of Bicycle Deaths... 4 Reported Restraint Use CONSTRUCTION ZONE All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes COST of Crashes in Michigan... 4, 33 COUNTY DATA Map of County Ranking Map of Deer Crashes Map of Traffic Fatalities with Drinking Involvement Map of Where Traffic Fatalities Occurred COUNTY RANKING by HBD Fatal Crash Rate, Map of CRASH RATES Fatal Map of County Ranking by HBD Fatal per Licensed Driver by Age of Driver in All Crashes Personal Injury Personal Injury - 10 Year Trend Property Damage - 10 Year Trend Year Trend CRASH TYPE All Motor Vehicle Crashes Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

187 in Red-Light-Running Crash CRASHES 10 Year Trend... 9 All Drivers in Average Age of Drivers Bicycles in... 18, 113, 118 by Injury Severity... 72, 97 Construction Zone Cost of Crash Type Day of Week Drinking Drivers in Driver Gender Driver Hazardous Action Elderly Drinking Drivers in Elderly Drivers in Farm Equipment... 19, 125 Gender of Drinking Drivers in Gender of Drivers in... 14, 126 Heavy Truck/Bus Intersection by Traffic Control Type Light Condition Location of First Impact Most Harmful Event Motor Vehicles in Motorcycles in... 17, 112, 125 of... 31, 36 ORV/ATV Driver Hazardous Action ORV/ATV Most Harmful Event ORV/ATVs in Pedestrians in... 17, 114, 119 Persons in Persons in Alcohol-Involved Red-Light-Running Definition Relationship to Roadway Road Condition Roadway Type Single Vehicle Involved... 3, 99 Snowmobile, Driver Hazardous Action Snowmobile, Most Harmful Event Snowmobiles on Michigan Roadways Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in Teen/Young Adult Drivers in Time and Severity Vehicle Defects Vehicle-Train... 19, 125 Weather Condition Yearly s of D DAY OF WEEK Fatal Crashes HBD Fatal Crashes HBD Injury Crashes in All Crashes in Crashes Driver Driver Driver 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus in Fatal Crashes in Injury Crashes Injury Crashes DEATH RATE Mileage, 10 Year Trend by Roadway Type Michigan... 3, 22, 33, 36 Michigan, U.S. and Surrounding States Motorcycle Yearly s of DEER CRASHES 10 Year Trend by County, Map of Light Condition & Time of Day Monthly & Seasonal Rates DRIVER Action Prior to Crash Age & Injury Severity Age Action Prior to Crash Crash Type Day of Week Gender Hazardous Action in Crashes Killed and Injured Most Harmful Event of Occupants Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time of Day in Crash Vehicle Type Age Action Prior to Crash Crash Type Day of Week Gender Hazardous Action Most Harmful Event of Occupants Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time of Day in Crash Vehicle Type Age 65 & Over Action Prior to Crash Crash Type Day of Week Gender Hazardous Action Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

188 in Crashes Killed and Injured Most Harmful Event of Occupants Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time of Day in Crash Vehicle Type Age in All Crashes , 128 Age in Fatal Crashes , 129 Age in Fatal Crashes, Percent Population Alcohol and/or Drug Use... 69, 71, 130 Drinking and/or Using Drugs and Injury Severity by Age Drinking in All Crashes Drinking in Fatal Crashes Driver Hazardous Action Ejection Fatalities... 32, 69, 71, 130 Female Drinking Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age Female Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age HBD - Ejection in All Crashes in All Crashes, Elderly in All Crashes, Elderly Drinking in All Crashes, Teen/Young Adult in All Crashes, Teen/Young Adult Drinking in Crashes... 69, 71 in Fatal Crashes in Fatal Crashes, Elderly in Fatal Crashes, Elderly Drinking in Fatal Crashes, Teen/Young Adult in Fatal Crashes, Teen/Young Adult Drinking Injuries... 69, 71, 130 Injury Severity & Restraint Use Involved in Crashes, of Involved in Fatal Crashes, Age of Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes, Age of Licensed, of Licensed, - 10 Year Trend Male Drinking Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age Male Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age Reported Occupant Restraint Usage Restraint Use... 32, 130 DRIVER CONDITION Appeared Normal Asleep Driver Distracted Fatigue Had Been Drinking Illegal Drug Use Medication Red-Light-Running Crash Sick Using Cellular Phone DRUG And/or Drinking and Injury Severity by Age Bicyclist Driver... 69, 71, 130 Driver Illegal Drug Use Motorcyclist ORV/ATV Rider Pedestrian Restraint Use Snowmobiler E EJECTION All Drivers & HBD Drivers Injury Severity All Occupants & Occupants of HBD Crashes Injury Severity EMERGENCY VEHICLE Red-Light-Running Crashes EXCESSIVE SPEED... (See Speed) F FARM EQUIPMENT Crashes 10 Year Trend Persons Killed FATAL CRASHES 10 Year Trend Age of Drivers Involved in All Drivers in at Intersections... 3, 105 Average Age of Drivers Bicycles in by Day of Week... 79, 101 by Month... 78, 98 by Time of Day... 79, 100 Drinking Drivers in Driver Age Elderly Drinking Drivers in Elderly Drivers in Excessive Speed in... 3 for Select Holiday Periods Gender of Drivers in Motor Vehicles in Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

189 Motorcycles in of ORV/ATVs in Pedestrians in Single Vehicle Involved... 3, 26 Snowmobiles in Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in Teen/Young Adult Drivers in FATALITIES & Injury for Crash-Involved Occupant... 20, Year Trend Age of Bicyclists Age of Pedestrians by County, Map by Month... 29, 35, 78 by Roadway Type for Select Holiday Periods Map of HBD Traffic Fatalities of... 25, 36 Yearly s of G GENDER Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Driver Information All Crashes Female Drinking Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash Female Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash Male Drinking Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash Male Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash of Drinking Drivers in All Crashes of Drivers in All Crashes of Drivers in Fatal Crashes of Drivers in Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes of Motorcyclists Killed & Injured of Occupants Killed & Injured, by Age of Persons Injured of Persons Killed H HAZARDOUS ACTION All Motor Vehicles Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus ORV/ATV Snowmobile HAZARDOUS CITATION ISSUED Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus Involved Crashes , 142 Red-Light-Running Crashes HBD... (See Alcohol) HEAVY TRUCK/BUS Driver Action Prior to Crash Crash Type Day of Week Driver Gender Hazardous Action Hazardous Citation Issued , 142 Involved Crashes Most Harmful Event of Occupants in Red-Light-Running Crashes Relationship to Roadway Roadway Type Time of Day in Crash Vehicle Type HELMET Use and Injury Severity, Bicycle Use and Injury Severity, Motorcycle HIGHWAY CLASS... (See Roadway Type) HOLIDAY Alcohol Involved Fatal Crashes and Persons Killed Fatal Crashes and Persons Killed I INJURIES 1 Year Trend... 31, Year Trend Alcohol and/or Using Drugs Alcohol Involvement for Crash-Involved Occupant, Death & HBD, 10 Year Trend of Yearly s of INJURY SEVERITY Alcohol Involvement in Injury Crashes All Crashes and Had-Been-Drinking Crashes by and Restraint Use by Driver Injury, All and HBD Crashes by Occupant Injury, All and HBD Crashes Bicycle Helmet Use Bicyclist Action Prior to Crash Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

190 by Construction Zone Type by Crash Type by Day of Week by Driver Hazardous Action by Known Airbag Deployment, Occupant by Light Condition by Month in Fatal and All Crashes in Injury and PDO Crashes by Relationship to Roadway by Road Condition by Seating Position and Known Belt Usage, Occupants by Time of Day by Weather Condition Driver Action Prior to Crash Female Drinking Drivers by Age Female Drivers by Age for Occupant by Vehicle Type Intersection Crashes by Traffic Control Type Male Drinking Drivers by Age Male Drivers by Age Most Harmful Event Motorcyclist Action Prior to Crash Motorcyclist Age and Helmet Use ORV/ATV Driver Hazardous Action ORV/ATV Most Harmful Event Pedestrian Action Prior to Crash Reported Restraint Use - Children Snowmobile Driver Hazardous Action Snowmobile Most Harmful Event Vehicle Defects in Crash INTERSECTION Crashes by Traffic Control Type Involved in Fatal Crashes... 3 Pedestrian Crossing other than at... 4 Red-Light-Running L LICENSED DRIVERS 10 Year Trend in Michigan, Age of LIGHT CONDITION in All Crashes in Deer Crashes in Fatal Crashes in Injury Crashes M MAP County Ranking by HBD Fatal Crash Rate Michigan Motor Vehicle-Deer Involved Crashes Traffic Fatalities with Drinking Involvement by County Where Traffic Fatalities Occurred MICHIGAN 1 Year Summary Trends , 33 Crash Watch... 5 Quick Facts... 3 MILEAGE DEATH RATE 10 Year Average Year Trend by Roadway Type Michigan... 33, 36 Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States Motorcycle Yearly s of MINI VAN Crashes Crashes by Injury Severity Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus in Deer Crashes Occupant Injury Outcome MONTH OF YEAR Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Crashes Alcohol Involvement in Injury Crashes All Crashes Injury Severity in Fatal Crashes in Injury Crashes Motor Vehicle Deaths & Mileage Motor Vehicle-Deer Crashes Yearly Motor Vehicle Traffic Deaths by Month MOPED Crashes Crashes by Injury Severity Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus in Deer Crashes Occupant Injury Outcome MOST HARMFUL EVENT All Motor Vehicles Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

191 Heavy Truck/Bus ORV/ATV Snowmobile MOTOR VEHICLE Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus in All Crashes in Deer Crashes in Fatal Crashes Registered Vehicles Type, Occupant Injury Outcome by Types in Crashes Types in Crashes by Crash Severity MOTORCYCLE Annual Changes Crashes , 125 Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus in All Crashes in Deer Crashes in Fatal Crashes in Red-Light-Running Crashes Occupant Injury Outcome Registrations MOTORCYCLIST Action Prior to Crash Age & Injury Severity Age & Gender by Killed & Injured Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement Fatalities... 32, 69 Fatalities and Injuries Helmet Use & Injury Severity in Crashes Injuries N NATIONAL Mileage Death Rate Vehicle Miles Traveled O OCCUPANT Age & Gender by Killed & Injured Age of Occupants Injured Age of Occupants Killed Death & Injury for Crash-Involved... 20, 73 Ejection HBD - Ejection in Motor Vehicle Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Injury Outcome by Vehicle Type Injury Severity & Restraint Use Injury Severity by Known Airbag Deployment Involved in Crashes of Heavy Truck/Bus Reported Belt Use by Seating Position Reported Restraint Usage ORV/ATV Crashes Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Driver Hazardous Action Heavy Truck/Bus in All Crashes in Deer Crashes in Fatal Crashes Most Harmful Event Occupant Injury Outcome ORV/ATV RIDER Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement Fatalities... 32, 70 in Crashes Injuries P PASSENGER Age & Injury Severity Fatalities Reported Restraint Usage for Injured Reported Restraint Use - Children Restraint Use PEDESTRIAN Action Prior to Crash Age & Injury Severity Age in All Crashes Age in Fatal Crashes Age of Pedestrians Killed... 27, 119 Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement Crossing other than at Intersections... 4 Fatalities... 32, 70, 119 in All Crashes in Crashes in Fatal Crashes in Red-Light-Running Crashes Injuries... 70, 119 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

192 PERSONAL INJURY CRASHES of... 31, 32 PERSONS Age & Injury Severity Gender Injured Killed in Alcohol-Involved Crashes in Crashes PICKUP Crashes Crashes by Injury Severity Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus in Deer Crashes Occupant Injury Outcome POPULATION in Michigan... 3, 33 in Michigan, Age of Percent of Active Drivers by Age PROPERTY DAMAGE CRASHES of R RED-LIGHT-RUNNING Crash Type Conditions of Persons in Crashes Intersection Crash Type Special Circumstances Speed Limit REGISTRATIONS 10 Year Trend... 9 Motorcycle of Yearly s of RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAY Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus Location of First Impact RESTRAINT USE 10 Year Trend Driver Killed & Injured Driver Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement Driver Injury Severity for Drivers & Injured Passengers Highest Usage... 4 Injured Passenger Killed & Injured Lowest Usage... 4 Occupant Injury Severity Reported Belt Use by Seating Position Reported Restraint Use - Children ROAD CONDITION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes ROADWAY TYPE All Crashes Fatalities Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes in Crashes by Driver in Crashes by Driver in Crashes by Driver 65 & Over Personal Injury Crashes Vehicle Miles Traveled S SCHOOL BUS Involved/Associated in Red-Light-Running Crashes School Buses are not identified on the UD-10 and cannot be broken out of CDL Truck/Bus... SINGLE VEHICLE CRASHES Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal of... 3 of Fatal... 3 Percentage of... 3 SNOWMOBILE Crashes Crashes by Crash Severity Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Driver Hazardous Action Heavy Truck/Bus in All Crashes in Deer Crashes in Fatal Crashes in Red-Light-Running Crashes Most Harmful Event Occupant Injury Outcome SNOWMOBILER Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement Fatalities... 32, 70 in Crashes Injuries SPEED Driver Hazardous Action Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

193 T Hazardous Action Driver Driver Driver 65 & Over Heavy Truck/Bus in Fatal Crashes, Excessive... 3 Limit in Red-Light-Running Crash ORV/ATV Driver Hazardous Action Snowmobile Driver Hazardous Action TIME OF DAY Fatal Crashes HBD Fatal Crashes HBD Injury Crashes Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes in All Crashes in Crashes by Driver by Driver by Driver 65 & Over in Deer Crashes in Fatal Crashes in Injury Crashes Injury Crashes TRAFFIC CONTROL All Crashes at Intersections Red-Light-Running Crashes TRAIN Crashes 10 Year Trend Fatality in Red-Light-Running Crashes Engineer Fatalities TREND, 1 YEAR Alcohol-Involved Crashes Alcohol-Involved Fatal Crashes Bicyclists Killed Crashes Death Rate Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over Drivers Involved in Crashes Drivers Killed Farm Equipment Persons Killed Fatal Crash Rate Fatalities by County, Map Gender of Persons Killed Licensed Drivers Michigan Population Motorcyclists Killed Occupants Involved in Crashes ORV/ATV Riders Killed Passengers Killed Pedestrians Killed Persons in Alcohol-Involved Crashes Persons in Crashes Persons Injured by Gender Persons Injured by Severity Persons Killed Registered Vehicles in Michigan Restraint Use by Driver Restraint Use by Injured Passenger Snowmobilers Killed Train Engineers Killed Vehicle Miles Traveled TREND, 10 YEAR All Drivers in Crashes All Drivers in Fatal Crashes Average Age of Drivers in Crashes Bicycles in All Crashes Bicycles in Fatal Crashes Crashes... 9 Death & Injury for Crash-Involved Occupant Deer Crashes Drinking Drivers in All Crashes Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes Elderly Drinking Drivers in All Crashes Elderly Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes Elderly Drivers in Crashes Elderly Drivers in Fatal Crashes Farm Equipment Crashes Fatal Crashes Fatalities... 10, 23 Gender of Drinking Drivers in All Crashes Gender of Drivers in All Crashes Gender of Drivers in Fatal Crashes Had-Been-Drinking Fatal Crashes Had-Been-Drinking Fatalities Had-Been-Drinking Injuries Injuries Injury Crash Rate Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States Mileage Death Rate Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States Mileage Fatalities Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States Mileage Vehicle Miles Traveled Mileage Death Rate... 12, 22 Motor Vehicles in All Crashes Motor Vehicles in Fatal Crashes Motorcycles in All Crashes Motorcycles in Fatal Crashes National Fatalities National Mileage Death Rate ORV/ATVs in All Crashes ORV/ATVs in Fatal Crashes Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

194 Pedestrians in All Crashes Pedestrians in Fatal Crashes Property Damage Crash Rate Registrations... 9 Restraint Usage Snowmobiles in All Crashes Snowmobiles in Fatal Crashes Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in All Crashes Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes Teen/Young Adult Drivers in Crashes Teen/Young Adult Drivers in Fatal Crashes Crash Rate Licensed Drivers Train Crashes Vehicle Miles Traveled... 9, 23 TREND, 5 YEAR Age of Bicyclists Killed Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes Age of Drivers Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes Age of Pedestrians Killed Age of Persons Killed, Alcohol Involved Fatal Crashes for Select Holiday Periods Alcohol Involved Fatalities for Select Holiday Periods Fatal Crashes for Select Holiday Periods Fatalities Fatalities by Month Fatalities for Select Holiday Periods Percent Vehicle Miles Driven by Month TRUCK... (See also Heavy Truck/Bus) Crashes Crashes by Crash Severity Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over in Deer Crashes Occupant Injury Outcome Yearly s of VEHICLE TYPE Crash Involvement Driver Age Driver Age Driver Age 65 & Over in Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes in Motor Vehicle Crashes , 110 Occupant Injury Outcome W WEATHER CONDITION All Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes V VEHICLE DEFECTS in Crash Involvement VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED 10 Year Trend... 9 by Roadway Type Estimated MV Mileage Traveled Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States of Percent Miles Driven by Month Michigan Traffic Crash Facts - Statewide

195