MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Transcription

1 Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The primary goals of politically involved African-Americans during the Reconstruction era were 1) equality before the law and a guarantee of: A) suffrage. B) the ability to hold political office. C) government protection from persecution by the Ku Klux Klan. D) freedom of work. E) property ownership. 2) The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads were funded primarily by: 2) A) sale of stocks to small private investors. B) state governments that benefited from the railroads. C) local governments. D) private investments by American capitalists. E) federal government land grants and subsidies. 3) The political cartoonist whose work appeared in Harper's Weekly and who attacked the dishonesty 3) and corruption of the Tweed Ring was: A) Horace Greeley. B) Thomas Nast. C) James J. Hill. D) Collis P. Huntington. E) Jay Gould. 4) Laws passed by Southern states to restrict the freedom of blacks were known as: 4) A) black codes. B) emancipation regulations. C) bounded rules. D) tolerance policy. E) restriction system. 1

2 5) In the 1876 election: 5) A) the popular vote was split evenly between Tilden and Hayes. B) Peter Cooper garnered about 20 percent of the popular vote. C) the Democrat, Tilden, won the majority of the Electoral College vote. D) an Electoral Commission settled the dispute over contested electoral votes. E) the Republican, Hayes, won a clear and uncontested majority in the Electoral College. 6) In United States v. Reese and United States v. Cruikshank the Supreme Court ruled that: 6) A) the Fourteenth Amendment extended federal power to protect civil rights against private discrimination. B) the Ku Klux Klan Act was unconstitutional. C) only federal authorities could enforce the Ku Klux Klan Act. D) the Fifteenth Amendment guaranteed the unqualified right to vote to all male citizens. E) the Fourteenth Amendment only applied to discrimination by the states. 7) The 1862 measure that gave huge grants of land to the Union Pacific and Central Pacific to build a 7) transcontinental railroad was the: A) Central Pacific Act. B) Pacific Railway Act. C) Promontory Act. D) Reconstruction Act. E) Tenure of Office Act. 8) Johnson's Reconstruction Plan sought to do all of the following EXCEPT: 8) A) restore property rights to Southerners who swore allegiance to the Union. B) restore the Union quickly. C) restrict Reconstruction to the domain of the executive branch. D) extend pardons to Southerners who swore an oath of allegiance. E) extend voting rights to former slaves. 9) The major issue of Reconstruction was how: 9) A) to ease the transition of freedmen from slavery to freedom. B) to deal with the physical devastation of the war. C) the South should be punished for rebellion. D) to regularize relations between the former Confederate states and the United States government. E) to improve the economic situation throughout the South. 2

3 10) Scandals plaguing the Grant administration in the 1870s and weakening Republican credibility 10) included the: A) Crédit Mobilier, the Tweed Ring, and bribes for the sale of Indian trading posts. B) Crédit Mobilier, the Whiskey Ring, and bribes for the sale of Indian trading posts. C) Crédit Mobilier, the Whiskey Ring, and the Canal Ring. D) Canal Ring, the Whiskey Ring, and the Tweed Ring. E) Tweed Ring, the Whiskey Ring, and bribes for the sale of Indian trading posts. 11) The Republican political tactic of reminding Northern voters of Union casualties during the Civil 11) War is known as: A) "brandishing the blue uniform." B) "shaking the gray jacket." C) "showing a red hat." D) "waving the bloody shirt." E) "raising a red flag." 12) Faced with violence and terrorism in the South, the federal government, at the behest of Southern 12) Republicans, passed the: A) Reconstruction Act. B) Ku Klux Klan Act. C) Fifteenth Amendment. D) Civil Rights Act. E) Fourteenth Amendment. 13) Federal Reconstruction policies resulted in: 13) A) the reality of political, economic, and social equality for freedmen. B) land redistribution, which compensated freedmen for their years of slave labor. C) the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment and the Civil Rights Act, which promised full citizenship rights to former slaves. D) redistribution of political power, weakening the influence of the social and economic elite. E) payment to those Southern freedmen who had fought as slaves in the Civil War for the South. 14) The 1875 measure that outlawed racial discrimination in public places was the: 14) A) Reconstruction Act. B) Ku Klux Klan Act. C) Civil Rights Act. D) Fifteenth Amendment. E) Fourteenth Amendment. 3

4 15) The destruction of slavery resulted in: 15) A) the spread of sharecropping and tenant farming across the South. B) widespread land ownership by Southern blacks. C) widespread land confiscation in the South. D) the realization of social equality for freedmen under the Fourteenth Amendment. E) African-American dominance of Southern politics. 16) The goal of Johnson's Reconstruction policy was to: 16) A) punish Southerners for rebellion and the Civil War. B) appease Northerners so he could be elected in his own right in C) restore the Union as quickly as possible. D) delay the establishment of recognized southern state governments. E) guarantee the rights of freedmen. 17) The first Supreme Court ruling on the Fourteenth Amendment, which said the amendment only 17) protected national citizenship rights and not the regulating powers of the states, was in the: A) Freedmen's cases. B) Black code cases. C) Suffrage cases. D) Credit Mobilier cases. E) Slaughterhouse cases. 18) The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882: 18) A) prohibited Chinese immigration to the United States for ten years. B) permanently banned all Chinese immigration to the United States. C) denied future Chinese immigrants hope of naturalized citizenship. D) prevented U.S. citizens from migrating to China. E) limited Chinese immigration to the United States. 19) The Civil War: 19) A) redefined the United States as a confederation of sovereign states. B) destroyed slavery and racism in America. C) denied the rights of the states to set individual policies on local issues. D) confirmed that the federal government took precedence over the individual states. E) decided how the national government would interact with the defeated Confederate states. 4

5 20) President Lincoln's reconstruction plan was designed to: 20) A) punish the leaders of the rebellion by confiscating their property. B) guarantee civil rights for the freedmen. C) appease Northerners who sought revenge for their wartime losses. D) bring the South back into the Union as rapidly as possible. E) delay the establishment of recognized southern state governments. 21) Following the Civil War, the consuming passion of most white Southerners was: 21) A) regaining the South's former position in the Union. B) bringing industry and economic prosperity to the South. C) rebuilding the South's infrastructure. D) re-establishing white supremacy and the social order. E) returning to the antebellum slavery system. 22) The foundations of the modern African-American community were based on the two major 22) institutions of slave culture: the family and: A) history. B) work. C) community. D) home. E) church. 23) Northerners who went South after the Civil War to reform and modernize the South and to make 23) their own fortunes were called: A) privateers. B) trespassers. C) carpetbaggers. D) interlopers. E) intruders. 24) The worst scandal of the Grant Administration involved the creation of a dummy construction 24) company to divert funds intended for the construction of the Union Pacific into the hands of large investors. What was the name of that company? A) Railway Composition B) Crédit Mobilier C) Pacific Construction D) Swiss Mobilier E) Union Erection 5

6 25) Native Southern whites who joined the Republican Party and worked with freedmen and the 25) Northerners who came to make their fortune were known as: A) ne'er-do-wells. B) scalawags. C) troublemakers. D) good-for-nothings. E) rascals. 6