BREEAM, Greenprint and District Energy in the UK. Robin Wiltshire, Technical Director

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1 BREEAM, Greenprint and District Energy in the UK Robin Wiltshire, Technical Director

2 BRE core activities Research based consultancy, testing, certification and training Working in the built environment, but also transport, manufacturing, electronics, agriculture

3 History of Improving Buildings and Structures

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6 BREEAM The world s longest established and most widely used environmental assessment method for buildings Created in 1988 and launched in 1990 Over 116,000 buildings certified, over 714,000 buildings registered Network of over 2200 independent licensed assessors across the world

7 BREEAM Categories Management Energy Water Land Use & Ecology Health & Wellbeing Transport Materials Waste Pollution

8 Building types Offices Industrial Retail Education Healthcare Prisons Courts Residential Multi Residential Mixed-use developments Bespoke For all other building types

9 BREEAM and DISTRICT HEATING BREEAM energy/carbon credits are linked to improvements over the Building Regulations BRE has for Building Regs compliance a tool called SBEM (Simplified Building Energy Model) SBEM allows the carbon intensity of district heating to be input The operator of the district heating scheme provides the carbon intensity of the district heating.

10 Life cycle stages Pre-assessment estimator Early indication of scoring Design stage Based on specifications and pre-development information Options for shell & core or fit-out assessments Post construction review As built review and verification of design stage assessment Full assessment may be carried out post construction (but limited potential to influence performance) BREEAM In Use Environmental management tool for property portfolios Formal certification possible

11 But more importantly Recent studies have shown that BREEAM has helped save 4.5 million tonnes of CO2 since its inception

12 Benefits of using BREEAM Reduced environmental impacts Improved functionality, flexibility and durability Higher user satisfaction increased productivity Demonstrate improved performance (design & operation) Improved letting / sales potential

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14 But also BREEAM used as basis for other rating schemes: Such as Green Globes (Canada), Green Star (Australia), HKBEAM (Hong Kong) Individual high-profile projects internationally: Such as European Parliament in Luxembourg Support to others wishing to develop their own assessment methods: Companies working / building internationally Developments, regions, countries etc. Emerging Green Building Councils

15 The Built Environment The bigger challenge. Existing New

16 BREEAM in Use Biggest challenge is existing building stock Biggest opportunity to address climate change in the construction sector Based on existing BREEAM schemes Issues and weightings developed for existing building stock International version tailored for local conditions

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18 GreenPrint Masterplanning assessment tool to assist masterplanners and design teams to deliver sustainable communities Sets out clear understandable sustainability objectives and benchmarks Can be incorporated at different stages of a masterplanning project Workshop led approach involving the whole stakeholder team Provides independent appraisal of the final masterplan Receive an overall GreenPrint Score and Rating

19 What does the GreenPrint cover?

20 GreenPrint Case Studies

21 GreenPrint projects To set a minimum standard for developers wishing to develop on a site: Barking Riverside, Thames Gateway a mixed use extension to London To guide the development of a sustainable masterplan: Shannon Free Zone, Ireland a sustainability focused business park Ravel, Amsterdam, Netherlands a mixed use retail development Sherford, Plymouth - an urban extension on the outskirts of Plymouth Napier Park, Luton a mixed use development on a former car plant site Retrospective GreenPrint assessment of a masterplan: The Works, Ebbw Vale, Wales a mixed use sustainable community extension English Partnerships New Islington Millennium community

22 Improving the Napier masterplan From this. CLIMATE CHANGE BUILDINGS RESOURCES COMMUNITY TRANSPORT GreenPrint Rating Good PLACEMAKING BUSINESS ECOLOGY

23 Improving the Napier masterplan To this CLIMATE CHANGE BUILDINGS RESOURCES COMMUNITY TRANSPORT GreenPrint Rating Excellent PLACEMAKING BUSINESS ECOLOGY

24 Benefits to the Masterplanning process Addresses sustainability issues at the very beginning of the process Adaptable to local priorities, policies and targets and helpful in public engagement Takes account of a site s strengths and weaknesses, and focuses on issues that a developer can influence Looks at outcomes rather than outputs developer creativity is not stifled Greenprint applies to mixed use developments so district heating can be integrtaed as one of the solutions Provides an overall GreenPrint Score and Rating that gives confidence in the sustainability credentials of a masterplan this can be used to obtain BREEAM Communities compliance.

25 District heating in the UK

26 District heating 1960/70s Many schemes developed based mainly on social housing; not much building diversity, not much subsequent expansion Poor design and installation often led to pipe damage and corrosion, leakages, service interruption, poor reputation District heating increasingly regarded as a liability leading to fewer and fewer schemes» however Pimlico scheme based on the famous Battersea Power Station was initiated in 1950; now upgraded with CHP and thermal store supplying 3000 homes and 40+ non-domestic buildings Nottingham developed network based on waste-to-energy. Now 60km pipes serving 4600 homes, plus civic and commercial buildings.

27 District heating 1980s End of 1970s: major analysis of UK DH potential Identified ten UK cities with good potential But high capital cost North Sea Oil/Gas provided opportunity for nationwide gas grid District heating expansion did not proceed» however Sheffield developed DH network based on waste-to-energy. Now 44km pipes connecting public and commercial clients, together with about 2000 homes.

28 District (community) heating 1990s Potential for supply by CHP led to resurgence in concept Re-badged community heating Government CHP target of 5GWe to be installed by 2000 Grant support from residential based programmes, primarily for CHP engine not pipes Predominantly small schemes with CHP gas-fired reciprocating engine.» however: Larger schemes established in Southampton (geothermal catalyst); Lerwick (waste-to-energy catalyst) At end of 1990s: idea for a grant scheme more focused on each of the elements of a community heating scheme including pipes.

29 Community Energy Community Energy programme was a 50m Government grant scheme for new and existing district heating schemes Public sector based schemes eligible, usually delivered by private sector Eligible items included CHP or renewable supply, pipes, internals Aimed to assist affordability of capital-intensive technology by means of analysis based on whole life costing Schemes had to demonstrate best value for public money at treasury discount rate Grant based on amount (capped at 40%)required to bring NPV after 25 years to zero at private sector discount rate Original two year delivery programme restricted scope for big schemes despite subsequent programme extension Notable successes: initiation of district heating in Aberdeen and the centre of Birmingham; extension of existing Pimlico scheme BRE carried out evaluation, advice, and training for Community Energy.

30 And now District heating has risen up the agenda because of drivers from Government departments (Code for Sustainable Homes), GLA (implementation of London Plan), and realisation of its potential for carbon reduction Usually examined when local authority or regional development agency draws up a strategic view of energy use and future carbon reduction plans Very limited penetration in UK. However large identified technical potential of up to 18GWe (BRE project managed potential study including heat demand density mapping) BRE District Heating activities: Provides planning guidance to GLA Planning team Local authority advisory services: heat mapping, energy strategies District heating/ CHP feasibility work Chairs IEA District Heating and Cooling research committee Co-ordinates production of in-depth guidance material.

31 Heat Density Maps: An essential tool to understand the opportunity

32 District Heating as Part of UK Heat Strategy Heat and Energy Saving Strategy Consultation closed 8 May 2009 This included a new focus on district heating and encourages CHP and better use of surplus heat Acknowledges high potential for carbon emission reduction and potential to lower energy costs and reduce fuel poverty Identifies key role for local authorities: heat map analysis, public sector anchor loads, using planning policies Building the capacity: need to engage all stakeholders including energy providers, investors, local communities The full strategy and consultation results are due to appear later this year. New study indicates up to 14% of UK building heat demand could be met by district heating if issues of risk and capital can be addressed and in built-up areas district heating likely to offer lower carbon abatement costs than other low carbon technologies.

33 Policy drivers National Code for Sustainable Homes, zero carbon homes by 2016 National Planning Policy Statement: colocation of heat customers and suppliers Local London Plan: energy efficiency, CHP/District Heating, renewables.

34 Energy Strategies Energy Strategies are required to meet: Local Development Plan Policies % Renewable Targets Regional Development Plan Policies e.g. The London Plan Energy Hierarchy Be Lean, Be Clean, Be Green National Requirement for Sustainable Buildings Carbon Emissions Reduction for Building Regulations Code for Sustainable Homes BREEAM Energy Performance of Buildings Directive BRE clients include developers and land managers (bespoke energy strategies), regional and local authorities (area related strategies), GLA (assistance with implementation of policy).

35 Barkingside Case Study Thames Gateway Development. 10,000 new homes, Energy Conscious Community. Future proof design. Meets London Plan requirements. Carbon Reduction 30% beyond BR. Planning obtained August 2007.

36 Bishopton Regeneration, North Glasgow Former Royal Ordnance factory Mixed use development (2,500 new homes, 154,000 m 2 non-residential, ) 25% better than current bdg regs with demand reduction only District heating + biomass CHP (using locally sourced wood) Net-Zero carbon dioxide emissions by 2016

37 Using the latest research: IEA DHC International research agreement: USA is a member Analysis of DH scale: city-wide vs neighbourhood District heating for energy efficient building areas Integration of renewables Integration of thermal storage Thermal storage: diurnal, few days or seasonal? Improving pipe economics: better plastic pipes; cheaper per metre; flexible so shorter pipe runs So new schemes have the opportunity to apply the latest technological developments. District Heating Futures event 31 August/1 September

38 Robin Wiltshire, Technical Director