R101 Supplemental Review

Transcription

1 R101 Supplemental Review For Midcontinent Independent System Operator Performed by: Dylan Stupca October 3, 2016

2 Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary Introduction Model Development Supplemental Review and Results Attachment X Minimum Load Screening Attachment X Minimum Load Screening Results Attachment X Voltage and Power Quality Screen Attachment X Voltage and Power Quality Screen Results Attachment X Safety and Reliability Screen Attachment X Safety and Reliability Screen Results Conclusion Appendix A System Voltage Tables Transient Voltage Tables Appendix B MISO Tariff Excerpts in Section of Attachment X List of Tables and Figures Figure 2-1: R101 Requested Interconnection Point and Local Area... 4 Table 3-1: R101 Supplemental Review Models... 5 Figure 4-1: Plummer 41.6 kv Circuit Breaker 435 Loading (MW)... 5 Table 4-2: Worst Contingencies and Switching Operations... 6 Table 4-3: Voltage Violations... 7 Table 4-4: Transient Voltage Violations... 8 Table 4-5: Reverse Flow Issues R101 Supplemental Review Page 2

3 1. Executive Summary Otter Tail has been requested to perform a Supplemental Review for the R101 interconnection request in accordance with Section of Attachment X to the MISO tariff - Generator Interconnection Procedures. The R101 project is comprised of small scale wind and solar generation with a total aggregated output of 4.6 MW that is in the MISO interconnection queue requesting interconnection to Otter Tail s 41.6 kv system southeast of Otter Tail s Red Lake Falls 41.6 kv substation in northwest Minnesota. Consistent with the MISO tariff, this Supplemental Review consists of analyzing this interconnection request by using three screening parameters (1) Minimum Loading Screen, (2) Voltage and Power Quality Screen, and (3) Safety and Reliability Screen. Through the course of performing this Supplemental Review, Otter Tail has determined: R101 failed the Minimum Loading Screen because the aggregated output of the Generating Facility is not less than 100% of the minimum load on the 41.6 kv circuit identified for the R101 interconnection. R101 passes two of the three requirements in the Voltage and Power Quality Screen identified in Attachment X. o Otter Tail was not able to perform an analysis verifying that harmonic levels with the R101 interconnection met IEEE Standard 519 limits. Otter Tail reserves the right to have this analysis performed in the future as part of the Voltage and Power Quality screen if the interconnection customer (R101) moves forward. R101 failed the Safety and Reliability Screen due to reverse power flow issues introduced at three adjacent 115/41.6 kv substations in the local area with the addition of R101. o R101 could pass this screening parameter if the reverse power flow issues are addressed at adjacent 115/41.6 kv substations so that Otter Tail equipment is not in jeopardy of being harmed with the addition of R101. R101 will need to verify that requirements included in sections and of the MISO tariff are met with the equipment being installed as part of this project. o Section : Otter Tail will require the interconnection customer to verify that the R101 project incorporates a time delay function to prevent reconnection of the generator to the system until system voltage and frequency are within normal limits for prescribed time. o Section : Otter Tail will require the interconnection customer to verify that the R101 project will employ equipment or systems certified by a recognized standards organization to address technical issues such as, but not limited to, islanding, reverse power flow, or voltage quality. Overall, R101 fails the Supplemental Review due to the Minimum Load Screen and the other screening parameters in the Safety and Reliability Screen. Otter Tail will need to review and approve voltage set points and transformer tap settings to ensure that the addition of the R101 project does not lead to reliability concerns on the transmission system. R101 Supplemental Review Page 3

4 2. Introduction Otter Tail has performed a Supplemental Review in accordance with Section of Attachment X to the MISO tariff Generator Interconnection Procedures. R101 is a 4.6 MW project comprised of small scale wind and solar generation requesting interconnection to Otter Tail s 41.6 kv system southeast of Otter Tail s Red Lake Falls 41.6 kv substation in northwest Minnesota. The figure below shows the location of the requested generator interconnection project, R101. [INFORMATION REDACTED] Figure 2-1: R101 Requested Interconnection Point and Local Area 3. Model Development A set of models were developed to assist in performing the Supplemental Review screens. The models utilized for this Supplemental Review originated from the 2015 series MISO Transmission Expansion Plan (MTEP). Otter Tail s 41.6 kv transmission system in the local area to R101 was then inserted into the models. For each set of seasonal models, a base case and a post-project case was developed in order to perform the screening analysis for the R101 project. The base case models contained the local 41.6 kv transmission system without the addition of the R101 project. The post case models contained the local 41.6 kv transmission system with the addition of R101 project. The modeling for the R101 project was based on the best information Otter Tail was provided from Appendix 1 of the Generator Interconnection Procedure supplied by the interconnection customer. Below is a table of models that were developed for this Supplemental Review. R101 Supplemental Review Page 4

5 MW Season Year Origin Summer Light Load 2017 MTEP 2015 Series with local 41.6 kv system added Summer Peak 2017 MTEP 2015 Series with local 41.6 kv system added Winter Peak 2020 MTEP 2015 Series with local 41.6 kv system added Table 3-1: R101 Supplemental Review Models 4. Supplemental Review and Results This Supplemental Review consisted of three screening parameters that are included within section of Attachment X to the MISO tariff. The screening requirements and corresponding results are provided below Attachment X Minimum Load Screening The first screening parameter investigated as part of this Supplemental Review is included in section of Attachment X of the MISO tariff, which is to investigate if the aggregate Generating Facility capacity on the line section is less than 100% of the minimum load for all line sections bounded by automatic sectionalizing devices upstream of the proposed Small Generating Facility. A full excerpt of section of Attachment X of the MISO tariff is included in Appendix B Attachment X Minimum Load Screening Results The R101 project is proposing to interconnect to a 41.6 kv line currently served from circuit breaker 435 at Otter Tail s Plummer 115/41.6 kv substation. Otter Tail was able to gather 12 months of historic loading data on all line sections bounded by an automatic sectionalizing device up stream of the proposed interconnection of R101. Below is a Load Duration Curve that shows the historical flow (MW) of circuit breaker 435 arranged from highest loading to the lowest loading throughout the 2015 calendar year Plummer 41.6 kv Circuit Breaker Loading Hour Plummer 41.6 kv CB 435 MW Requested Small Generating Facility MW Figure 4-1: Plummer 41.6 kv Circuit Breaker 435 Loading (MW) R101 Supplemental Review Page 5

6 The loading in the figure above shows that the nameplate rating of the Generating Facility (only consisting of the R101 interconnection) is not less than 100% of the minimum load for all line sections bounded by automatic sectionalizing devices upstream of the proposed interconnection of R101. The loading on the 41.6 kv line normally served by Plummer circuit breaker 435 was less than the 4.6 MW generator interconnection request approximately 87% of the time in Based on this historical flow information, Otter Tail concludes that R101 fails the Minimum Load Screening requirements Attachment X Voltage and Power Quality Screen The second screening parameter investigated as part of this Supplemental Review is included in section of Attachment X of the MISO tariff, which states that, in aggregate with existing generation on the interconnecting line section: (1) the voltage regulation on the line section can be maintained in compliance with relevant requirements under all system conditions; (2) the voltage fluctuation is within acceptable limits as defined by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 1453, or utility practice similar to IEEE Standard 1453; and (3) the harmonic levels meet IEEE Standard 519 limits. The language of section of Attachment X of the MISO tariff is included in Appendix B Attachment X Voltage and Power Quality Screen Results PSS/E revision 33.5 was utilized to screen system voltages and voltage fluctuations. System voltages and voltage fluctuations were analyzed for system intact conditions, as well as local contingency events. The worst contingencies in the area were determined through engineering judgment based on simulations performed during this review and experience from past studies. The worst contingencies, with their associated post-contingent switching procedure, analyzed in this Supplemental Review are listed below: Contingency Event Switching Procedure Connected Source System Intact N.A. Plummer Breaker 435 Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly Closed Gentilly Jct. Switch 449 Plummer Breaker 425 (R101) Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly Closed Gentilly Jct. Switch 448 Crookston Breaker 635 (R101) Loss of Red Lake Falls W. (R101) Closed Gentilly Jct. Switch 449 Plummer Breaker 425 Gentilly Loss of Crookston Crookston Plant Jct. Closed Gentilly Jct. Switch 448 Plummer Breaker 435 Table 4-2: Worst Contingencies and Switching Operations The criteria listed below were used to identify if voltages were outside of Otter Tail s reliability criteria during various system conditions and contingency events. System Voltage Criteria System Intact Conditions: 41.6 kv: 0.95 p.u. to 1.05 p.u. 115 kv: 0.97 p.u. to 1.07 p.u. 230 kv, 345 kv: 0.97 p.u. to 1.05 p.u. R101 Supplemental Review Page 6

7 Post Contingent Events: 41.6 kv: 0.95 p.u. to 1.05 p.u. (with post-contingent switching simulated) 41.6 kv, 115 kv, 230 kv, 345 kv: 0.92 p.u. to 1.10 p.u. (without post-contingent switching simulated) Transient Switching Criteria System Intact Conditions: Voltage change is limited to 3% of pre-switching voltage Post Contingent Events: Voltage change is limited to 5% of pre-switching voltage (1) Table 4.3 below summarizes the voltage criteria violations identified within the area and the models for which the violation appears. Model 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Contingency Base Post Base Post Base Post System Intact V V V V - V Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101) V V V V - - Closed Switch 449 Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101) V V V V - - Closed Switch 448 Loss of Red Lake Falls W. (R101) Gentilly V V V V - V Closed Switch 449 Loss of Crookston Crookston Plant Jct. V V V V V V Closed Switch 448 * V denotes voltage violation Table 4-3: Voltage Violations All the violations appearing in the models for the 2017 Summer Light Load (SLL) and 2017 Summer Peak (SPK) models are in the Crookston area. The 41.6 kv transmission system in the Crookston area historically runs around 43.8 kv (1.052 p.u.). Since this voltage is above Otter Tail s high voltage criteria of 1.05 p.u., criteria violations were flagged in the base and postproject cases. Overall, there is minimal change in system voltages between the base and postproject cases in the 2017 SLL and 2017 SPK models and no new voltage violations occur in the post-project cases. In the 2020 Winter Peak (WPK) model, voltage criteria violations show up in the post-project cases and not in the base case for the system intact condition and the loss of the Red Lake Falls W. (R101) Gentilly 41.6 kv line when closing switch 449. During these conditions, the R101 project is isolated from the Crookston buses, which are where the voltage criteria violations are occurring. Therefore, these voltage violations in the 2020 WPK model are not attributed to the R101 project. A low voltage criteria violation occurs in the base case of the 2020 WPK model for the loss of the Crookston Crookston Plant Jct kv line when closing switch 448. In the corresponding post-project case, this low voltage violation is mitigated. The Crookston bus also has a voltage criteria violation due to high voltages in the 2020 WPK model, but this violation appears in both the base and post-project cases. Given the results from the voltage screening, there are no new voltage criteria violations caused by the interconnection of R101 Supplemental Review Page 7

8 R101, thus Otter Tail has concluded that this project passes this portion of the Voltage and Power Quality Screen. Detailed information on the voltages can be seen in Appendix A, System Voltage Tables. (2) To investigate transient voltage performance following the interconnection of the R101 project, Otter Tail performed an analysis to determine the instantaneous voltage change from the R101 project switching on-line or off-line as wind or solar conditions change. Table 4.4 below shows the results of the voltage fluctuation or transient voltage caused by the interconnection of R101 when the unit is tripped offline. Model 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Contingency - - V System Intact Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101), Sw Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101), Sw Loss of Red Lake Falls W. (R101) Gentilly, Sw Loss of Crookston Crookston Plant Jct., Sw V * V denotes Transient Voltage Violation Table 4-4: Transient Voltage Violations Transient switching violations show up in the system intact case and the loss of Crookston Crookston Plant Jct. closing switch 448. The initial voltage control set point for the R101 project was set to control the voltage on the 41.6 kv system at the point of interconnection to 1.04 p.u. From Otter Tail s analysis results, it appears that this assumed voltage control point is too high because it causes a large voltage swing when the unit goes offline. If the voltage set point of the R101 project is set lower (~1.02 p.u.), transient voltage violations from switching events are mitigated in both base and post-project cases. Assuming that a change in the assumed voltage set point for the R101 project mitigates the transient voltage violations, no further mitigation will be necessary for voltage violations related to the R101 project. Therefore, R101 passes this portion of the Voltage and Power Quality Screen. Detailed information on the transient voltage results can be seen in Appendix A, Transient Voltage Tables. (3) Another requirement in the screening parameters identified in section of Attachment X to the MISO tariff is to confirm if harmonic levels on the transmission system meet IEEE Standard 519. Otter Tail has not completed analysis to verify the harmonic levels meet IEEE Standard 519 limits. Therefore, Otter Tail cannot determine whether R101 will pass or fail this portion of the screening parameters. If the interconnection customer (R101) moves forward, Otter Tail reserves the right to have this analysis performed in the future. R101 Supplemental Review Page 8

9 4.3. Attachment X Safety and Reliability Screen The last screening parameter investigated as part of this Supplemental Review is included in section of Attachment X of the MISO tariff, which states that the location of the proposed small Generating Facility and the aggregate generation capacity on the line section do not create impacts to safety or reliability of the transmission system. The applicable language of section of Attachment X of the MISO tariff is included in Appendix B Attachment X Safety and Reliability Screen Results The results of Otter Tail s investigation of this project against that of the screening parameters included in section of Attachment X to the MISO tariff 1. Section : Otter Tail has confirmed that the line section R101 is requesting interconnection to is not dominated by large commercial customers. The majority of the load served off this line is due to residential customers. 2. Section : Otter Tail has determined that the loading on the line section R101 is requesting interconnection to is mainly dominated by three distribution substations located east of the R101 project. These three substations are electrically located between the R101 project and the Plummer 115/41.6 kv substation. There is one additional distribution substation located west of the R101 project that is fairly small in comparison to the other three distribution substations located on this circuit. 3. Section : Otter Tail understands that the requested interconnection point of the R101 project is located approximately 15 miles from the Plummer 115/41.6 kv substation. Otter Tail does allow emergency ratings on their 41.6 kv equipment; however, this line is currently limited by relay settings at the Plummer 115/41.6 kv Substation, thus there is not an emergency limit allowed on the 41.6 kv line that the R101 project is requesting interconnection to. 4. Section : Otter Tail will require the interconnection customer to verify that the functionality described in section is incorporated in the design of the R101 project. The interconnection customer will also be required to sign Otter Tail s Control Area Services and Operations Tariff (CASOT). 5. Section : In the screening analysis performed by Otter Tail, no overloads occurred on any Facilities nor were there any additional voltage criteria violations caused by the R101 project. However, Otter Tail did notice some reverse power flow concerns related to the R101 project when switching into adjacent transmission lines connecting the R101 project to other high voltage substations. Currently, Otter Tail s protection is not designed to accommodate reverse power flows on these 41.6 kv circuits. If these reverse power flow concerns are not mitigated, Otter Tail equipment is in jeopardy of being harmed with the addition of R101 project leading to reliability concerns on the 41.6 kv transmission system. The table below shows the substation locations that exhibited reverse power flow issues in the analysis. R101 Supplemental Review Page 9

10 Model Contingency Breaker Showing Reverse Flow Amount of Reverse Flow (MW) 2017 SLL System Intact Plummer SLL Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101), Plummer Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch SLL Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly Crookston (R101),Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch SLL Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly Plummer (R101),Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch SUM System Intact Plummer SUM Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101), Plummer Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch SUM Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly Crookston (R101),Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch SUM Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly Plummer (R101),Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch WPK Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly Crookston (R101),Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch 448 Table 4-5: Reverse Flow Issues Existing protective relaying schemes on the transmission lines off Plummer breakers 425 and 435, as well as Crookston breaker 635, will be required to be modified to handle reverse flows. If the R101 project continues forward, a Facility Study would be required to determine what would be required to upgrade the protection on these circuits noted above. 6. Section : Otter Tail will require the interconnection customer to verify that the R101 project will be designed to address the various technical issues stated in Conclusion Otter Tail performed a Supplemental Review for the R101 project proceeding through the MISO interconnection process. The Supplemental Review included three screening parameters (1) Minimum Loading Screen, (2) Voltage and Power Quality Screen, and (3) Safety and Reliability Screen. R101 failed the Minimum Loading Screen. The aggregated flow of the R101 generating facility was not less than 100% of the minimum load for the line sections bounded by automatic sectionalizing devices upstream of the proposed interconnection of the R101 project. R101 passed the first two requirements of the Voltage and Power Quality Screen. R101 did not create any new voltage criteria violations on the transmission system in the local area. R101 did flag some transient voltage violations; however, these violations could be resolved by adjusting the voltage set point of the R101 project. The last portion of the Voltage and Power Quality Screen, verifying harmonic levels meet IEEE Standard 519 limits was not performed by Otter Tail as part of this Supplemental Review. If the interconnection customer moves forward in the MISO interconnection process, Otter Tail reserves the right to have this analysis performed in the future. R101 Supplemental Review Page 10

11 R101 failed the Safety and Reliability Screen; however, concerns identified by Otter Tail could be addressed by certain design parameters used for the R101 project that would allow this project to pass the Safety and Reliability Screen, such as, but not limited to R101 will be required to verify that requirements outlined in sections and of Attachment X to the MISO tariff are met with the equipment being installed with the project. R101 will be required to address reverse power flow concerns identified by Otter Tail for three 41.6 kv transmission lines. o A Facility Study will be required to determine what necessary upgrades will be required for each substation that has reverse power flow issues identified on individual 41.6 kv transmission circuits. Overall, R101 fails the Supplemental Review due to the Minimum Load Screen and the items that would need to be addressed in the Safety and Reliability Screen. R101 Supplemental Review Page 11

12 Appendices R101 Supplemental Review Page 12

13 Appendix A System Voltage Tables System Intact Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Base Post Delta Base Post Delta Base Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI N.A N.A. N.A N.A. N.A N.A Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101), Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch 449 (Plummer Breaker 425) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Base Post Delta Base Post Delta Base Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI N.A N.A. N.A N.A. N.A N.A Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe R101 Supplemental Review Page 13

14 Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101),Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch 448 (Crookston Breaker 635) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Base Post Delta Base Post Delta Base Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI N.A N.A. N.A N.A. N.A N.A Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe Loss of Red Lake Falls W. (R101) Gentilly, Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch 449 (Plummer Breaker 425) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Base Post Delta Base Post Delta Base Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI N.A N.A. N.A N.A. N.A N.A Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe R101 Supplemental Review Page 14

15 Loss of Crookston Crookston Plant Jct., Closing Switch 448 (Plummer Breaker 435) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Base Post Delta Base Post Delta Base Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI N.A N.A. N.A N.A. N.A N.A Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe R101 Supplemental Review Page 15

16 Transient Voltage Tables System Intact Transient Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101), Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch 449 (Plummer Breaker 425) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe R101 Supplemental Review Page 16

17 Loss of Red Lake Falls W. Gentilly (R101),Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch 448 (Crookston Breaker 635) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe Loss of Red Lake Falls W. (R101) Gentilly, Closing Gentilly Jct. Switch 449 (Plummer Breaker 425) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe R101 Supplemental Review Page 17

18 Loss of Crookston Crookston Plant Jct., Closing Switch 448 (Plummer Breaker 435) Voltage (p.u.) 2017 SLL 2017 SPK 2020 WPK Bus Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta Initial Post Delta 7967 Plummer Plummer Tap Plummer Red Lake Falls Red Lake Falls W R101 POI Gentilly Gentilly Jct Brooks EP Brooks Erskine Jct Erskine Mentor Crookston Crookston Plant Jct Crookston Barrette Crookston Pipe Tap Crookston Pipe R101 Supplemental Review Page 18

19 Appendix B MISO Tariff Excerpts in Section of Attachment X Minimum Load Screen: Where 12 months of line section minimum load data (including onsite load but not station service load served by the proposed Small Generating Facility) are available, can be calculated, can be estimated from existing data, or determined from a power flow model, the aggregate Generating Facility capacity on the line section is less than 100% of the minimum load for all line sections bounded by automatic sectionalizing devices upstream of the proposed Small Generating Facility. If minimum load data is not available, or cannot be calculated, estimated or determined, the Transmission Provider shall include the reason(s) that it is unable to calculate, estimate or determine minimum load in its supplemental review results notification under section The type of generation used by the proposed Small Generating Facility will be taken into account when calculating, estimating, or determining circuit of line section minimum load relevant for the application of screen Solar photovoltaic (PV) generation systems with no battery storage use daytime minimum load (i.e. 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. for fixed panel systems and 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. for PV systems utilizing tracking systems), while all other generation uses absolute minimum load When this screen is being applied to a Small Generating Facility that serves some station service load, only the net injection into the Transmission Provider s electric system will be considered as part of the aggregate generation Transmission Provider will not consider as part of the aggregate generation for purposes of this screen generating facility capacity known to be already reflected in the minimum load data Voltage and Power Quality Screen: In aggregate with existing generation on the line section: (1) the voltage regulation on the line section can be maintained in compliance with relevant requirements under all system conditions; (2) the voltage fluctuation is within acceptable limits as defined by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 1453, or utility practice similar to IEEE Standard 1453; and (3) the harmonic levels meet IEEE Standard 519 limits Safety and Reliability Screen: The location of the proposed small Generating Facility and the aggregate generation capacity on the line section do not create impacts to safety or reliability that cannot be adequately addressed without application of the Study Process. The Transmission Provider shall give due consideration to the following and other factors in determining potential impacts to safety and reliability in applying this screen. R101 Supplemental Review Page 19

20 Whether the line section has significant minimum loading levels dominated by a small number of customers (e.g., several large commercial customers) Whether the loading along the line section is uniform or even Whether the proposed Small Generating Facility is located in close proximity to the substation (i.e., less than 2.5 electrical circuit miles), and whether the line section from the substation to the Point of Interconnection is a Mainline rated for normal and emergency ampacity Whether the proposed Small Generating Facility incorporates a time delay function to prevent reconnection of the generator to the system until system voltage and frequency are within normal limits for a prescribed time Whether operational flexibility is reduced by proposed Small Generating Facility, such that transfer of the line section(s) of the Small Generating Facility to a neighboring distribution circuit/substation may trigger overloads or voltage issues Whether the proposed Small Generating Facility employs equipment or systems certified by a recognized standards organization to address technical issues such as, but not limited to, islanding, reverse power flow, or voltage quality. R101 Supplemental Review Page 20