Finite Element Analysis of Different Types of Composite Column
|
|
- Lewis Harrington
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Finite Element Analysis of Different Types of Composite Column Richa Pateriya 1, Dr. Saleem Akhtar 2, Prof. Nita Rajvaidya 3 1,2 Department of Civil Engineering, UIT RGPV, Bhopal, India 3 Department of Civil Engineering, TIEIT, Bhopal, India Abstract - The use of composite materials has been increased in strengthening of concrete columns in recent years. One of the applications is to use FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) reinforcement instead of steel reinforcement in concrete columns. In this paper, the results of an analytical investigation on the behavior of RC column reinforced with Steel rebar and Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars are comprised and discussed. Linear and Nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) on 12-column specimens were accomplished by using ANSYS software. In this research, we investigated the benefits of superseding steel rebar with FRP bars in concrete columns. An extensive set of parameters was scrutinized, including different main reinforcement ratios, main reinforcement types (GFRP, Steel), ultimate load carrying capacity of columns and deformations. A comparison between the theoretical results and those obtained by analytical modeling using ANSYS are presented. The analysis done will be useful for predicting the ultimate load bearing capacity and deformations of concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars. Keywords: ANSYS, Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP), Finite Element Analysis (FEA), GFRP Reinforced Concrete columns (GFRP). I. INTRODUCTION The traditional reinforcement methods in reinforced concrete column have been accepted for several years as a common practice amongst designers and contractors. There has been a large amount of research completed and designers are capable of predicting the future functioning of the columns. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) is continuously used for reinforcing new structures, and also for rehabilitation of existing structures. FRP composites, in form of sheets, cables, rods, and plates, have proven to be a future alternative to steel reinforcements because of their light weight, no corrosiveness, high specific strength, specific stiffness and are easily constructed. The most common types of FRP are aramid, glass, and carbon; AFRP, GFRP and CFRP respectively [1]. Fiberglass is a cheaper composite material made from glass fibers in a polymeric matrix (GFRP). The fibers provide the main load carrying capability of the material and the polymer serves to protect the fibers and permit load transfer for them. FRP composite materials have been used as internal and external reinforcement in the field of civil engineering constructions. It has been used as internal reinforcement for beams, slabs and pavements [2,3] and also as external reinforcement for rehabilitation and strengthening different structures [4,5]. Fibers reinforced polymer composites, developed primarily for the aerospace and defence industries, are a class of materials with great potential to be used in civil infrastructures. Since the construction of the first all-composite bridge superstructure in Miyun, China, in 1982, they have been gradually gaining acceptance from civil engineers as a new construction material. During these 30 years, they proved to be useful in a few areas of application: mostly in the form of sheets and strips for strengthening existing bridge structures and to some extent, as reinforcing bars substituting steel as concrete reinforcement. So, the purpose of this research is to study the behavior of reinforced concrete columns with GFRP. The results and observations presented in this paper are useful for engineers to predict the compressive strength of concrete column while using GFRP. II. OBJECTIVES The chief objectives of this study are: To study the compressive behavior of reinforced concrete columns reinforced longitudinally as well as transversely with steel rebar under pure axial load. To study the compressive behavior of reinforced concrete columns reinforced longitudinally as well as transversely with Glass fiber reinforced polymer under pure axial load. To compare the Structural behavior of RCC and GFRP Column. To perform linear and non-linear analysis of column with steel and GFRP reinforcement. III. SCOPE Analysis of the results will create a conclusion on the effectiveness of analytical analysis and effectiveness of GFRP as reinforcement. 173
2 IV. DETAILS OF COLUMN SPECIMENS Length of all Column Specimens =3200mm Cross Section of all column specimen=300mm 300mm The used element is capable of plastic deformation, cracking in three orthogonal directions, and crushing [9], [10]. TABLE I DETAILS OF COLUMN SPECIMENS Figure 2: Solid-65 Element for concrete A link8 element was used to model the reinforcement Polymer bar; two nodes are required for this element. Each node has three degrees of freedom, translation in the nodal x, y, and z directions. The element is also capable of plastic deformation [9], [10]. V. FINITE ELEMENT MODELING 5.1 Geometry The details of testing columns were shown in Fig.1. Analysis was carried out in 12-column specimens, where all columns had a square cross-section with a 300mm side and length of 3200mm. Analyzed columns had main reinforcement(steel, GFRP) 6#12mm, 6#16mm,6#20mm 8#12mm,8#16mm and 8#20mm. The transverse reinforcement (Steel, GFRP) was ф8 mm stirrups spaced 200mm, characteristic compressive strength of concrete columns 30 N/mm 2. Figure 3: A link 8 Element for Reinforcement 5.3 Material Properties The input data for the concrete, GFRP, and steel properties are shown in Table II, which is taken from Indian Standard code 2000 [14], Table III is taken from ACI Code 2008 [7, 11], Table IV is taken from EGYPTIAN Code 2001 [12], and Table V is taken from British Standards Institution 1997 [13]. IS code does not provide any recommendations for FRP. TABLE II INPUT DATA AS PER IS 456: Element types Figure 1: Details of reinforcement of columns An eight-node solid element, solid65, was used to model the concrete. Solid element has eight nodes with three degrees of freedom at each node, translation in the nodal x, y, and z directions. 174
3 TABLE III INPUT DATA AS PER ACI CODE 4.1: IS 456:2000 TABLE IV INPUT DATA AS PER EGYPTIAN CODE 4.2: ACI CODE TABLE V INPUT DATA AS PER BS 8110 CODE 4.3: BS CODE Figure 4: Stress-Strain Curves for Concrete as per various codes VI. LINEAR & NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS For Linear & nonlinear analysis of column, first, we define stress strain curve for concrete, steel, and FRP using different codes [11], [12], [13], [14] : IS 456:2000
4 5.2: ACI CODE 6.3: EGYPTIAN CODE Figure 6: Stress-Strain Curve for FRP as per various codes 5.3: BS CODE Figure 5: Stress-Strain Curve for Steel as per various codes VII. LOADINGS The parametric studies included in this investigation are the reinforcement ratios and reinforcement types, and the characteristic compressive strength of concrete, ultimate load bearing capacity etc. Table VI shows the ultimate loads on columns using ultimate load carrying capacity formula on the basis of different codes [11], [12], [13], [14]. TABLE VI ULTIMATE LOAD ON COLUMN (KN) 6.1: ACI CODE VIII. ANALYSIS OF COLUMN USING ANSYS & COMPARISON OF RESULTS 8.1 Linear Analysis: Table VII shows analytical results of deformations using ANSYS and also shows the comparison of deformations in columns using Steel and GFRP as a reinforcement as per various codes. The analysis results are shown graphically in figure 7 to figure : BS CODE 176
5 TABLE VII ANSYS RESULTS FOR DEFORMATION (LINEAR ANALYSIS) 8.3 Non Linear Analysis: Table X shows analytical results of deformations using ANSYS and also shows the comparison of deformations using Steel and GFRP as a reinforcement as per various codes. The analysis results are shown graphically in figure 11 to figure 14. TABLE X ANSYS RESULTS FOR DEFORMATION (NON LINEAR ANALYSIS) 8.2 Validation for deformations: The values of deformations obtained from ANSYS (In Linear Analysis) are validated with the help of Equation of Elasticity for composite material. [6]. Table VIII and Table IX show the validation of deformation when steel and GFRP is used as reinforcement in concrete columns. Table VIII VALIDATION FOR DEFORMATION (mm) [WHEN STEEL IS USED AS REINFORCEMENT 8.4 Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph: Figure 7: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph as per IS code TABLE IX VALIDATION FOR DEFORMATION (mm) [WHEN GFRP IS USED AS REINFORCEMENT] IS code does not give recommendations for FRP & hence this graph represents reinforcement ratio Vs deformation only for Steel. Figure 8: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph as per ACI code 177
6 Figure 9: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph as per BS Code Figure 13: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph as per BS Code Figure 10: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph as per Egyptian Code Figure 14: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph as per EGYPTIAN Code IX. COST COMPARISON OF STEEL AND GFRP FOR DEIFFERENT REINFORCEMENT RATIO TABLE XI: COST ANALYSIS & COMPARISON Figure 11: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation as per IS Code IS code does not give recommendations for FRP & hence this graph represents reinforcement ratio Vs deformation only for Steel. Figure 12: Reinforcement ratio Vs Deformation Graph as per ACI code 178
7 Although the initial cost of GFRP columns is more, the use of GFRP is beneficial instead of steel as it is corrosion resistant, weighs 1/4 th of steel, has greater tensile strength and also it reduces the maintenance cost to a greater extent. Figure 15: Reinforcement ratio Vs total cost of reinforcement Initial cost of installation of GFRP reinforcement as compare to steel reinforcement is more however in the future; it becomes cost effective in the long run as: GFRP is corrosion free. Use of GFRP reduces concrete cover and eliminates corrosion protection measures. Using GFRP may minimize expensive repair work required in case of steel reinforcement. X. CONCLUSION The Linear and Non-linear behavior of 12 column specimens are investigated in this study. The conclusions made from this investigation are as follows: Increasing reinforcement ratio from 0.8 to % has a significant effect on ultimate loads. As per ACI and BS-8110 code, for the same reinforcement ratio GFRP does not affect the ultimate load capacity of the column. While as per Egyptian code, for the same reinforcement ratio GFRP significantly increases the ultimate load capacity of the column. As per ACI and BS-8110 code, for linear and nonlinear analysis and for the same reinforcement ratio deformation does not change when using GFRP, but as per Egyptian Code, for the same reinforcement ratio deformation significantly increases in case of GFRP. The cost of reinforcement increases in case of GFRP from 37% to 74% for different reinforcement ratio. REFERENCES [1] Ehab M. Lofty, (2010) Ehab M. Lofty, (2010) Behavior of reinforced concrete short columns with Fiber Reinforced polymer bars International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Volume 1, No 4 pp [2] Rizkalla, S., Hassan, T., and Hassan, N., [2003]. Design Recommendations for the use of FRP for Reinforcement and Strengthening of Concrete Structures. Journal of Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, 5 (1), [3] Benmokrane, B., El-Salakawy, E., El-Ragaby, A., and Lackey, T. [2006]. Designing and Testing of Concrete Bridge Decks Reinforced with Glass FRP Bars. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 11 (2): [4] Demers, M., and Neale, K.W. [1999]. Confinement of Reinforced Concrete Columns with Fiber Reinforced Composite Sheets- an Experimental Study. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 26, [5] Teng, J.G., Chen, J.F., Smith, S.T., and Lam, L., [2002]. FRP Strengthened RC Structures. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. [6] S S Bhavikatti strength of materials Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd, 2009, third edition. [7] ACI Committee 440, (2006) Guide for the design and construction of structural concrete reinforced with FRP bars, ACI 440.1R-06, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI [8] Ching Chiaw Choo, Issam E. Harik, and Hans Gesund (2006) Minimum Reinforcement Ratio for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Columns ACI Structural Journal/May-June, pp [9] ANSYS User's Manual, Swanson Systems, Inc [10] Ehab M. Lotfy, (2010) Behavior of reinforced concrete short columns with Fiber Reinforced polymers bars International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Volume 1, No 3, pp [11] American Concrete Institute, (2008) Building code requirements for structural concrete, ACI , ACI, Farmington Hills, MI [12] Egyptian Code for design and construction of concrete structures, code no 203, 2001 [13] British Standards Institution (BSI), (2002) Structural use of concrete Part 1: Code of practice for design and construction.bs8110-1:1997, London. [14] Indian Standards Code (IS),(2000) Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code of Practice Forth Revision, IS 456:2000, India. 179
BEHAVIOR OF SHORT CONCRETE COLUMNS REINFORCED BY CFRP BARS AND SUBJECTED TO ECCENTRIC LOAD
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 6, Issue 10, Oct 2015, pp. 15-24 Article ID: IJCIET_06_10_002 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=6&itype=10
More informationNumerical modelling of shear connection between concrete slab and sheeting deck
7th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering 2008 September 10-13, Universität Stuttgart, Germany Numerical modelling of shear connection between concrete slab and sheeting deck Noémi Seres
More informationChapter 5 Bridge Deck Slabs. Bridge Engineering 1
Chapter 5 Bridge Deck Slabs Bridge Engineering 1 Basic types of bridge decks In-situ reinforced concrete deck- (most common type) Pre-cast concrete deck (minimize the use of local labor) Open steel grid
More informationANALYSIS FOR BEHAVIOR AND ULTIMATE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE CORBELS WITH HYBRID REINFORCEMENT
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 6, Issue 10, Oct 2015, pp. 25-35 Article ID: IJCIET_06_10_003 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=6&itype=10
More informationIn-situ Load Testing to Evaluate New Repair Techniques
In-situ Load Testing to Evaluate New Repair Techniques W.J. Gold 1 and A. Nanni 2 1 Assistant Research Engineer, Univ. of Missouri Rolla, Dept. of Civil Engineering 2 V&M Jones Professor, Univ. of Missouri
More informationSEISMIC UPGRADE OF OAK STREET BRIDGE WITH GFRP
13 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 2004 Paper No. 3279 SEISMIC UPGRADE OF OAK STREET BRIDGE WITH GFRP Yuming DING 1, Bruce HAMERSLEY 2 SUMMARY Vancouver
More informationOptimum proportions for the design of suspension bridge
Journal of Civil Engineering (IEB), 34 (1) (26) 1-14 Optimum proportions for the design of suspension bridge Tanvir Manzur and Alamgir Habib Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering
More informationSEISMIC RETROFITTING TECHNIQUE USING CARBON FIBERS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS
Fracture Mechanics of Concrete Structures Proceedings FRAMCOS-3 AEDIFICA TIO Publishers, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany SEISMIC RETROFITTING TECHNIQUE USING CARBON FIBERS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS H.
More informationFiberglass Rebar (GFRP Rebar)
Concrete Protection Products, Inc. Fiberglass Rebar (GFRP Rebar) Product Guide Specification October, 2013 Specifier Notes: This product specification is written according to the Construction Specifications
More informationNONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS UNDER PUNCHING LOADS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 3, May June 2016, pp. 392 397, Article ID: IJCIET_07_03_040 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=3
More informationDESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BRIDGE WITH TWO ENDS FIXED ON VERTICAL WALL USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 34-44, Article ID: IJCIET_07_02_003 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationAPE T CFRP Aslan 500
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Tape is used for structural strengthening of concrete, masonry or timber elements using the technique known as Near Surface Mount or NSM strengthening. Use of CFRP
More informationREHABILITATION OF THE FIGUEIRA DA FOZ BRIDGE
REHABILITATION OF THE FIGUEIRA DA FOZ BRIDGE A.Rito Proponte, Lda, Lisbon, Portugal J. Appleton A2P Consult, Lda, Lisbon, Portugal ABSTRACT: The Figueira da Foz Bridge includes a 405 m long cable stayed
More informationUSE OF CFRP LAMINATES FOR STRENGTHENING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CORBELS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 6, Issue 11, Nov 2015, pp. 11-20, Article ID: IJCIET_06_11_002 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=6&itype=11
More informationIMPROVING THE STRUT AND TIE METHOD BY INCLUDING THE CONCRETE SOFTENING EFFECT
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 117 127, Article ID: IJCIET_07_02_009 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationASSESSMENT AND PROPOSED STRUCTURAL REPAIR STRATEGIES FOR BRIDGE PIERS IN TAIWAN DAMAGED BY THE JI-JI EARTHQUAKE ABSTRACT
ASSESSMENT AND PROPOSED STRUCTURAL REPAIR STRATEGIES FOR BRIDGE PIERS IN TAIWAN DAMAGED BY THE JI-JI EARTHQUAKE Pei-Chang Huang 1, Graduate Research Assistant / MS Candidate Yao T. Hsu 2, Ph.D., PE, Associate
More informationStrengthening of a Bridge Using Two FRP Technologies. Paolo Casadei, Nestore Galati, Renato Parretti and Antonio Nanni
Strengthening of a Bridge Using Two FRP Technologies Paolo Casadei, Nestore Galati, Renato Parretti and Antonio Nanni Synopsis This paper reports on the use of externally bonded fiber reinforced polymers
More informationNumerical Analysis of the Moving Formwork Bracket Stress during Construction of a Curved Continuous Box Girder Bridge with Variable Width
Modern Applied Science; Vol. 9, No. 6; 2015 ISSN 1913-1844 E-ISSN 1913-1852 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Numerical Analysis of the Moving Formwork Bracket Stress during Construction
More informationANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF SPRING BACK EFFECTS IN A TYPICAL COLD ROLLED SHEET
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2016, pp. 119-130, Article ID: IJMET_07_01_013 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?jtype=ijmet&vtype=7&itype=1
More informationEFFECTS ON NUMBER OF CABLES FOR MODAL ANALYSIS OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES
EFFECTS ON NUMBER OF CABLES FOR MODAL ANALYSIS OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES Yang-Cheng Wang Associate Professor & Chairman Department of Civil Engineering Chinese Military Academy Feng-Shan 83000,Taiwan Republic
More informationUse of Strain Gauge Rosette to Investigate Stress concentration in Isotropic and Orthotropic Plate with Circular Hole
Use of Strain Gauge Rosette to Investigate Stress concentration in Isotropic and Orthotropic Plate with Circular Hole Mr.V.G.Aradhye 1, Prof.S.S.Kulkarni 2 1 PG Scholar, Mechanical department, SKN Sinhgad
More informationDraft Table of Contents. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary ACI 318-14
Draft Table of Contents Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary ACI 318-14 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE (ACI 318 14) Chapter 1 General 1.1 Scope of ACI 318
More informationNONLINEAR BEHAVIOR AND FRAGILITY ASSESSMENT OF MULTI-STORY CONFINED MASONRY WALLS UNDER CYCLIC LOADS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 216, pp. 113-127, Article ID: IJCIET_7_1_1 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=1
More informationMiss S. S. Nibhorkar 1 1 M. E (Structure) Scholar,
Volume, Special Issue, ICSTSD Behaviour of Steel Bracing as a Global Retrofitting Technique Miss S. S. Nibhorkar M. E (Structure) Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering
More informationNumerical Analysis of Independent Wire Strand Core (IWSC) Wire Rope
Numerical Analysis of Independent Wire Strand Core (IWSC) Wire Rope Rakesh Sidharthan 1 Gnanavel B K 2 Assistant professor Mechanical, Department Professor, Mechanical Department, Gojan engineering college,
More informationReinforced Concrete Design
FALL 2013 C C Reinforced Concrete Design CIVL 4135 ii 1 Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1. Reading Assignment Chapter 1 Sections 1.1 through 1.8 of text. 1.2. Introduction In the design and analysis of reinforced
More informationUniaxial Compressive Strength of Cold-formed Steel Tubular Sections with Recycled Aggregate Concrete Infill
Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Cold-formed Steel Tubular Sections with Recycled Aggregate Concrete Infill N.Umamaheswari 1, S. Arul Jayachandran 2 1 Associate Professor/Civil, SRM University, Kattankulathur,
More informationREPAIR AND STRENGTHENING OF HISTORICAL CONCRETE BRIDGE OVER VENTA RIVER IN LATVIA
1 REPAIR AND STRENGTHENING OF HISTORICAL CONCRETE BRIDGE OVER VENTA RIVER IN LATVIA Verners Straupe, M.sc.eng., Rudolfs Gruberts, dipl. eng. JS Celuprojekts, Murjanu St. 7a, Riga, LV 1024, Latvia e-mail:
More informationSTRENGTHENING AND LOAD TESTING OF THREE BRIDGES IN BOONE COUNTY, MO
STRENGTHENING AND LOAD TESTING OF THREE BRIDGES IN BOONE COUNTY, MO S. Schiebel 1, R. Parretti 1, A. Nanni 2, and M. Huck 3 ABSTRACT Three bridges in Boone County, Missouri (Brown School Road Bridge, Coats
More informationThe International Journal Of Science & Technoledge (ISSN 2321 919X) www.theijst.com
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLEDGE Retrofitting of Fire Affected Structural Member in Multistorey Buildings Chandrakant PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering S.D.M. College of Engineering
More informationINTRODUCTION TO BEAMS
CHAPTER Structural Steel Design LRFD Method INTRODUCTION TO BEAMS Third Edition A. J. Clark School of Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Part II Structural Steel Design and Analysis
More informationCFRP STRENGTHENING OF CIRCULAR CONCRETE SLAB WITH AND WITHOUT OPENINGS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2016, pp. 290-303, Article ID: IJCIET_07_01_024 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=1
More informationDESIGN OF SLABS. 3) Based on support or boundary condition: Simply supported, Cantilever slab,
DESIGN OF SLABS Dr. G. P. Chandradhara Professor of Civil Engineering S. J. College of Engineering Mysore 1. GENERAL A slab is a flat two dimensional planar structural element having thickness small compared
More informationObjectives. Experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of elasticity and ductility of given materials.
Lab 3 Tension Test Objectives Concepts Background Experimental Procedure Report Requirements Discussion Objectives Experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of elasticity
More informationSchneps, Leila; Colmez, Coralie. Math on Trial : How Numbers Get Used and Abused in the Courtroom. New York, NY, USA: Basic Books, 2013. p i.
New York, NY, USA: Basic Books, 2013. p i. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/mcgill/doc?id=10665296&ppg=2 New York, NY, USA: Basic Books, 2013. p ii. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/mcgill/doc?id=10665296&ppg=3 New
More informationFire and Concrete Structures
Fire and Concrete Structures Authors: David N. Bilow, P.E., S.E., Director, Engineered Structures, Portland Cement Association 5420 Old Orchard Road, Skokie, IL 60077,Phone 847-972-9064, email: dbilow@cement.org
More informationExperimental and analytical investigation of ferrocement water pipe
Vol. 4(4), pp. 157-167, May, 2013 DOI 10.5897/JCECT2013.0230 ISSN 1996-0816 2013 Academic Journals http://www.academicjournals.org/jcect Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction Technology Full Length
More informationThe Basics of FEA Procedure
CHAPTER 2 The Basics of FEA Procedure 2.1 Introduction This chapter discusses the spring element, especially for the purpose of introducing various concepts involved in use of the FEA technique. A spring
More informationNonlinear numerical analysis of SRC-RC transfer columns based on OpenSEES
3rd International Conference on Material, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (IC3ME 2015) Nonlinear numerical analysis of SRC-RC transfer columns based on OpenSEES Hao Gu 1 a * Yun ZOU 1 Ming Chen
More informationDYNAMIC ANALYSIS ON STEEL FIBRE
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 179 184, Article ID: IJCIET_07_02_015 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationMethods for Seismic Retrofitting of Structures
Methods for Seismic Retrofitting of Structures Retrofitting of existing structures with insufficient seismic resistance accounts for a major portion of the total cost of hazard mitigation. Thus, it is
More informationDeflection Calculation of RC Beams: Finite Element Software Versus Design Code Methods
Deflection Calculation of RC Beams: Finite Element Software Versus Design Code Methods G. Kaklauskas, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 1223 Vilnius, Lithuania (gintaris.kaklauskas@st.vtu.lt) V.
More informationAnalysis of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Grid Reinforced Concrete Beams
ACI STRUCTURAL JOURNAL Title no. 100-S27 TECHNICAL PAPER Analysis of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Grid Reinforced Concrete Beams by Federico A. Tavarez, Lawrence C. Bank, and Michael E. Plesha This
More informationThe Original Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer System
Infrastructure The Original Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer System Phone: 52.292.39 Toll Free: 866.38.269 Fax: 52.48.5274 282 E. Fort Lowell Rd. Tucson, AZ 8576 www.dowaksausa.com Test results are supported
More informationThe elements used in commercial codes can be classified in two basic categories:
CHAPTER 3 Truss Element 3.1 Introduction The single most important concept in understanding FEA, is the basic understanding of various finite elements that we employ in an analysis. Elements are used for
More informationResearch on the meaning of reinforcement ductility for a behavior of double-spans reinforced concrete beam.
Research on the meaning of reinforcement ductility for a behavior of double-spans reinforced concrete beam. Prepared by: Contents list Page 1. Purpose of the research 3 2. Test models and stand description
More informationINFLUENCE OF STEEL FIBERS AS ADMIX IN NORMAL CONCRETE MIX
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2016, pp. 93-103, Article ID: IJCIET_07_01_008 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=1
More informationShear Strengthening. Sika CarboDur Composite Systems
Solutions with Sika Systems Shear Strengthening Sika CarboDur Composite Systems Long term tested and approved systems High strength composite systems Corrosion resistant Easy application No maintenance
More informationCHAPTER 4 4 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
41 CHAPTER 4 4 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Simulation is a powerful tool that engineers use to predict the result of a phenomenon or to simulate the working situation in which a part or machine will perform in
More informationStructural Integrity Analysis
Structural Integrity Analysis 1. STRESS CONCENTRATION Igor Kokcharov 1.1 STRESSES AND CONCENTRATORS 1.1.1 Stress An applied external force F causes inner forces in the carrying structure. Inner forces
More informationHow To Write An Analysis System For Bridge Test
Study of Analysis System for Bridge Test Chen Ke, Lu Jian-Ming, Research Institute of Highway, 100088, Beijing, China (chenkezi@163.com, lujianming@263.net) Summary Analysis System for Bridge Test (Chinese
More informationCOMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF GEO POLYMER CONCRETE
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2016, pp. 211-219, Article ID: IJCIET_07_01_018 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=1
More informationMECHANICAL PRINCIPLES HNC/D PRELIMINARY LEVEL TUTORIAL 1 BASIC STUDIES OF STRESS AND STRAIN
MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES HNC/D PRELIMINARY LEVEL TUTORIAL 1 BASIC STUDIES O STRESS AND STRAIN This tutorial is essential for anyone studying the group of tutorials on beams. Essential pre-requisite knowledge
More informationStress Strain Relationships
Stress Strain Relationships Tensile Testing One basic ingredient in the study of the mechanics of deformable bodies is the resistive properties of materials. These properties relate the stresses to the
More informationFinite Element Simulation of Simple Bending Problem and Code Development in C++
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH, VOL. I, ISSUE 6/ SEPEMBER 013 ISSN 86-48, www.euacademic.org IMPACT FACTOR: 0.485 (GIF) Finite Element Simulation of Simple Bending Problem and Code Development in C++ ABDUL
More informationNUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF GLULAM BEAMS WITHOUT AND WITH GFRP REINFORCEMENT
10th International Conference on Composite Science and Technology ICCST/10 A.L. Araújo, J.R. Correia, C.M. Mota Soares, et al. (Editors) IDMEC 2015 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF GLULAM BEAMS WITHOUT AND WITH GFRP
More informationReliability of Temperature-Dependent Models for Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Members Subjected to Fire
ACI STRUCTURAL JOURNAL TECHNICAL PAPER Title No. 113-S40 Reliability of Temperature-Dependent Models for Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Members Subjected to Fire by Fady ElMohandes and Frank J. Vecchio
More informationStructural Design Criteria & Design Loads on Delhi Metro Rail and Checking of Safety of Radial Joints in Tunnel Lining Segments
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2015 1 Structural Design Criteria & Design Loads on Delhi Metro Rail and Checking of Safety of Radial Joints in Tunnel
More informationBehavior of High-Strength Concrete Rectangular Columns
Seventh International Congress on Advances in Civil Engineering, October11-13, 26 Yildiz TechnicalUniversity, Istanbul, Turkey Behavior of High-Strength Concrete Rectangular Columns S. Kim, H. C. Mertol,
More informationINVESTIGATION OF VISCOELASTICITY AND CURE SHRINKAGE IN AN EPOXY RESIN DURING PROCESSING
TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS INVESTIGATION OF VISCOELASTICITY AND CURE SHRINKAGE IN AN EPOXY RESIN DURING PROCESSING T. Shimizu *, H. Koinuma, K. Nagai Mitsubishi Heavy Industries,
More informationFUNDAMENTAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
FUNDAMENTAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS With Mathematica and MATLAB Computations M. ASGHAR BHATTI WILEY JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. CONTENTS OF THE BOOK WEB SITE PREFACE xi xiii 1 FINITE ELEMENT
More informationDETERMINATION OF TIME-TEMPERATURE SHIFT FACTOR FOR LONG-TERM LIFE PREDICTION OF POLYMER COMPOSITES
DETERMINATION OF TIME-TEMPERATURE SHIFT FACTOR FOR LONG-TERM LIFE PREDICTION OF POLYMER COMPOSITES K. Fukushima*, H. Cai**, M. Nakada*** and Y. Miyano*** * Graduate School, Kanazawa Institute of Technology
More informationENGINEERING COUNCIL CERTIFICATE LEVEL
ENGINEERING COUNCIL CERTIICATE LEVEL ENGINEERING SCIENCE C103 TUTORIAL - BASIC STUDIES O STRESS AND STRAIN You should judge your progress by completing the self assessment exercises. These may be sent
More informationbi directional loading). Prototype ten story
NEESR SG: Behavior, Analysis and Design of Complex Wall Systems The laboratory testing presented here was conducted as part of a larger effort that employed laboratory testing and numerical simulation
More informationField Damage Inspection and Static Load Test Analysis of Jiamusi Highway Prestressed Concrete Bridge in China
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 163-167 (2011) pp 1147-1156 Online available since 2010/Dec/06 at www.scientific.net (2011) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1147
More informationSolid Mechanics. Stress. What you ll learn: Motivation
Solid Mechanics Stress What you ll learn: What is stress? Why stress is important? What are normal and shear stresses? What is strain? Hooke s law (relationship between stress and strain) Stress strain
More informationFLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF HYBRID FRP-UHPC GIRDERS UNDER STATIC LOADING
Proceedings of 8 th International Conference on Short and Medium Span Bridge Niagara Falls, Canada 21 FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF HYBRID FRP-UHPC GIRDERS UNDER STATIC LOADING Donna S. M. Chen Department of Civil
More informationExperimental assessment of concrete damage due to exposure to high temperature and efficacy of the repair system
MATEC Web of Conferences 6, 06002 (2013) DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/20130606002 C Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2013 Experimental assessment of concrete damage due to exposure to high temperature
More informationINJECTION MOLDING COOLING TIME REDUCTION AND THERMAL STRESS ANALYSIS
INJECTION MOLDING COOLING TIME REDUCTION AND THERMAL STRESS ANALYSIS Tom Kimerling University of Massachusetts, Amherst MIE 605 Finite Element Analysis Spring 2002 ABSTRACT A FEA transient thermal structural
More informationLARGE SCALE TENSILE TESTS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBER REINFORCED CEMENT COMPOSITES
LARGE SCALE TENSILE TESTS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBER REINFORCED CEMENT COMPOSITES Shih-Ho Chao (1), Wen-Cheng Liao (2), Thanasak Wongtanakitcharoen (3), and Antoine E. Naaman (4) (1) Post-Doctoral Research
More informationADVANTAGES OF STEEL FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE IN INDUSTRIAL FLOORS
ADVANTAGES OF STEEL FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE IN INDUSTRIAL FLOORS Murugesan M 1, Dashrath Rajpurohit 2 1 Assistant General Manager, Civil & Structural, Larsen & Toubro Technology Services, Tamilnadu,
More informationTHE EFFECT OF STIRRUPS AND HOOKED STEEL FIBERS INSTEAD ON MOMENT-ROTATION CAPACITY OF BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTIONS
THE EFFECT OF STIRRUPS AND HOOKED STEEL FIBERS INSTEAD ON MOMENT-ROTATION CAPACITY OF BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTIONS Assist. Prof. Dr. S. KamilAkın 1, Assist. Prof. Dr. Nail Kara 1, 1 Department of Civil Engineering,
More informationDesign, Construction, and Field-Testing of an RC Box Culvert Bridge Reinforced with GFRP Bars
Design, Construction, and Field-Testing of an RC Box Culvert Bridge Reinforced with GFRP Bars TAREK ALKHRDAJI, Ph. D. Candidate of Civil Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla and ANTONIO NANNI, Jones
More informationEFFECT OF GEOGRID REINFORCEMENT ON LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF A COARSE SAND BED
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 3, May June 2016, pp. 01 06, Article ID: IJCIET_07_03_001 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=3
More informationSLAB DESIGN. Introduction ACI318 Code provides two design procedures for slab systems:
Reading Assignment SLAB DESIGN Chapter 9 of Text and, Chapter 13 of ACI318-02 Introduction ACI318 Code provides two design procedures for slab systems: 13.6.1 Direct Design Method (DDM) For slab systems
More informationStructural Audit of Buildings
International Journal of Civil Engineering Research. ISSN 2278-3652 Volume 5, Number 4 (2014), pp. 411-416 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/ijcer.htm Structural Audit of Buildings
More informationSeismic Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Beam- Column T-Joints in Bridge Piers with FRP Composite Jackets
SP-258 1 Seismic Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Beam- Column T-Joints in Bridge Piers with FRP Composite Jackets by C.P. Pantelides and J. Gergely Synopsis: The research described encompasses laboratory
More informationChapter Outline. Mechanical Properties of Metals How do metals respond to external loads?
Mechanical Properties of Metals How do metals respond to external loads? Stress and Strain Tension Compression Shear Torsion Elastic deformation Plastic Deformation Yield Strength Tensile Strength Ductility
More informationAnalysis and Repair of an Earthquake-Damaged High-rise Building in Santiago, Chile
Analysis and Repair of an Earthquake-Damaged High-rise Building in Santiago, Chile J. Sherstobitoff Ausenco Sandwell, Vancouver, Canada P. Cajiao AMEC, Vancouver, Canada P. Adebar University of British
More information2009-12-23 ICS: 93.160. Strengthening retrofitting of reinforced concrete structures by gluing of fibre reinforced polymeric fabrics (FRP fabrics)
36888 ежглеяис тгс йубеямгсеыс (теувос еутеяо) 20091223 ICS: 93160 150114010801:2009 H HELLENIC CHNICAL SPECIFICATION (FRP ) Strengthening retrofitting of reinforced concrete structures by gluing of fibre
More informationCOMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING OF FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION USING ABAQUS
International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 30 52, Article ID: IJARET_07_02_004 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijaret/issues.asp?jtype=ijaret&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationSEISMIC RETROFITTING OF EARTHQUAKE-DAMAGED CONCRETE COLUMNS BY LATERAL PRE-TENSIONING OF FRP BELTS. K. Nasrollahzadeh Nesheli 1 and K.
Proceedings of the 8 th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering April 18-22, 26, San Francisco, California, USA Paper No. 841 SEISMIC RETROFITTING OF EARTHQUAKE-DAMAGED CONCRETE COLUMNS BY LATERAL
More informationSeismic performance evaluation of an existing school building in Turkey
CHALLENGE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL MECHANICS 1 (4) (2015) 161 167 Seismic performance evaluation of an existing school building in Turkey Hüseyin Bilgin * Department of Civil Engineering, Epoka University,
More informationLab 1 Concrete Proportioning, Mixing, and Testing
Lab 1 Concrete Proportioning, Mixing, and Testing Supplemental Lab manual Objectives Concepts Background Experimental Procedure Report Requirements Discussion Prepared By Mutlu Ozer Objectives Students
More informationBearing strength of stainless steel bolted plates in tension
NSCC29 Bearing strength of stainless steel bolted plates in tension G. KIYMAZ 1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Kultur University, Ataköy Campus, Bakırköy, Istanbul, Turkey ABSTRACT: A study
More informationA Decade of Performance of FRP-Repaired Concrete Structures
A Decade of Performance of FRP-Repaired Concrete Structures Shamim A. Sheikh and S. Mukhtar Homam Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto Toronto, Canada ABSTRACT During the last ten years,
More informationMODELLING OF AN INFILL WALL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF A BUILDING FRAME SUBJECTED TO LATERAL FORCE
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2016, pp. 180-187, Article ID: IJCIET_07_01_015 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=1
More informationCylinder Head Gasket Contact Pressure Simulation for a Hermetic Compressor
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2006 Cylinder Head Gasket Contact Pressure Simulation for a Hermetic Compressor Pavan P.
More informationLOW VELOCITY IMPACT ANALYSIS OF LAMINATED FRP COMPOSITES
LOW VELOCITY IMPACT ANALYSIS OF LAMINATED FRP COMPOSITES B. KRANTHI KUMAR 1 M.Tech student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Godavari Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajahmundry, Andhrapradesh,
More informationMATERIALS AND MECHANICS OF BENDING
HAPTER Reinforced oncrete Design Fifth Edition MATERIALS AND MEHANIS OF BENDING A. J. lark School of Engineering Department of ivil and Environmental Engineering Part I oncrete Design and Analysis b FALL
More informationPragmatic multi-scale and multi-physics analysis of Charles Bridge in Prague
Pragmatic multi-scale and multi-physics analysis of Charles Bridge in Prague Jiří Šejnoha 1,2 Michal Šejnoha 1,2 Jan Zeman 1 Jan Novák 1,2 with Zdeněk Janda, Jiří Maděra, Jan Vorel and Jan Sýkora 1 Department
More informationFire-Damage or Freeze-Thaw of Strengthening Concrete Using Ultra High Performance Concrete
Fire-Damage or Freeze-Thaw of Strengthening Concrete Using Ultra High Performance Concrete Ming-Gin Lee 1,a, Yi-Shuo Huang 1,b 1 Department of Construction Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology,Taichung
More informationTower Cross Arm Numerical Analysis
Chapter 7 Tower Cross Arm Numerical Analysis In this section the structural analysis of the test tower cross arm is done in Prokon and compared to a full finite element analysis using Ansys. This is done
More informationSEISMIC RETROFITTING OF STRUCTURES
SEISMIC RETROFITTING OF STRUCTURES RANJITH DISSANAYAKE DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF PERADENIYA, SRI LANKA ABSTRACT Many existing reinforced concrete structures in present
More informationStrengthening of Large Storage Tank Foundation Walls in an Aggressive Environment by External Post-tensioning. May 7th 2013: Dominique Deschamps
Strengthening of Large Storage Tank Foundation Walls in an Aggressive Environment by External Post-tensioning May 7th 2013: Dominique Deschamps Scope of the paper Presentation of the project Cause of cracks
More informationA Case Study Comparing Two Approaches for Applying Area Loads: Tributary Area Loads vs Shell Pressure Loads
1 A Case Study Comparing Two Approaches for Applying Area Loads: Tributary Area Loads vs Shell Pressure Loads By Dr. Siriwut Sasibut (Application Engineer) S-FRAME Software Inc. #1158 13351 Commerce Parkway
More informationRetrofit Design of Damaged Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipes
International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials Vol.7, No.4, pp.265 27, December 203 DOI 0.007/s40069-03-0057-9 ISSN 976-0485 / eissn 2234-35 Retrofit Design of Damaged Prestressed Concrete
More informationTensile fracture analysis of blunt notched PMMA specimens by means of the Strain Energy Density
Engineering Solid Mechanics 3 (2015) 35-42 Contents lists available at GrowingScience Engineering Solid Mechanics homepage: www.growingscience.com/esm Tensile fracture analysis of blunt notched PMMA specimens
More informationTHEORETICAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION PRECAST REACTIVE POWDER RC GIRDER AND ORDINARY RC DECK SLAB
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 6, Issue 12, Dec 215, pp. 8-21, Article ID: IJCIET_6_12_2 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=6&itype=12
More information