Structure & Function of the Ankle and Foot. A complicated model of simplicity that you really think little about until you have a problem with one.
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1 Structure & Function of the Ankle and Foot A complicated model of simplicity that you really think little about until you have a problem with one.
2 The Foot and Ankle The foot and ankle must be able to instantly adapt to the surface that you are walking on so that you can get, from point A to point B.
3 The Foot and Ankle Terminology Plantar flexion Dorsi flexion Inversion Eversion
4 The Foot and Ankle: Osteology Your subtopic goes here phalanges Metatarsophalageal joint metatarsals Interphalangeal joints tarsals 1 st cuneiform
5 The Foot and Ankle: Arthrology & Osteology tibia fibula lateral malleolus calcaneus talus navicular
6 What is an ankle sprain? Sprain= a stretched or torn ligament
7 The Foot and Ankle Sprain from external rotation
8 Ligaments that support the foot & ankle Why do you think that there are so many of them?
9 Tibialis Anterior Origin Proximal 2/3 of the lateral surface of the tibia and interosseous membrane Medial and plantar aspects of the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal Innervation Deep branch of the peroneal n. Dorsiflexion, inversion
10 Extensor Hallucis Longus Origin Middle section of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane Dorsal base of the distal phalanx of the great toe Innervation Deep branch of the peroneal n. tidbit Extension of the great toe, dorsiflexion What s in a name?
11 Extensor Digitorm Longus Origin Lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal 2/3 of the medial surface of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane Splits into 4 tendons that attach to the proximal base of the dorsal surface of the middle and distal phalanges Innervation Deep branch of the peroneal n. tidbit Extension of all joints of toes 2-5 (MTP, PIP and DIP joints) What s in a name?
12 Peroneus Tertius Origin Distal 1/3 of the medial surface of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane Dorsal surface of the base of the 5 th metatarsal Innervation Deep branch of the peroneal n. Dorsiflexion, eversion
13 Peroneus Longus Origin Lateral condyle of the tibia, head and proximal 2/3 of the lateral surface of the fibula Lateral surface of the medial cuneiform and plantar base of the 1 st metatarsal Innervation Superficial branch of the peroneal n. Eversion, plantar flexion
14 Peroneus Brevis Origin Distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of the fibula Styloid process of the 5 th metatarsal Innervation Superficial branch of the peroneal n. Plantar flexion, eversion
15 Gastrocnemius Origin Innervation Tibial n. Medial head: posterior aspect of the medial femoral condyle Lateral head: posterior aspect of the lateral femoral condyle Calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon Plantar flexion, flexion of the knee
16 Soleus Origin Proximal 1/3 of the posterior fibula and fibular head and posterior aspect of the tibia Calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon Innervation Tibial n. Plantar flexion
17 Plantaris Origin Innervation Tibial n. Lateral supracondylar line of the femur Medial aspect of the Achilles tendon to insert on the calcaneal tuberosity Plantar flexion, initiates knee flexion
18 Tibialis Posterior Origin Innervation Tibial n. Proximal 2/3 of the posterior aspect of the tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane Multiple attachments to every tarsal except the talus, also attaches to the bases of metatarsals 2-4, it s the most prominent insertion on the navicular tuberosity Plantar flexion, inversion
19 Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin Innervation Tibial n. Distal 2/3 of the posterior fibula Plantar surface of the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe Flexion of the great toe, plantar flexion, inversion
20 Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin Posterior surface of the middle 1/3 of the tibia Innervation Tibial n. tidbit By 4 separate tendons to the base of the distal phalanx of the 4 lesser toes Flexion of toes 2-5, plantar flexion, inversion What s in a name? Flexor Digitorum Longus
21 Intrinsic muscles of the foot Flexor digitorum brevis ABDuctor Hallucis ABDuctor digiti minimi Dorsal interossei (ABDuctors) Plantar interossei (ADDuctors) Lumbricals Flexor Hallucis Brevis ADDuctor Hallucis Extensor Digiti Minimi
22 If you take a look at just part of what happens during gait, the foot and ankle go through many changes and this is a flat surface! heel strike foot flat mid stance
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J. M. Skamai, ATC R. L. Trenney, M.Ed., ATC. Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Sport Science Athletic Training Education Program
J. M. Skamai, ATC R. L. Trenney, M.Ed., ATC Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Sport Science Athletic Training Education Program Evidence Category A Recommendation based on consistent and upper quality