IUPAC NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS Chart 1
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1 IUPAC NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS Chart 1 Binary compounds (only two elements) Binary ionic (metal ion with nonmetal ion ) Remember the total charge of ionic compound is zero. Metal ion has a fixed charge Metal ion with variable charges Binary molecular or binary covalent (two nonmetals) Remember there is no charge on the nonmetals in molecular compounds Polyatomic compounds Acids (many elements present) (that donate H + ) Only ionic compounds are to be studied here. Cation or anion or both could be one of the many listed on chart 4. These can be binary or polyatomic, but are classified based on if they contain oxygen or not. Refer to chart 3 for the rules for acids Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Name of the metal followed by part of the nonmetal name with ide added to it. (refer to chart 2) Name of the metal followed by its charge per ion in roman numeral in parentheses, followed by part of the nonmetal name with ide added to it. First element s prefix followed by first elements name, 2 nd element s prefix, part of the 2 nd element s name with ide added to it. (for a list of the prefixes and its exceptions refer to text book) Name of the polyatomic ions written as such. For monoatomic ions, i) the metal ion s name is written as the name of the element. ii) the nonmetal ion is written with part of the nonmetal name with ide added to it. Examples: Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 MgCl 2 magnesium chloride FeO iron(ii) oxide P 2 O 5 diphosphorus pentoxide NH 4 Cl ammonium chloride CaO calcium oxide CuCl copper(i) chloride CO carbon monoxide (cation is polyatomic) Na 3 N sodium nitride HgI 2 mercury(ii) iodide CO 2 carbon dioxide Na 2 SO 4 sodium sulfate (anion is polyatomic) (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 ammonium carbonate (both ions are polyatomic)
2 CHART - 2 Nonmetal part of nonmetal name +ide Nonmetal part of nonmetal name +ide Nonmetal part of nonmetal name +ide bromine bromide hydrogen hydride oxygen oxide chlorine chloride iodine iodide phosphorus phosphide fluorine fluoride nitrogen nitride sulfur sulfide CHART - 3 ACID NOMENCLATURE Contain oxygen? Yes, then it is an oxy acid No Check the ending of negative ion Follow this r ule Ends in ate Ends in ite hydro + part of the anion name (except S) follow this rule + ic acid (Do not start with hydro) Part of the negative ion s name(except S and P) + ic acid Part of the negative ion s name ( except S and P) + ous acid
3 (1-) CHARGE CHART -4 POLYATOMIC IONS WITH (-) CHARGE HYDROXIDE NITRATE CHLORATE, BROMATE, IODATE CYANIDE NITRITE CHLORITE, BROMITE, IODITE ACETATE HYPOCHLORITE, PERCHLORATE PERMANGANATE HYDROGEN SULFATE HYDROGEN SULFITE HYDROGEN CARBONATE DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (2-) CHARGE OXALATE CARBONATE SULFATE CHROMATE DICHROMATE SULFITE THIOSULFATE ( O ATOM IS REPLACED BY S ATOM) MONOHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (3-) CHARGE PHOSPHATE ARSENATE POLYATOMIC IONS WITH + CHARGE: ammonium: NH 4 + and mercury (I) : Hg 2 2+
4 Exercise: 4 I. Write down the names and formulas of compounds formed from the following pairs of elements using the rule for each type of compound. Pair Type Formula Name 1. Potassium and hydrogen 2. Potassium and sulfur 3. Potassium and nitrogen 4. Sodium and carbon 5. Calcium and hydrogen 6. Magnesium and sulfur 7. Magnesium and nitrogen 8. Aluminum and carbon 9. Copper(II) and chlorine 10. Copper(II) and oxygen 11. Copper(II) and nitrogen 12. Copper(II) and carbon 13. Iron(III) and bromine 14. Iron(III) and sulfur 15. Iron(III) and nitrogen 16. Iron(III) and oxygen
5 5 II. Write down the formulas/names of the following compounds after writing down the type of compound. Compound Type Formula/Name 17. P 2 O SO Carbon tetrachloride 20. Dichlorine heptoxide 21. Ammonium sulfate 22. Lithium carbonate 23. Aluminum sulfite 24. Calcium bromate 25. Ammonium nitrite 26. Potassium phosphate 27. Barium hydroxide 28. Potassium permanganate 29. Sodium dichromate 30. Cu(CN) Sodium oxalate 32. Fe (S 2 O 3 ) 33. Calcium acetate 34. Magnesium hypochlorite
6 6 III. Give the names of the following acids: Formula type Name 1. HI 2. HCN 3. H 2 S 4. HF 5. HBr IV. Give the names and formulas of the acids that contain the following anions: Anion Formula of anion Formula of acid Name of acid 1. Acetate 2. Carbonate 3. Sulfate 4. Nitrate 5. Phosphate 6. Sulfite 7. Nitrite
7 7
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