RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN INDONESIA

Transcription

1 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN INDONESIA Dr. Bukin Daulay Head of R&D Center for Mineral and Coal Technology Agency of R&D for Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia Clean Fossil Energy Technical and Policy Seminar Incheon, Korea, October

2 Source of State Revenue ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES SECTOR Feed Stocks Domestic Fuels Multiplier Effects Economic Development Sustainable Development

3 DISTRIBUTION OF COAL RESOURCES 0.48 Resources : 104,76 Billion ton Reserves : 20.9 Billion ton , Source : Geological Agency, December 2008

4 TARGETED PRIMARY ENERGY MIX Geothermal, 1.32% Hydro, 3.11% Oil, 20 % Oil 51.66% Natural Gas, 28.57% Coal, 15.34% Natural Gas, 30% Coal, 33% Alternatives 17% Based on: President Regulation No. 5/ 2006 President instruction No. 2/2006 Alternatives Bio-fuels, 5% Geothermal, 5% others, 5% Coal Liquid 2%

5 ENERGY SUPPLY INDUSTRIAL FEEDSTOCK DIRECT USE CONVERSION UPGRADING Power Plants Boilers/Burners Non Fuel Coal Liquefaction Coal Gasification Coke/Briquettes UBC Impur. Removal Coal Water Fuel ARDEMR

6 APPLICATION OF CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT INDONESIAN ENERGY POLICY Characteristics of New Coal Technology Suitable for Indonesian Low Rank Coals Low cost at high efficiency Environmentally Friendly Clean Coal Technology to be considered : Coal Upgrading Coal Gasification Coal Liquefaction

7 COAL UPGRADING (Upgraded Brown Coal)

8 WHAT IS UBC? To reduce moisture of LRC (up to 80%) To increase CV of LRC (<5,000 kcal/kg) into a product similar to HRC (>6,000 kcal/kg) based on slurry dewatering process UBC Feed Stabilizer (Black box) Premium Coal (added value) Coal Fired Power Generation Industry Export 8

9 DEVELOPMENT OF UBC PILOT PLANT Bench Scale, Takasago (Japan), 100 kg/batch Pilot Plant, Palimanan, Cirebon, 5 ton/day Function: Test facilities to get engineering data for commercial plant Research, to develop UBC process Operator training for UBC commercial plant Results: low rank coal with calorific value of <5,000 kcal/kg increased up to >6,200 kcal/kg Demonstration Plant 9

10 UBC DEMONSTRATION PLANT (Satui, South Kalimantan) 1,000 ton/day feed or 600 ton/day product Construction: April 2007 Operation: Nov Future program: -Optimize Test - FS & Engineering Design - To Accelerate UBC Commercial Plant 10

11 COAL LIQUEFACTION

12 COAL LIQUEFACTION TECHNOLOGY Direct liquefaction Coal Decomposition and Hydrogenation H Oil H Gasification and shift reaction Indirect liquefaction CO + H 2 F/T Synthesis CxHy Oil or Chemicals

13 COAL LIQUEFACTION TECHNOLOGY UNDER COMMERCIALIZATION Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (SASOL PROCESS) - Indirect Process - Commercially Available Headwaters Technology Innovation (HTI) - Direct Process develop by US - Commercial Plant under construction in China - F/S in Philippine and India Brown Coal Liquefaction (BCL) - Direct Process develop by Japan - Pilot plant in Victoria Australia - F/S in three locations in Indonesia (Banko, Berau and Mulia)

14 ROAD TO COMMERCIALIZE BCL TECHNOLOGY PSU 1 t/d Results of 50 t/d Pilot Plant in Victoria Demo Plant 3,000 t/d Too Risky Commercial Plant 6,000 t/d Proposed Demo Plant Capacity 3,000 t/d or 13,500 bbl/d Investment 1.5 billion USD 14

15 EFFORTS TO REALIZE COAL LIQUEFACTION DEMO PLANT Research Collaboration Indonesia-Japan Pre F/S of three locations GOI has issued the Presidential Decree No. 5/2006 and Presidential Instruction No.2/ Roundtable Meeting I & II in Joint Statement between METI and MEMR (both GOI and GOJ agree to develop coal to liquid and GOJ intends to donate PSU) Establishing a Working Group (Consortium and Technical Teams) Update F/S Mulia Coal - GOI and Indonesia private companies agree to participate for demo plant construction Preparation of Joint Development Agreement for CTL commercialization between Indonesia and Japan (no progress due to technology guarantee obstacle ) 2009 Proposed to Japanese Gov. for constructing PSU of 1 ton coal/day 15

16 COAL GASIFICATION

17 COAL GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES Tigar Texaco Shell Exhaust Air Char and Bed materials Lignite Type Operation Temp. Oxidizer Coal Feed Residue Air Steam Fluidized Entrained Entrained 800-1,000 >1,400 >1,500 Steam Oxygen Oxygen Coarse Slurry Powder Dry ash Slag Slag Fixed bed gasifier was excluded due difficulty to maintain permeability in the gasification of lignite

18 TIGAR GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGY MoU between ARDEMR, PT Pupuk Sriwijaya, Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd (IHI) and Sojitz Co. concerning Study on Integration of Lignite Gasifier into Fertilizer Plant (Oct. 18, 2006) Study on Integration of Lignite Gasifier into Fertilizer Plant using TIGAR (Twin IHI Gasifier) Technology has been carried out and the Final Report (Feasibility Study) completed in June 2007 The Final Report concluded that: - It was feasible to integrate lignite gasifier into existing fertilizer plant - To construct a prototype plant in PT Pupuk Kujang, Cikampek to obtain detail engineering and economic data The Draft of Cooperation Agreement on TIGAR Prototype Plant is being prepared, including: Utility list, Schedule of project, Scope of work for EPC and operation, project cost, and Commitment of contribution IHI will change/delay schedule of syngas commercialization for flexibility of site condition of commercial plant, ensuring quality & safety and understanding impact of lignite characteristics

19 ADVANTAGES OF TIGAR GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGY 1. Low Temperature Insensitive to content of coal moisture and ash or suitable for lignite 2. Employ Steam as Oxidizer 3. Coarse and dry coal feed 4. Separation between combustion and reduction Zone High Concentration of H2 suitable for ammonia plant Reduce Grinding Cost and high energy density Low Cost of CO2 Capture

20 SCHEDULE OF SYNGAS COMMERCIALIZATION t/d Pilot plan 50 t/d Prototype Plan Commercial Plant Testing Plant modification and Testing Design Procurement Modification and additional Operation Construction Operation Design & Construction TIGAR for fuel use Design & Construction TIGAR for Chemical use 2009/10/ /10/19

21 COAL WATER MIXTURE

22 CWM ACTIVITIES , CWM preparation using low rank coal and bituminous coal , CWM preparation and combustion test using bituminous coal 2003-now, CWM preparation and combustion test using upgraded coal by UBC process 2006-now, R&D of CWM joint cooperation with JGC (Japan) to develop HWT-cs 2008-now, study market on CWM utilization 22

23 Immediate Objectives To obtain an HWT-cs demonstration plant of 10,000 tons/year capacity to show the itself and CS combustion to candidate user in Indonesia. Long Term Objectives - To increase the value of Indonesian low rank coal - To prevent the secure and stability of energy supply - To substitute for fuel oil 23

24 CONCLUDING REMARKS Indonesia will more relying on coal to fulfill domestic energy demand. Indonesia is interested in developing clean coal technology for low rank coals utilization, some technologies (Coal upgrading, liquefaction, gasification and coal water mixture) now ready for commercialization.

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