Photo Sequencing. Tali Basha Yael Moses Shai Avidan
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1 Tali Basha Yael Moses Shai Avidan ECCV2012
2 Tel Aviv
3 The Input N images taken from different locations at different time steps
4 Random Order
5 Our Result
6 But Who Cares? Capturing the highlights of a dynamic event Analyzing/Visualizing the dynamic content using still images
7 Problem definition: Given N still images, determine their temporal order: t < t < t < t time N! possible permutations 15!~10 12
8 is Not Video Synchronization Photo Tourism Static 4D City Reconstruction years Inferring Temporal Order of Images From 3D Structure, Schindler at al., CVPR 2007
9 Assumptions Short time interval I 1 Reference Two images taken roughly from the same position I 2
10 Static & Dynamic Features Detect features & match to the reference Static Features Dynamic Features Epipolar Geometry Fundamental matrices w.r.t. the reference image ECCV 12 Temporal Order Provide the temporal information
11 Dynamic Features
12 Algorithm Outline Dynamic Features Detect & Match w.r.t the reference Partial Order from a Corresponding Dynamic Features I 6 <I 3 <I 1 I 7 <I 4 Based on Epipolar Geometry Aggregate Partial Orders I 3 <I 5 <I 7 <I 4 <I 1 <I 2 Rank Aggregation Solution
13 Order from a Single Feature Set Spatial order in 3D Temporal order P j (t 2 ) P j (t 4 ) P j (t 3 ) P j (t 1 ) j L ECCV 12 Time t 3 t 2 t 4 t 1
14 Order from a Single Feature Set Spatial order in 2D Temporal order P j (t P j (t 1 ) P j (t 4 ) P j (t 2 ) 3 ) j L ECCV 12 Time t 3 t 2 t 4 t 1
15 Order from a Single Feature Set Map all features to the reference image ECCV 12 Time t 3 t 2 t 4 t 1
16 Mapping to The Reference I 1 I k F p k i k (t k ) p i ( t 1 k ) p i ( t 1 1 ) p i ( 2 ) 1 t p i ( t k k ) Reference
17 Mapping to The Reference I 1 I k F p k i k (t k ) p i ( t 1 k ) p i ( t 1 1 ) p i ( 2 ) 1 t p i ( t k k ) Reference
18 Mapping to The Reference I 1 I k p i ( t k k ) Reference I 5 <I 4 <I 3 <I 1 < I 2
19 Mapping to The Reference I 1 I k Actual Path p i ( t k k ) Reference
20 Algorithm Outline Dynamic Features Detect & Match w.r.t the reference Partial Order from a Corresponding Dynamic Features I 6 <I 3 <I 1 I 7 <I 4 Based on Epipolar Geometry Aggregate Partial Orders I 3 <I 5 <I 7 <I 4 <I 1 <I 2 Rank Aggregation Solution
21 Order Representation Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
22 Order Representation Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
23 Order Representation Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
24 Order Representation Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
25 Order Representation Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
26 Order Representation Conflict! Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
27 Rank Aggregation Input: Possibly conflicting partial orders, {σ i } Goal: Compute a consensus full order, σ: Node 1 N D * σ argmin K(σ, σ σ i i ) Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
28 Rank Aggregation Rank Aggregation Methods for The Web, Dwork et al Markov Chain Approximation Node 1 N D * σ argmin K(σ, σ σ i i ) Web Applications Node 2 Node 3 Node 5 Node 4
29 Markov Chain W(i,j) = Pr{t(I i )<t(i j )} State 1 State 2 W(i,j) State 3 State 5 State 4
30 Markov Chain Initial State Random walk: start from a uniform distribution 1/5 State 1 1/5 State 2 State 3 1/5 State 5 State 4 1/5 1/5
31 Markov Chain Steady State Ends at the sink State 1 time St State 2 State 3 0 State 5 State 4 0 0
32 Markov Chain Initial State Remove the sink & repeat time 1/4 State 1 State 2 State 3 1/4 State 5 State 4 1/4 1/4
33 Markov Chain Steady State Ends at the sink time St. 5 St. 2 State 1 0 State 2 State 3 0 State 5 State 4 1 0
34 Results
35 Skateboard - Input 9 still images Note the different viewpoints and camera parameters
36 Skateboard - Input I 2 I 1
37 Skateboard - Input Here are the input images in a random order:
38 Skateboard - Results The aligned images ordered by our method The man is skating from left to right
39 Skateboard - Results The aligned images ordered by our method The man is skating from left to right
40 Skateboard - Results The aligned images ordered by our method The man is skating from left to right
41 Skateboard - Results The aligned images ordered by our method The man is skating from left to right
42 Skateboard - Results The aligned images ordered by our method The man is skating from left to right
43 Skateboard - Results The man is skating from left to right
44 Skateboard - Results The man is skating from left to right
45 Skateboard - Results The man is skating from left to right
46 Skateboard - Results The man is skating from left to right
47 Slide - Input
48 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
49 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
50 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
51 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
52 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
53 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
54 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
55 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
56 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
57 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
58 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
59 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
60 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
61 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
62 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
63 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
64 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
65 Slide - Results The aligned images ordered by our method
66 More Results - Beach
67 More Results - Beach I 1 I 2
68 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
69 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
70 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
71 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
72 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
73 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
74 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
75 Beach Results The aligned images ordered by our method
76 Conclusions & Future Work Geometry based solution Rank Aggregation Short Term Future work: Matching Relaxing the assumptions Scalability Long Term Future work: Can still images replace monocular videos?
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