R UNIT 3. Cabling Systems

Transcription

1 3 abling Systems

2 opics for this nit etwork opologies etwork pplications Horizontal and ackbone abling elecommunication and quipment ooms

3 etwork opologies he PHYS layout of a network combined with its O characteristics ypes of network topologies us ing Star Star us Mesh

4 us opology erminator ses oaxial able equires a terminator t dvantages aptop computer ood for small networks nexpensive to implement isadvantages High management costs esktop P asily congested Only one computer can send data at a time able failure downs entire network Maximum cable lengths erminator Server aser printer esktopp

5 ing opology Signals can travel in i t one direction only Single or ual ring dvantages over a bus asier to maintain more reliable isadvantages More expensive to implement ot used as widely Fewer options for equipment and expansion esktop P M S/400 aser printer oken-ring Server aptop computer

6 Star opology ses a central hub and individual cable segments dvantages ow startup costs asier to manage asy to expand Widely used so a variety of equipment available isadvantages Hub is a single point of failure equires more cable aser printer esktop P Server Hub M S/400 aptop computer

7 Star us etworks ombine logical communications of a bus with physical layout of a star dvantages Multiple hubs/switches can be connected for expansion Wide range of equipment available

8 Star-ing etwork ombine logical dvantages communications of a Provides better ring with physical performance with a layout of a star large number of users aser printer aser printer esktop P M S/400 Hub Server aptop computer ing esktop P M S/400 Hub Server aptop computer

9 Mesh etwork Fault tolerant method of connection providing at least two diverse communication paths for each device connected to the network Most expensive able fault tolerant evice fault tolerant aser printer esktop P Server M S/400 aptop computer

10 P or Fiber? lways prepare for future usage Fiber advantages Higher bandwidth dt etter security M onger distance Fiber isadvantages 10-15% 15% higher h cost over at 5e Hardware more expensive s security/bandwidth really needed

11 etwork rchitectures thernet oken ing F (Fiber istributed ata nterface) M 100Vnylan Wireless

12 thernet ypically implemented in bus or star topology ses the SM/ (arrier Sense Multiple ccess with ollision etection) - a contention based network communication access method used by ntel & lpha computers SM/ (arrier Sense Multiple ccess with ollision avoidance - contention based network communication access method used by pple computers abling oaxial nshielded twisted pair Fiber-optic cable Wireless

13 thernet Wiring 10ase-F thernet over fiber 1000 meters with two repeaters 10ase-F 2000 meters between two 10ase-F devices 10ase-F ackbone segment 2000 meters 10ase-FP Multiple P connections without repeaters 500 meter segments Single segment can link 33 computers

14 100 Mbps 100ase-X thernet Wiring equires at 5e or better cable and components ses 2 pairs only Maximum cable length 100 meters 100ase-4 pgrades at 3 to 100 Mbps ses all 4 pairs s more expensive ses at 5 or better components 100ase-Fx ses fiber optic cable Maximum segment length 400 meters nder 568- spec. length is 100 meters Minimum of two strands of MMF an use the S and S connectors

15 igabit thernet 1000 Mbps 1000 Mbps for Fiber Optics 1000ase - SX - Horizontal cabling using MMF for workstations 1000ase - X - backbone cabling using SMF or MMF 1000ase X- supports M type 1 cable to support interconnection of equipment clusters for up to 25 meters 1000ase thernet 802.3ab Specification quipment for at 5 not cost effective ses all 4 pairs of P ach pair is full duplex at MHz

16 onnections 10ase- 100ase-4

17 oken ing token is passed around the ring continuously n token ring, only the station holding the token is allowed to send data ll other stations must wait their turn Has an average 77% rate of throughput no matter how many workstations ti are on the network Provides for a fair allocation of resources among users

18 oken ing eveloped by M Free token circulates around ring usy token contains data for another node ses hybrid star technology with entral M 4 or 16 Mbps One node failure does not affect operation specification

19 oken ing sing SP Oi Original i cabling ater use was with M type 1 cabling ses a special connector that has no male or female components sing P ses a balun for impedance matching 150 ohms M cable matched to 100 ohm P cable

20 F Fault tolerant transmission method that uses dual concentric rings that transmit in opposite directions aser printer dvantages esktop P Server an send next frame before last has completed the ring an assign priority to workstations ktti M S/400 aptop computer

21 synchronous ransfer Mode M was designed with audio and video streaming in mind that require that packets arrive synchronized in real-time Packet switching network using packet of a 53 byte fixed length eaches data rates of Mbps. M protocol data unit (P) = cell M Switch ndstation nter-operates with other network types Works at layer 1, 2 &3 of the OS model M outer M Switch Public M etwork

22 Synchronous Optical etwork SO - a set of standards defining the rates and formats for optical networks specified in S 1.105, S and S SO is synchronous which allows the adding and/or dropping signals within single multiplexing process ses Optical carrier levels (O) as line specifications he range is from O-1 = Mbps to O-768= bps ach additional level is a multiple of O-1 O SO P P SO O SO

23 100V-ny V Voice rade ses at 3 cabling ses all 4 pairs of P Specification ever caught on xtinct now days due to other more efficient 100 Mbps protocols

24 etwork onnectivity evices epeaters, regenerators oost and filter signals operate at the physical layer id ridges and dayer 2 switches Operate at the ink layer ses micro- Segmentation which allows each port a dedicated bandwidth outers and ayer 3 switches llows transmission i between network segments Operate at the etwork layer Provide internet connectivity

25 Where o odes ome From? uilding, construction, and communications codes originate from a number of different sources. wo of the predominant national code players in the nited State Federal ommunications ommission (F) ational Fire Protection ti ssociation (FP) he mericans with isabilities ct () also affects the construction of cabling and communications facilities because it requires that facilities must be constructed to provide universal access.

26 odes and aws State level - issues their own rules governing cabling in public buildings ocal level issue their own codes for cabling devices Most localities adopt some version of the and write their own code

27 ational lectrical ode () hapter 1 eneral equirements hapter 2 Wiring and Protection hapter 3 Wiring i Methods and Materials hapter 5 Special Occupancy hapter 7 Special onditions hapter 8 ommunications Systems

28 elecommunications oom Physical Security - ocation should be secured by locks or pass card nvironmental ontrols - emperature, humidity, and fire controls Power requirements - dequate power as well as power backup Square Footage - More space, easier access, stable environment allow 1 square foot per workstation, 150ft2 min. xample, for 300 workstations, telecommunication room should be 300ft 2 minimum ighting - se low heat, diffusion based light throughout

29 esign and nstallation ssues ocations Maximum distance from wall plate to workstation is 5 meters Keep away from direct heat Vertical position 18 or 48 from subfloor Horizontal Position ocate all furniture annot be in same Stud cavity as power lines Wall plate mounting system Fixed or modular system

30 Wall Plates and onnectors

31 Horizontal & Vertical abling Patch cables (< 16 ft.) Horizontal cable (< 295 ft.) ncludes telecommunications and customer premises cables Work area cables (< 16 ft.)

32 KO he backbone cabling system provides interconnections between telecommunications rooms, equipment rooms, main terminal space, and entrance facilities. t includes backbone cables, intermediate t and main crossconnects, mechanical terminations, and patch cords or jumpers used for backbone-tobackbone crossconnections. he backbone also extends between buildings in a campus environment

33 Modular Jacks and Plugs Modular connectors come in several pin configurations ote: do not untwist 5 and 5e more than 0.5 inches and 6 more than inches.

34 Fixed Fixed or Modular System Jacks part of faceplate annot be changed umber of jacks ypes of jacks abeling

35 Modular onnectors eft to right, modular connectors an eight-contact 8P8 plug J45 six-contact J25 plug four-contact J14 plug (often also used instead of two-pin J11) a four-contact handset plug (also popularly called "J22", "J10", or "J9") J25 and J14 can be plugged into the same standard d six-pin i jack, pictured. n 8P8 modular plug. his is the common crimp type plug, of the same kind pictured above crimped onto a cable (with molded sleeve)

36 J able Specs

37 Fiber Optic onnectors S F S

38 nstalling Fiber Optic onnectors nstalled using a variety of techniques nsert fiber into connector Properly aligned Surface free of defects, scratches, cracks hree adhesive methods Heat-cured requires a small oven for a period of time V-cured uses a V light source naerobic-cured chemical reaction of two elements, epoxy rimp Style Manufacturer specific with special tools Fiber must be cleaved Fibers normally require polishing the ends

39 oken ing onnectors

40 F-onnector oaxial able onnectors sed on video connections ommon cable is -59, - 6 ttached by crimping or a cheaper screw on design -Series onnector Similar to the F-connector Has pin for the center conductor ommon cable is -8, J- 11 connector Has pin for the center conductor ommon cable is -58 /, -59, -62

41 Wall Plate ocations

42 Wall Plate Mounting System Outlet boxes pre construction ut-in plates emodeling, cut hole in drywall Surface mount outlet boxes annot run cable behind wall

43 Splitting a Horizontal able Makes four connections out of two

44 quipment acks

45 able aceways

46 able rays

47 Punchdown

48 ab 3 You will disconnect your computer from the school network se the cables you made last week to connect your P to the hub provides iscover your P address iscover another student s P address Put the school network back together est to make sure that it is working properly.