Recruiting Civil Engineers in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland

Transcription

1 Recruiting Civil Engineers in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland Demand for Civil Engineers in Calgary Civil Engineers have been identified as a high-demand occupation in Calgary, based on the Calgary Labour Demand Forecast In, there were nearly 4,000 civil engineers in the Calgary labour force. Demand for civil engineers is expected to increase to over 5,300 workers by 2020, an increase of over 1,300 workers. Calgary employers will likely face difficulties recruiting qualified workers for both newly-created jobs and existing positions that become vacant. During the global economic slowdown of , over half (51 per cent) of civil engineering employers in Calgary recruited civil engineers for vacant positions and nearly half of those who recruited (49 per cent) reported experiencing hiring difficulties. 2 The combination of growing demand and limited supply are likely to result in shortages of civil engineers in Calgary over the next decade. In order to meet the high demand for civil engineers, Calgary employers may need to access labour markets outside of Calgary, including international labour markets, to meet a portion of their hiring needs. To facilitate targeted recruiting efforts, Calgary Economic Development (CED) has created this guide to identify the best cities and regions for recruiting workers in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland. Top cities and regions for recruiting are recommended based on the size of the civil engineering labour force and the likelihood that workers will migrate out of the area. 3 Top Locations for Recruiting in Canada Toronto, Montréal, and Vancouver each have a labour force with over 3,000 civil engineers (over 9,000 in Toronto). International and inter-provincial migrants in Canada have a higherthan-average probability of making subsequent inter-provincial moves. Of the toprecommended cities, Toronto has a high percentage of immigrants in the civil engineer labour force and Vancouver has a high percentage of civil engineers who have made an inter-provincial or international move. 1 See Calgary Labour Demand Forecast See Alberta Wage and Salary Survey An out-migration probability index of workers is estimated based on a set of factors that are indicators of future migration. Factors include historical migration patterns, demographics of the occupational labour force, local economic conditions, median income, and the presence of foreign workers in the labour force. 1

2 For each census metropolitan area (CMA), an out-migration probability index score has been estimated that gives an indication of the likelihood that workers in a city will make a longdistance move out of that city. Civil engineers in St. John s have the highest out-migration probability index score among recommended cities, followed by workers in Halifax and Québec City. Despite high scores, these cities may not be the best locations for recruiting because St. John s and Halifax each have a relatively smaller labour force of civil engineers with 500 and 900 workers respectively and language differences may dissuade some workers in Québec City from considering career opportunities in Calgary. Average hourly pay for civil engineers in Calgary is higher than in most of the top-recommended cities in Canada, at $42.31 per hour in Civil engineers in Edmonton are paid the highest average wages among recommended cities, while workers in Hamilton earn the lowest hourly pay at $27.59 per hour. See Table 2 for additional wage information in the top recommended cities. Table 1 Recruiting Indicators for Civil Engineers in Canada, by CMA Rank Census Metro Area Employment () 5 Average Wage Per Hour Emigration Probability Index Under Age 35 () Percent of Occupational Labour Force International or Non- Immigrants Inter-Provincial Permanent to Canada Migrants Residents (5 Year Period) (2006) 1 Toronto 9, % 14% 12% 1% 2 Montréal 6,347 n.a % 9% 6% 1% 3 Vancouver 3, % 19% 9% 2% 4 Québec 2,112 n.a % 4% 1% 1% 5 Edmonton 2, % 16% 7% 1% 6 Ottawa 1, % 13% 7% 0% 7 Halifax % 15% 5% 0% 8 St. John's, NL 496 n.a % 6% 2% 0% 9 Winnipeg 1,122 n.a % 11% 1% 5% 10 Hamilton % 8% 9% 0% Calgary 3, % 24% 11% 2% Note: Data is measured for Census Metropolitan Areas unless otherwise noted. Figures for Calgary may differ from information presented earlier in this report describing labour demand for the Calgary Economic Region. Sources: Labour Force Survey, 2006 Census of Canada, RDA Global, Labour Market Information - HRSDC WorkingInCanada.gc.ca 4 Source: 2009 Alberta Wage and Salary Survey. Wage information in Table 1 is from HRSDC. 5 Figures for employment in Calgary are for the Calgary Economic Region. Figures for other cities are for the census metropolitan area (CMA) 6 International and inter-provincial migration statistics are analyzed based on data collected in the 2001 and 2006 Census. The data required to analyze this migration pattern for the most recent 5 year period is not available at the time of this analysis. 2

3 Table 2 Wages for Civil Engineers in Canada, by CMA Provincial Wages Recent Wage Range (CAD) or Salary, Census Metro Area Average Reference Low Wage High Wage Average Wage Year Toronto * 69,422 78,026 Montréal n.a. n.a. n.a. 70,424 75,609 Vancouver * 71,372 78,284 Québec n.a. n.a. n.a. 70,424 75,609 Edmonton ,503 94,620 Ottawa ,422 78,026 Halifax ,052 72,417 St. John's, NL n.a. n.a. n.a. 67,603 71,228 Winnipeg n.a. n.a. n.a. 67,564 72,233 Hamilton ,422 78,026 Calgary ,333 87,778 Note: Data is measured for Census Metropolitan Areas unless otherwise noted. *Wage data reflects provincial average. Sources: 2006 Census, Labour Market Information - HRSDC WorkingInCanada.gc.ca Top Locations for Recruiting in the United States In the United States, the occupation most closely aligned with is: SOC : Civil Engineers. Out-migration of civil engineers has historically been high from Phoenix and Denver and these cities have the highest out-migration probability index score among the top-recommended US cities. 8 Phoenix and Denver have a labour force of 3,000 civil engineers and 3,800 civil engineers respectively. They earn average annual incomes that are similar to that of civil engineers in Calgary. Dallas and Atlanta each have a labour force of about 3,800 civil engineers and these workers are younger than average (younger workers have a higher probability of making a long-distance move). The average annual salaries for civil engineers in Dallas and Atlanta are lower than that of Calgary. Civil engineers in Dallas and Atlanta earned an average annual salary of USD 7 Calgary median annual salary is calculated based on average hours worked per week and median hourly wage rate reported in the 2009 Alberta Wage and Salary Survey. The average annual salary is the actual figure from the survey. figures for other cities in Table 2 are from HRSDC. 8 The out-migration probability index in the US is based on analysis of data from the American Community Survey (ACS) which is the largest survey of workers in the United States and measures characteristics of workers as well as their migration history. 3

4 $76,740 and USD $74,420 respectively in, compared to a 2009 average annual base pay of CAD $88,000 for civil engineers in Calgary. Los Angeles (L.A.) and Houston are some of the largest markets for civil engineers and each city has a labour force that exceeds 10,000 workers. Both cities have an above-average percentage of non-us citizen civil engineers which have a higher-than-average probability of making a longdistance relocation. L.A. had an unemployment rate of 10.7 per cent in September-November 2011, which may push some families and workers to seek work outside of the L.A. area. Calgary employers should note that civil engineers in the three largest recommended US markets (L.A., Houston and Washington DC) have higher mean base pay than do workers in Calgary. The top 10 cities listed in Table 3 are recommended for recruiting, provided that Alberta employers are able to meet workers salary expectations. See Table 4 for additional wage information in the top-recommended cities. Table 3 Out-Migration Indicators of Civil Engineers in Top 10 US Cities, Rank Metro Area Number of Pct. of who are Non-US Citizens Age Pct. Of Under Age 35 Out- Migration Probability Index* Unemployment Rate 1 Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 11,460 9% 45 25% Houston-Brazoria, TX 10,070 15% 47 25% Washington, DC/MD/VA 8,120 10% 45 27% Seattle-Everett, WA 5,940 7% 45 28% San Francisco-Oakland-Vallejo, CA 7,100 9% 46 25% Denver-Boulder, CO 4,400 2% 44 32% Dallas-Fort Worth, TX 3,760 8% 43 33% Atlanta, GA 3,850 8% 43 33% Phoenix, AZ 2,980 4% 44 32% Chicago, IL 4,290 7% 45 29% United States 249,120 6% 45 28% *The Out-Migration Probability Index gives an indication of the number of workers in the target occupation in each metropolitan area that have made an interregional move in the past 5 years. The index also reflects factors that may affect worker migration, such as historical migration patterns, demographics of the occupational labour force, local economic conditions, median income, and the presence of foreign workers in the labour force. US Average Out-Migration Probability = 100 (for all US workers in all occupations). 4

5 Table 4 Wages of Civil Engineers in Top Ranked Cities for Recruiting in the United States, Metropolitan Statistical Area Hourly Wage** (USD) Salary** (USD) Lower 10% Salary by Quartile (USD) Lower 25% Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 11, ,370 60,780 72,440 89, , ,210 Houston-Brazoria, TX 10, ,620 54,500 68,550 91, ,540 n.a. Washington, DC/MD/VA 8, ,690 52,400 65,380 86, , ,870 Seattle-Everett, WA 5, ,970 56,870 64,260 78,290 95, ,310 San Francisco-Oakland-Vallejo, CA 7, ,030 62,290 76,060 96, , ,970 Denver-Boulder, CO 4, ,180 51,320 62,000 80,840 98, ,380 Dallas-Fort Worth, TX 3, ,740 50,510 58,910 72,150 92, ,800 Atlanta, GA 3, ,420 48,330 57,890 69,000 88, ,550 Phoenix, AZ 2, ,570 55,900 67,160 83, , ,770 Chicago, IL 4, ,860 48,370 61,580 75,570 94, ,460 United States 249, ,280 50,560 61,590 77,560 97, ,320 Calgary (in $ CAD) 3,965 $42.31 $87,778 n.a. **Source for Calgary wage and salary figures is the 2009 Alberta Wage and Salary Survey. Results are updated every 2 years. At the time of this analysis 2011 figures were not yet published. US Data Sources: Bureau of Labour Statistics Occupational Employment Database, American Community Survey, US Census. Analysis by RDA Global. Top Locations for Recruiting in the United Kingdom and Ireland Upper 25% In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the occupation most closely related to civil engineers is: UK/IE SOC 2121 Civil Engineers In, there were approximately 92,000 civil engineers in the UK labour force and approximately 6,500 civil engineers in the Irish Labour Force. Average annual income for civil engineers in the UK was about 37,000 in (approximately CAD $59,000). Official data on wages of civil engineers in Ireland is not available from government sources, but income figures presented in Table 5 are sourced from Irish-based global professional recruitment consultancy, Morgan McKinley s 2011 Salary Guide for Irish Occupations. 9 According to the salary guide, Irish civil engineers are paid between 22,000 and 37,000 per year (approximately CAD $30,000 to $51,000). In the UK, the top regions for recruiting are London, the surrounding South East Region (including Greater London, Brighton, Oxford, Portsmouth, and Southampton) and Scotland (major cities include Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Aberdeen). The highest level of historical outmigration is from the London Region and London also has the greatest number of non-british citizens in the labour force. Upper 10% 9 The Salary Guide is available online at: 5

6 Foreign workers represent a growing share of people migrating out of the UK; as of, non- British citizens represented 65 per cent of long-term migrants leaving the UK, up from 43 per cent in As of November, 2011, Ireland had one of the highest levels of unemployment in the European Union at 14.6 per cent. Construction activity in Ireland has declined sharply during the recession and employment in the construction sector has declined by 60 per cent since June 2008 (a reduction of 164,200 construction industry workers between June 2008 and June 2011). Officials at Engineers Ireland (the national regulatory body for engineers in Ireland) reported in interviews in September 2011 that a high percentage of civil engineers in Ireland remained unemployed. Historically, civil engineers in Ireland have not had a higher-thanaverage rate of migration but current economic conditions in Ireland may push some workers to seek work abroad. Table 6 contains information on the size and characteristics of the UK labour force for civil engineers. Regional data is not available on the Irish labour force but a national recruiting strategy in Ireland can be effective, due to the small geographic size of the country. Dublin and Cork are the largest cities in Ireland and recruiting activities can be focused in either location. Foreign Credential Recognition When recruiting civil engineers in the UK and Ireland, Alberta employers are advised to consult The Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists, and Geophysicists of Alberta (APEGGA) to determine which workers are most likely to meet the requirements for licensure in Alberta. Information on foreign credential recognition for civil engineers in the UK and Ireland is available from the Alberta Department of Human Services at: Table 5 Salary Range for Civil Engineers in Ireland, 2011 Location, Range Civil Engineer, Ireland 2011 Euro $ CAD Civil Engineer, Calgary 2009 Regions, Low 22,000 $ 30,000 $87,778 Dublin, High 37,000 $ 51,000 Sources: Morgan McKinley s 2011 Salary Guide: Alberta Wage and Salary Survey, Calgary Economic Region. Average month-end annual exchange rate: 1=$ CAD. 10 Source: United Kingdom International Passenger Survey (IPS); Estimates of long-term international migration, rolling annual data to Q4. 6

7 Table 6 Recruiting Indicators for Civil Engineers - UK and Ireland, Rank Region/ Country Major Cities Number of Percentage of who are Non- National Citizens Percentage of who are Non-EU Citizens Age* Pct. Of Under Age 35 Out- Migration Probability Index** 1 London Greater London 12,000 27% 16% % ,370 $56,269 38,776 $61,688 2 South East Brighton, Oxford, Portsmouth, 14,000 5% 3% 47 20% ,278 65,668 42,210 67,151 Southampton 3 Scotland Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen 12,000 15% 5% 38 39% ,534 54,939 37,900 60,294 4 West Birmingham, Midlands Coventry 7,000 14% 12% 39 31% ,781 56,923 35,386 56,295 5 Nottingham-Derby, East Leicester, Midlands Northampton 7,000 8% 3% 42 30% 104 n.a. n.a. 35,522 56,511 Bristol, 6 South West Bournemouth, Plymouth 9,000 3% 3% 46 17% ,933 50,801 34,875 55,482 7 Yorkshire & Humberside 8 North West 9 Eastern Leeds, Sheffield, Bradford, Wakefield, Hull Manchester, Liverpool, Preston, Blackpool Greater London, Cambridge, Norwich, Peterborough, Ipswich (GBP) (CAD) (GBP) (CAD) 7,000 4% 2% 38 44% ,151 51,148 33,009 52,513 7,000 15% 5% 45 20% ,883 49,131 35,434 56,371 7,000 6% 0% 45 19% ,166 57,535 40,108 63, Wales Cardiff, Swansea 5,000 7% 0% 44 20% ,880 58,671 38,944 61,955 Total UK 92,000 11% 5% 43 27% ,894 $55,512 37,208 $59,193 Total Ireland 6,500 5% n.a % 100 See Table 5 Calgary 3,965 31% n.a. $87,778 *British data source reports median age figures, while Irish and US data sources report mean age figures. ** Out-Migration index scores for the UK are not directly comparable with those of cities in the US or Ireland. Sources: Quarterly British Labour Force Survey, Survey of Hours and Earnings (UK, ), Central Statistics Office Ireland (), Analysis by RDA Global. 7