Z Vehicular requirements for manufactured homes

Transcription

1 Z Vehicular requirements for manufactured homes Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 1

2 Z Vehicular requirements for manufactured homes 1 Scope While not marked as such, all provisions are deleted. 1.1 This Standard specifies minimum vehicular requirements for manufactured homes and covers couplings, tongues, A-frames, and limited-use or returnable running gear (see also Clause 5.1). 1.2 This Standard does not apply to manufactured homes transported on dollies or flat-decks. 1.3 In CSA Standards, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and can is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application. 2 Reference publications This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the edition listed below, including all amendments published thereto. CSA (Canadian Standards Association) CAN3-D313-M85 (R2007) Trailer running gear SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers) J1128 (2005) Low Voltage Primary Cable 3 Definitions In addition to the definitions specified in CSA Z , the following definitions shall apply in this Standard: A-frame see Tongue or A-frame. Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 2

3 Breaking load the load imposed on a coupling, tongue, or A-frame and its attachments that causes initial damage to any part of the coupling, tongue, or A-frame such that its function or safety is impaired. Note: In the case of a tongue or A-frame and its attachments to the chassis, the results of the load may be determined analytically. Certification body a nationally recognized testing and inspection agency acceptable to the applicable regulatory authority. Coupling that part of a connecting mechanism by which the connection is actually made to the towing vehicle. Dolly a running gear assembly that is fitted to a subframe designed for transporting manufactured homes. Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) the tare mass in kilograms of the manufactured home unit as it leaves the manufacturer s factory plus the manufacturer s specific load allowance to account for equipment that can be carried (measured at the hitch and tire-road interface). Running gear the complete running gear assembly, including all of the components between the tire-road interface and the frame of the towed vehicle. Limited-use running gear a running gear assembly used primarily for delivery of a manufactured home from the place of construction to the dwelling site, and for the occasional relocation of that home. A permanent marking identifies it as limited-use running gear. Returnable running gear a running gear assembly that can be used on more than one manufactured home following necessary inspection and refurbishing by the manufacturer of the home. Tongue or A-frame a structure connecting a coupling to the frame of a manufactured home. 4 Couplings, tongues, and A-frames 4.1 Couplings General Couplings shall be of a type designed for the size of the loads being carried Disengagement prevention A ball or pindle coupling shall be equipped with a manually operated mechanism to prevent disengagement of the coupling while in operation Strength Under test, a ball or pindle coupling shall be of sufficient strength to withstand the following loads, in kilonewtons, without breaking or permanent distortion: (a) longitudinal: GVWR; and (b) vertical and transverse: GVWR. The test loads shall be applied singly by a suitable testing machine in the directions shown in Figure 2. Note: Figure 2 also shows typical test fixtures. Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 3

4 4.1.4 Marking A ball or pindle coupling shall be permanently marked with the manufacturer s identification and its maximum GVWR and vertical tongue load capacities. The marking shall be in a location visible after installation. 4.2 Tongue or A-frame Dimensions The shortest tongue or A-frame length shall be sufficient to allow a 1200 mm rod pivoted in a horizontal plane about any point on a line running vertically through the centre of the coupling, as shown in Figure 1, to make an angle of 41 or less ( ) with the centreline of the unit before the end of the rod comes in contact with any part of the front of the unit. It shall be possible to meet this requirement at any height up to 1200 mm above ground level. The shortest tongue or A-frame length shall be determined with the manufactured home resting on a smooth, level surface Tongue load The vertical tongue load of a manufactured home, as measured at the coupling, shall be 12% to 25% of the GVWR Strength The tongue or A-frame shall be of sufficient strength to withstand the breaking loads specified in Clause without breaking or permanent distortion. Satisfaction of this requirement shall be determined through an appropriate engineering analysis or by testing (in a manner acceptable to the certification body) designed to simulate actual conditions. 4.3 Attachment The coupling and tongue or A-frame shall be attached to its adjacent members by bolting, welding, or riveting in a manner that allows the minimum breaking load to be transferred without permanent distortion to or breaking of any part. Satisfaction of this requirement shall be determined through an appropriate engineering analysis or by testing (in a manner acceptable to the certification body) designed to simulate actual conditions. 5 Running gear 5.1 General Running gear shall meet the requirements of CSA CAN3-D313 and Clauses 5.2 to 5.8. However, where provincial or territorial running gear regulations conflict with this Standard, the regulations shall prevail. 5.2 Tire load When loaded to its GVWR and centre of gravity position in accordance with Clause 4.2.2, a manufactured home shall impose a load on each tire not exceeding the loads allowed by the tire and rim requirements of CSA CAN3-D Brakes A manufactured home shall be equipped with service brakes arranged symmetrically on each axle of the trailer. However, on manufactured homes with more than two axles, one axle need not be braked if the complete running gear meets the performance requirements of CSA CAN3-D313. Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 4

5 5.4 Breakaway device Manufactured homes shall be equipped with service brakes that are automatically actuated on breakaway from the towing vehicle. Manufactured homes shall be equipped with a breakaway device or provide for ready electrical connection of a breakaway device to the brake wiring. 5.5 Hydraulic brakes Hydraulic service brakes shall be designed so that there is no loss of hydraulic fluid on breakaway of the manufactured home from the towing vehicle. 5.6 Electric brakes When electrically operated brakes are used, they shall be designed to be activated by a power source equivalent to or less than that provided by a 12 V automobile battery. Brakes shall be wired in one of the configurations shown in Figure 3. Where the wiring is as shown in Figure 3(a), a minimum of No. 14 AWG gauge wiring shall be used. Where the wiring is as shown in Figure 3(b), the wire shall be stranded and meet the requirements of Table 1. Wiring shall comply with SAE J1128 and adhere to the following colour code: (a) ground: white; and (b) electric brakes: blue. Table 1 Wire requirements for Figure 3(b) (See Clause 5.6.) Number of braked axles AWG Wiring for vehicular lighting If wiring is provided for vehicular lighting, it shall adhere to the following colour code: (a)tail and running lamps: green; (b) common ground (when white is used for brake ground): yellow; Note: In some cases electric brakes use the common ground if the nominal potential of the energy source for the electrical system is 12 V or more. In such cases the common ground will be the white wire. If the electric braking system uses a separate ground, it will be the white wire, and the common ground will be the yellow wire. In units that do not have electric braking systems, the common ground is the white wire. (c) charging circuit or auxiliary or stop lamps: black; (d) right turn signal and stop lamp: brown; and (e) left turn signal and stop lamp: red. 5.8 Preshipment testing General Each production unit shall be checked before shipment in accordance with Clauses and Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 5

6 5.8.2 Brake adjustment The brake on each wheel shall be checked for adjustment in accordance with the brake manufacturer s recommendations Electrical current12 When the brake system is connected to a power source of the correct voltage and of a capacity sufficient to maintain the rated voltage under test load, the initial current draw from the power source through the braking system shall equal 10% of the rated current draw of an individual magnet multiplied by the number of magnets employed on the brake system. Note: Figure 4 is a suggested wiring diagram of a brake solenoid and wiring tester capable of conducting the test specified in this Clause. In the absence of manufacturer s data, it may also be used to check the current draw of an individual magnet. Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 6

7 Figure 1 Shortest allowable tongue or A-frame (See Clause ) Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 7

8 Note: Test fixture bars shall be solid and fit snugly inside housing channels. Figure 2 Ball or pindle coupling test loads and fixtures (See Clause ) Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 8

9 Notes: (1) In diagram (a), the length between the wire from the connector and individual wires to each axle should be as close to the connector as practical. (2) One of the three or four axles may be left unbraked (see Clause 5.3). Figure 3 Brake wiring diagram (See Clause 5.6 and Table 1.) Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 9

10 Figure 4 Brake solenoid and wiring tester (See Clause ) Draft Version 3, 20 Nov 2012 for TC Members Use Only 10