APPENDIX 3E NORMAL RANGE CALCULATIONS, SEASONAL KENDALL TEST RESULTS, AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS

Transcription

1 APPENDIX 3E NORMAL RANGE CALCULATIONS, SEASONAL KENDALL TEST RESULTS, AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS

2 Snap Lake Mine 3E-i May 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3E.1 RESULTS FROM TEMPORAL TREND ANALYSIS E.1.1 Conductivity Correlation Test E.1.2 Normal Range Calculations E Normal Range for an Individual Measurement E Normal Range for the Mean of a Sample Size of m E Detection Limits E Method Limitations and Uncertainties E.1.3 Seasonal Kendall Test E.1.4 Temporal Plots E.1.5 References LIST OF TABLES Table 3E-1 Rationale for Removing Outliers for Correlation Test with Laboratory Conductivity...2 Table 3E-2 Results of Pearson Correlation with Laboratory Conductivity, 2004 to Table 3E-3 Snap Lake Normal Ranges...8 Table 3E-4 Summary of Temporal Trends for Selected Parameters and Stations Using the Seasonal Kendall Test LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3E-1 Total Dissolved Solids (Calculated) Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-2 Laboratory ph in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-3 Field ph in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-4 Laboratory Conductivity in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-5 Turbidity in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-6 Bicarbonate Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-7 Calcium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-8 Chloride Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-9 Fluoride Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-10 Hardness Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-11 Magnesium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-12 Potassium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-13 Reactive Silica Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-14 Sodium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-15 Sulphate Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to

3 Snap Lake Mine 3E-ii May 2015 Figure 3E-16 Total Alkalinity Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-17 Total Phosphorus Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-18 Dissolved Phosphorus Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Figure 3E-19 Lake 13, 2004 to Total Organic Phosphorus Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-20 Nitrate Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-21 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-22 Nitrite Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-23 Total Ammonia Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-24 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-25 Total Nitrogen Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-26 Total Organic Carbon Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-27 Total Aluminum Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-28 Total Antimony Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-29 Total Arsenic Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-30 Total Barium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-31 Total Beryllium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-32 Total Bismuth Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-33 Total Boron Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-34 Total Cadmium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-35 Total Cesium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-36 Total Chromium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-37 Total Cobalt Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-38 Total Copper Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-39 Total Iron Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-40 Total Lead Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-41 Total Lithium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-42 Total Manganese Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to

4 Snap Lake Mine 3E-iii May 2015 Figure 3E-43 Total Mercury Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-44 Total Molybdenum Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-45 Total Nickel Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-46 Total Rubidium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-47 Total Selenium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-48 Total Silver Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-49 Total Strontium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-50 Total Thallium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-51 Total Titanium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-52 Total Uranium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-53 Total Vanadium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to Figure 3E-54 Total Zinc Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to

5 Snap Lake Mine 3E-iv May 2015 LIST OF ACRONYMS AEMP Aquatic Effects Monitoring Program AHPA American Public Health Association AITF Alberta Innovates Technology Futures laboratory ALS ALS Canada Ltd. CCMS collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry DL detection limit Flett Flett Research Ltd GFAAS graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry HGAAS hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry ICP-MS ultra-low inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ICP-OES inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry LK-13 Lake 13 NEL Northeast Lake P probability SD Standard deviation SNP Surveillance Netw ork Program LIST OF ELEMENTS BTEX benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes CaCO 3 calcium carbonate CO 3 carbonate E. coli Escherichia coli F1 F1 hydrocarbon fractions (C 6-C 10) F2 F2 hydrocarbon fractions (>C 10-C 16) HCO 3 bicarbonate Hg mercury m&p-xylene meta and para Xylene N nitrogen o-xylene ortho-xylene P phosphorus SiO 2 silicate

6 Snap Lake Mine 3E-v May 2015 UNITS OF MEASURE > greater than < less than ± plus or minus a increasing trend a decreasing trend % percent NTU nephelometric turbidity units µs/cm microsiemens per centimetre µg/l micrograms per litre mg/l milligrams per litre mg-n/l milligrams as nitrogen per litre mg-p/l milligrams as phosphorus per litre

7 Snap Lake Mine 3E-1 May E.1 RESULTS FROM TEMPORAL TREND ANALYSIS This appendix includes additional details regarding statistical tests completed for the temporal assessment (Key Question 3, Section 3.4.4) and figures and tables referenced in Section The appendix is organized in four sections: outliers removed for and results of the conductivity correlation testing (3E1.1); detailed description of the normal range calculations (3E1.2); Seasonal Kendall test results (3E1.3); and, temporal plots from Snap Lake and reference lakes (3E1.4) 3E.1.1 Conductivity Correlation Test All parameters were tested for correlation with laboratory conductivity. Outliers were removed from the correlation test, because the data were well above all other lake results or because the data were analyzed at a high detection limit (DL) (Table 3E-1). The results of the conductivity correlation test are presented in Table 3E-2.

8 Snap Lake Mine 3E-2 May 2015 Table 3E-1 Rationale for Removing Outliers for Correlation Test with Laboratory Conductivity Parameter Units Results Removed Sample Control Number Rationale Benzene mg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Benzene mg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Antimony µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Boron µg/l < High detection limit Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus mg-p/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus mg-p/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Iron µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Manganese µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Manganese µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Manganese µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Organic Phosphorus mg-p/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Organic Phosphorus mg-p/l Result w ell above all other lake results Dissolved Titanium µg/l < High detection limit Dissolved Titanium µg/l < High detection limit Dissolved Titanium µg/l < High detection limit Dissolved Vanadium µg/l < High detection limit Dissolved Vanadium µg/l < High detection limit Toluene mg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Aluminum µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Aluminum µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Aluminum µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Antimony µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Antimony µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Arsenic, HGAAS µg/l < High detection limit Total Dissolved Phosphorus mg-p/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Lead µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Lithium µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Manganese µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Manganese µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Manganese µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Organic Carbon mg/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Phosphorus mg-p/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Phosphorus mg-p/l Result w ell above all other lake results Total Titanium µg/l Result w ell above all other lake results mg/l = milligrams per litre; µg/l = micrograms per litre; mg-p/l = milligrams as phosphorus per litre; <= less than; HGAAS = hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry.

9 Snap Lake Mine 3E-3 May 2015 Table 3E-2 Results of Pearson Correlation with Laboratory Conductivity, 2004 to 2014 Parameter Pearson Correlation Coefficient (a) Pairs of Results Critical Pearson Value for P-value = Conventional Parameters Field ph Laboratory ph , True Colour Total Dissolved Solids, Measured , Total Dissolved Solids, Calculated , Total Suspended Solids , Turbidity , Major Ions Bicarbonate, as HCO , Calcium , Carbonate, CO 3 Not Tested 1,419 - Chloride , Fluoride , Hardness, as CaCO , Hydroxide Not Tested Magnesium , Potassium , Reactive Silica, as SiO , Sodium , Sulphate , Total Alkalinity, as CaCO , Nutrients and Biological Indicators Chemical Oxygen Demand Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus , Dissolved Organic Carbon Dissolved Organic Phosphorus, Calculated , Dissolved Phosphorus , Nitrate, as N, calc'd , Nitrate/Nitrite, as N , Nitrite, as N , Total Ammonia, as N , Total Inorganic Phosphorus , Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen , Total Nitrogen , Total Organic Carbon , Total Organic Phosphorus, Calculated , Total Phosphorus , ortho-phosphate, as P , Total Metals and Metalloids Aluminum , Antimony Arsenic, CCMS Arsenic, Hydride Barium , Beryllium Not Tested 1,173 - Bismuth Not Tested 1,174 - Boron , Cadmium, CCMS Cadmium (AITF) Cesium Not Tested 1,171 -

10 Snap Lake Mine 3E-4 May 2015 Table 3E-2 Results of Pearson Correlation with Laboratory Conductivity, 2004 to 2014 Parameter Pearson Correlation Coefficient (a) Pairs of Results Critical Pearson Value for P-value = Chromium, CCMS Chromium, GF-AA Cobalt , Copper , Iron , Lead , Lithium , Manganese , Mercury , Mercury (Flett) Methyl Mercury, as Hg Molybdenum , Nickel , Rubidium , Selenium Selenium, Hydride Silver Not Tested 1,168 - Silver (AITF) Strontium , Thallium Not Tested 1, Tin Titanium , Uranium , Vanadium, CCMS Vanadium, ICP-OES Not Tested Zinc , Zirconium Not Tested 2 - Hexavalent Chromium , Trivalent Chromium Not Tested 73 - Dissolved Metals and Metalloids Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Arsenic, Hydride Barium Beryllium Not Tested Bismuth Not Tested Boron Cadmium Cesium Not Tested Chromium Chromium, GF-AA Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Nickel

11 Snap Lake Mine 3E-5 May 2015 Table 3E-2 Results of Pearson Correlation with Laboratory Conductivity, 2004 to 2014 Parameter Pearson Correlation Coefficient (a) Pairs of Results Critical Pearson Value for P-value = Rubidium Selenium Selenium, Hydride Silver Not Tested Strontium Thallium Tin Not Tested 9 - Titanium Uranium Vanadium Vanadium, ICP-OES Not Tested Zinc Zirconium Not Tested 3 - General Organics F2 (>C 10-C 16) Not Tested Oil & Grease Phenols Not Tested 9 - Total Extractable Hydrocarbons (C 6-C 10) Total Extractable Hydrocarbons (>C 10-C 16) Total Extractable Hydrocarbons (C 11-C 30) Volatile Organics BTEX, Calculated Benzene Not Tested Ethylbenzene Not Tested F1 (C 6-C 10) Not Tested F- BTEX Not Tested Total Volatile Hydrocarbons (C 5-C 10) Not Tested Toluene Not Tested Xylene m&p-xylene o-xylene Not Tested Microbiological Indicators E. coli E. coli Fecal Coliform Not Tested 7 - Total Coliforms a) Significant Pearson correlation coefficients (P-value <0.001) are show n in Bold. AITF = Alberta Innovates Technology Futures laboratory; Flett = Flett Research Ltd.; CCMS = collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; GFAAS = graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; HGAAS = hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry; ICP-OES = inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry; BTEX = benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes; CaCO 3 = calcium carbonate; CO 3 = carbonate; E. coli = Escherichia coli; F1 = F1 hydrocarbon fractions (C 6-C 10); F2 = F2 hydrocarbon fractions (>C 10-C 16); HCO 3 = bicarbonate; Hg = mercury; m&p-xylene = meta and para Xylene; o-xylene = ortho-xylene; N = nitrogen; P = phosphorus; SiO 2 = silicate; >= greater than; - = not applicable; Not Tested = Pearson test w as not completed for this parameter because at least 99% of the results w ere the same value.

12 Snap Lake Mine 3E-6 May E.1.2 Normal Range Calculations The methods for defining the normal range for the water quality component of the Aquatic Effects Monitoring Program (AEMP) follow the methods of Barrett et al. (2015) and are consistent with the methods used for defining the normal ranges for other AEMP components (i.e., sediment, plankton, and benthic invertebrates). The normal range for an individual measurement is defined as the range that captures approximately 95 percent (%) of reference measurements (i.e., baseline data) (Kilgour et al. 1998). When a data distribution is approximately normal and the sample size is large (i.e., greater than [>] 30 measurements), 95% of measurements are captured by the mean plus or minus (±) 2 standard deviations (SD). The Snap Lake baseline data frequently did not meet the assumption of normality; therefore, the mean ± 2 SD did not capture 95% of the baseline data and an alternative method was required. A normal range was defined for: an individual measurement; and, the mean of a sample size of m. Where: m = the number of samples used to calculate the mean The normal range for an individual measurement was used for comparisons of parameter concentrations measured at a single station. The normal range for the mean of a sample size of m was used for comparisons of the whole-lake average concentrations measured in the main basin of Snap Lake. The normal ranges for the mean are dependent on the number (m) of samples collected. The normal range was calculated for each parameter using baseline data collected spatially across Snap Lake between 1998 and To increase the robustness of the dataset used to calculate the normal range, data from stations within Snap Lake where laboratory specific conductivity was less than (<) 40 microsiemens per centimetre (μs/cm), which is indicative of no to minimal exposure to treated effluent, between 2004 and 2006 were also included. The normal ranges can therefore be interpreted as a normal range of spatial (within Snap Lake) and temporal variability in the water quality for Snap Lake. Individual concentrations or a mean concentration outside of the respective normal range indicates there has been a change outside of the range of natural variability for Snap Lake. 3E Normal Range for an Individual Measurement The baseline dataset for each analyte was tested for normality. When the distribution was significantly different from a normal distribution, which was the case for all parameters, (probability [P]-value <0.1= 0.1; Anderson-Darling test [Anderson and Darling 1954]), the normal range for an individual measurement y was estimated using the 2.5 th and 97.5 th percentiles of the baseline dataset (Barrett et al. 2015).

13 Snap Lake Mine 3E-7 May E Normal Range for the Mean of a Sample Size of m The baseline dataset distribution was significantly different from a normal distribution; therefore, the normal range for the mean of m samples was estimated using a re-sampling method (Barrett et al. 2015). Ten thousand samples of size m were randomly selected from the baseline dataset. The means of these 10,000 samples were used to represent the distribution of possible values for the mean of a sample of size m drawn from the baseline dataset. The distributions of the 10,000 means were significantly different from a normal distribution (P-value <0.1; Anderson-Darling test [Anderson and Darling 1954]), and the normal range for the mean was then defined using the 2.5 th and 97.5 th percentiles of the distribution of the 10,000 means from the resampling. The normal range for the Snap Lake whole-lake average was calculated using an m equal to ten. 3E Detection Limits The baseline dataset used to calculate the normal ranges contained samples that were analyzed with multiple DLs and multiple sample results that were reported less than the DL. In order to include these sample results in the normal range calculations concentrations that were reported as less than the DL were: substituted with half the DL when at least 50% of concentrations were below the DL; or, removed from the dataset when the DL was greater than the maximum observed detected concentration. If the upper bound of a normal range was a concentration below the DL, the upper bound was set to the DL. If the lower bound of the normal range was below the minimum DL, the lower bound was set to less than the minimum DL in the baseline dataset for that parameter. Snap Lake normal ranges are presented in Table 3E-3.

14 Snap Lake Mine 3E-8 May 2015 Table 3E-3 Snap Lake Normal Ranges Parameter Units Snap Lake Normal Range Individual Measurement Whole-Lake Average (a) Lower Bound Upper Bound Lower Bound Upper Bound Field Parameters ph unitless Conventional Parameters Laboratory ph unitless Laboratory Specific Conductivity µs/cm Total Dissolved Solids, calculated (Lab) (b) mg/l Turbidity NTU Major Ions Bicarbonate, as HCO 3 mg/l Calcium mg/l Carbonate, as CO 3 mg/l <5 5 <5 5 Chloride mg/l < Fluoride mg/l < < Hardness, as CaCO 3 mg/l Magnesium mg/l Potassium mg/l Reactive Silica, as SiO 2 mg/l < Sodium mg/l <1 2 <1 1 Sulphate mg/l Total Alkalinity, as CaCO 3 mg/l < Nutrients Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus mg-p/l < Dissolved Organic Phosphorus, calculated mg-p/l < Nitrate, as N, calculated mg-n/l < Nitrate/Nitrite, as N mg-n/l < Nitrite, as N mg-n/l < ortho-phosphate, as P mg-p/l < Total Ammonia, as N mg-n/l < Total Dissolved Phosphorus mg-p/l < Total Inorganic Phosphorus mg-p/l < Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg-n/l < Total Nitrogen mg-n/l < Total Organic Carbon mg/l Total Organic Phosphorus, calculated mg-p/l < Total Phosphorus mg-p/l Total Metals and Metalloids Aluminum µg/l Antimony µg/l < Arsenic (c) µg/l Barium µg/l Beryllium (c) µg/l < < Bismuth (c) µg/l < < Boron µg/l < Cadmium µg/l < Cesium (c) µg/l < < Chromium (c) µg/l < Cobalt (c) µg/l <

15 Snap Lake Mine 3E-9 May 2015 Table 3E-3 Snap Lake Normal Ranges Parameter Units Snap Lake Normal Range Individual Measurement Whole-Lake Average (a) Lower Bound Upper Bound Lower Bound Upper Bound Copper (c) µg/l < < Iron (c) µg/l < Lead (c) µg/l < < Lithium µg/l < Manganese µg/l Mercury (Flett) (c) µg/l Methyl Mercury, as Hg µg/l Molybdenum µg/l < < Nickel µg/l Rubidium µg/l <1 2 <1 2 Selenium (c) µg/l < < Silver (c) µg/l < Strontium µg/l Thallium (c) µg/l < < Titanium µg/l < Uranium µg/l < < Vanadium (c) µg/l < < Zinc (c) µg/l < < a) The normal range for the Snap Lake w hole-lake average w as calculated using an m equal to ten, based on the number of stations currently used to calculate the w hole-lake average (i.e., four diffuser stations and six main basin stations). b) "Total dissolved solids, calculated (Lab)" refers to laboratory-calculated total dissolved solids concentrations using a formula adapted from the Method 1030 E in the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastew ater (APHA 2005). Refer to Appendix 1A3 for further details. c) The normal range may be affected by high DLs or interferences. Refer to Section 3E1.2.4 for further details. APHA = American Public Health Association; CaCO 3 = calcium carbonate; CO 3 = carbonate; Flett = Flett Research Ltd.; HCO 3 = bicarbonate; Hg = mercury; mg/l = milligrams per litre; mg-p/l = milligrams as phosphorus per litre; mg-n/l = milligrams as nitrogen per litre; N = nitrogen; NTU = nephelometric turbidity unit; P = phosphorus; SiO 2 = silicate; µg/l = micrograms per litre; µs/cm = microsiemens per centimetre; <= less than the detection limit; DL = detection limit. 3E Method Limitations and Uncertainties The Snap Lake normal ranges were calculated using baseline data that were analyzed with: multiple analysis methods; analysis methods that were subject to interferences; multiple DLs; or, a higher DL than the current DL. The higher DLs and/or interferences in the baseline data could have erroneously raised the normal range for 15 metals (arsenic, beryllium, bismuth, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, thallium, vanadium, and zinc). These parameters are not increasing in Snap Lake, with the exception of arsenic, as indicated by the temporal assessment (Key Question 3, Section 3.4.4).

16 Snap Lake Mine 3E-10 May 2015 Therefore, the potential for concentrations to be above the normal range is low, given that concentrations have not increased. The normal range for these parameters will be re-evaluated in the future if increasing trends in concentrations are identified, or if it is determined that using recent data is more representative of the normal range compared to using baseline data, which were subject to interferences and higher or multiple DLs. It is anticipated that five consecutive years of metals data analyzed by collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry could provide a sufficient data range to make this assessment. 3E.1.3 Seasonal Kendall Test Fourteen parameters were statistically analyzed for trends using the Seasonal Kendall test to confirm or reject the presence of increasing or decreasing trends in concentrations (Section , Table 3.2-6). The results of the Seasonal Kendall test are summarized in Table 3E-4. Separate Seasonal Kendall tests were performed on the total phosphorus concentrations from the water quality (i.e., mid-depth) and plankton (i.e., depth-integrated) samples.

17 Snap Lake Mine 3E-11 May 2015 Table 3E-4 Summary of Temporal Trends for Selected Parameters and Stations Using the Seasonal Kendall Test Parameter Lake Area (Representative Station) n Z-value at 95% Confidence (a) P-value at 95% Confidence (a) Significant Trend Field Parameters Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) <0.001 Main Basin (SNAP05) <0.001 Field measured ph (as a tw o-sided Main Basin (SNAP08) <0.001 trend) Main Basin (SNAP09) <0.001 Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Nutrients Ortho-Phosphate (as a tw o-sided trend) Total Dissolved Phosphorus (as a tw o-sided trend) Total Phosphorus (as a tw o-sided trend) Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) Diffuser (SNP 02-20e) Depth-Integrated Main Basin (SNAP05) <0.001 Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP08) Depth-Integrated Main Basin (SNAP09) <0.001 Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Northw est Arm (SNAP02 and SNAP02A) Depth- Integrated Northeast Lake (NEL01) Northeast Lake (NEL02) Northeast Lake (NEL03) Northeast Lake (NEL04) Northeast Lake (NEL05)

18 Snap Lake Mine 3E-12 May 2015 Table 3E-4 Summary of Temporal Trends for Selected Parameters and Stations Using the Seasonal Kendall Test Parameter Lake Area (Representative Station) n Z-value at 95% Confidence (a) P-value at 95% Confidence (a) Significant Trend Total Metals and Metalloids Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Aluminum (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) <0.001 Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Antimony (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNP 02-20d) Diffuser (SNP 02-20e) Diffuser (SNP 02-20f) Diffuser (SNP 02-20g) Main Basin (SNAP03) Main Basin (SNAP05) Main Basin (SNAP06) Arsenic (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Main Basin (SNAP11A) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Northeast Lake (NEL01) Northeast Lake (NEL02) Northeast Lake (NEL03) Northeast Lake (NEL04) Northeast Lake (NEL05) Diffuser (SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Cadmium (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A)

19 Snap Lake Mine 3E-13 May 2015 Table 3E-4 Summary of Temporal Trends for Selected Parameters and Stations Using the Seasonal Kendall Test Parameter Lake Area (Representative Station) n Z-value at 95% Confidence (a) P-value at 95% Confidence (a) Significant Trend Dif f user (SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Chromium (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Cobalt (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) <0.001 Main Basin (SNAP05) <0.001 Manganese (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Titanium (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Vanadium (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Diffuser (SNAP 13 and SNP 02-20e) Main Basin (SNAP05) Zinc (as a tw o-sided trend) Main Basin (SNAP08) Main Basin (SNAP09) Northw est Arm (SNAP02A) Note: The Seasonal Kendall test w as run using SYSTAT 13.1 (SYSTAT 2009) a) The critical Z-values associated w ith a tw o-sided 95% confidence interval are and The P value associated w ith a 95% confidence interval is If the Z-value is betw een and 1.96 for a tw o-sided test, the P-value w ill be greater than 0.05 and the test concludes that no significant increasing or decreasing trend exists in the data. = an increasing trend; = a decreasing trend; - = no significant increasing or decreasing trend; % = percent; and n = sample count; <= less than.

20 Snap Lake Mine 3E-14 May E.1.4 Temporal Plots Temporal plots of parameter concentrations were completed for one or more representative stations in each area of Snap Lake and the reference lakes: SNAP13 and SNP 02-20e (located near the diffusers, at the edge of the mixing zone); SNAP05, SNAP09, and SNAP08 (located in the main basin of Snap Lake); SNAP02 and SNAP02A (located in the northwest arm of Snap Lake); and, all stations in the reference lakes (Northeast Lake and Lake 13). Total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations from the water quality (mid-depth) and plankton (depth-integrated) components were plotted separately because they were collected using different methods. The normal range for each parameter, calculated as described in Section 3E1.2.1, are included in each temporal plot. All sample concentrations that were reported as less than the DL were plotted at half the DL value.

21 Snap Lake Mine 3E-15 May 2015 Figure 3E-1 Total Dissolved Solids (Calculated) Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

22 Snap Lake Mine 3E-16 May 2015 Figure 3E-2 Laboratory ph in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13.

23 Snap Lake Mine 3E-17 May 2015 Figure 3E-3 Field ph in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 Note: Data show n are from representative stations w ithin Snap Lake: Diffuser Area = SNAP13 (2004 to April 2006) and SNP 02-20e (July 2006 to 2013); Main Basin = SNAP09, SNAP05 and SNAP08 (2004 to 2013); Northw est Arm = SNAP02 (2004 to April 2006) and SNAP02A (July 2006 to 2013); Reference Lakes = NEL01 to NEL05 and LK13-01 to LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13.

24 Snap Lake Mine 3E-18 May 2015 Figure 3E-4 Laboratory Conductivity in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; µs/cm = microsiemens per centimetre.

25 Snap Lake Mine 3E-19 May 2015 Figure 3E-5 Turbidity in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; NTU = nephelometric turbidity units.

26 Snap Lake Mine 3E-20 May 2015 Figure 3E-6 Bicarbonate Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; HCO 3 = bicarbonate; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

27 Snap Lake Mine 3E-21 May 2015 Figure 3E-7 Calcium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

28 Snap Lake Mine 3E-22 May 2015 Figure 3E-8 Chloride Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

29 Snap Lake Mine 3E-23 May 2015 Figure 3E-9 Fluoride Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

30 Snap Lake Mine 3E-24 May 2015 Figure 3E-10 Hardness Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; CaCO 3 = calcium carbonate; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

31 Snap Lake Mine 3E-25 May 2015 Figure 3E-11 Magnesium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

32 Snap Lake Mine 3E-26 May 2015 Figure 3E-12 Potassium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

33 Snap Lake Mine 3E-27 May 2015 Figure 3E-13 Reactive Silica Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; Depth Integrated = monthly average (Main Basin, Northw est Arm, Reference Lakes) and single sample (Diffuser) reactive silica concentrations from the euphotic zone (2014), the black bars represent the standard error for the mean; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; SiO 2 = silicate; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

34 Snap Lake Mine 3E-28 May 2015 Figure 3E-14 Sodium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

35 Snap Lake Mine 3E-29 May 2015 Figure 3E-15 Sulphate Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

36 Snap Lake Mine 3E-30 May 2015 Figure 3E-16 Total Alkalinity Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; CaCO 3 = calcium carbonate; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

37 Snap Lake Mine 3E-31 May 2015 Figure 3E-17 Total Phosphorus Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; Depth Integrated = monthly average (Main Basin, Northw est Arm, Reference Lakes) and single sample (Diffuser) total phosphorus concentrations f rom the euphotic zone (2006 to 2014), the black bars represent the standard error for the mean; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-p/l = milligrams as phosphorus per litre.

38 Snap Lake Mine 3E-32 May 2015 Figure 3E-18 Dissolved Phosphorus Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-p/l = milligrams as phosphorus per litre.

39 Snap Lake Mine 3E-33 May 2015 Figure 3E-19 Total Organic Phosphorus Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-p/l = milligrams as phosphorus per litre.

40 Snap Lake Mine 3E-34 May 2015 Figure 3E-20 Nitrate Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-n/l = milligrams as nitrogen per litre; N = nitrogen.

41 Snap Lake Mine 3E-35 May 2015 Figure 3E-21 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-n/l = milligrams as nitrogen per litre; N = nitrogen.

42 Snap Lake Mine 3E-36 May 2015 Figure 3E-22 Nitrite Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-n/l = milligrams as nitrogen per litre; N = nitrogen.

43 Snap Lake Mine 3E-37 May 2015 Figure 3E-23 Total Ammonia Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-n/l = milligrams as nitrogen per litre; N = nitrogen.

44 Snap Lake Mine 3E-38 May 2015 Figure 3E-24 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-n/l = milligrams as nitrogen per litre.

45 Snap Lake Mine 3E-39 May 2015 Figure 3E-25 Total Nitrogen Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; Depth Integrated = monthly average (Main Basin, Northw est Arm, Reference Lakes) and single sample (Diffuser) total nitrogen concentrations from the euphotic zone (2006 to 2014), the black bars represent the standard error for the mean; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; mg-n/l = milligrams as nitrogen per litre.

46 Snap Lake Mine 3E-40 May 2015 Figure 3E-26 Total Organic Carbon Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake; LK-13 = Lake 13; mg/l = milligrams per litre.

47 Snap Lake Mine 3E-41 May 2015 Figure 3E-27 Total Aluminum Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

48 Snap Lake Mine 3E-42 May 2015 Figure 3E-28 Total Antimony Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

49 Snap Lake Mine 3E-43 May 2015 Figure 3E-29 Total Arsenic Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 Note: Data presented from 2004 to 2007 w ere analyzed by ultra-low inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), data presented from 2008 to July 2011 w ere analyzed by hydride generation atomic absorption (HGAAS), and data presented from July 2011 to 2014 w ere analyzed by collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CCMS); data show n are from representative stations w ithin Snap Lake: Diffuser Area = SNAP13 (2004 to April 2006) and SNP 02-20e (July 2006 to 2014); Main Basin = SNAP09, SNAP05 and SNAP08 (2004 to 2014); Northw est Arm = SNAP02 (2004 to April 2006) and SNAP02A (July 2006 to 2014); Reference Lakes = NEL01 to NEL05 and LK13-01 to LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

50 Snap Lake Mine 3E-44 May 2015 Figure 3E-30 Total Barium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

51 Snap Lake Mine 3E-45 May 2015 Figure 3E-31 Total Beryllium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

52 Snap Lake Mine 3E-46 May 2015 Figure 3E-32 Total Bismuth Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

53 Snap Lake Mine 3E-47 May 2015 Figure 3E-33 Total Boron Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

54 Snap Lake Mine 3E-48 May 2015 Figure 3E-34 Total Cadmium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 Note: Data presented from 2005 to 2012 w ere analyzed at Alberta Innovates Technology Futures laboratory (AITF) by microw ave digestion and ultra-low level inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS), data presented in 2014w ere analyzed at ALS Canada Ltd. (ALS) by collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CCMS); data show n are from representative stations w ithin Snap Lake: Diffuser Area = SNAP13 (2004 to April 2006) and SNP 02-20e (July 2006 to 2014); Main Basin = SNAP09, SNAP05 and SNAP08 (2004 to 2014); Northw est Arm = SNAP02 (2004 to April 2006) and SNAP02A (July 2006 to 2014); Reference Lakes = NEL01 to NEL05 and LK13-01 to LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

55 Snap Lake Mine 3E-49 May 2015 Figure 3E-35 Total Cesium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

56 Snap Lake Mine 3E-50 May 2015 Figure 3E-36 Total Chromium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 Note: Data presented from 2004 to 2007 w ere analyzed by ultra-low inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), data presented from 2008 to July 2011 w ere analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), and data presented from July 2011 to 2014 w ere analyzed by collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CCMS); data show n are from representative stations w ithin Snap Lake: Diffuser Area = SNAP13 (2004 to April 2006) and SNP 02-20e (July 2006 to 2014); Main Basin = SNAP09, SNAP05 and SNAP08 (2004 to 2014); Northw est Arm = SNAP02 (2004 to April 2006) and SNAP02A (July 2006 to 2014); Reference Lakes = NEL01 to NEL05 and LK13-01 to LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

57 Snap Lake Mine 3E-51 May 2015 Figure 3E-37 Total Cobalt Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

58 Snap Lake Mine 3E-52 May 2015 Figure 3E-38 Total Copper Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

59 Snap Lake Mine 3E-53 May 2015 Figure 3E-39 Total Iron Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

60 Snap Lake Mine 3E-54 May 2015 Figure 3E-40 Total Lead Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

61 Snap Lake Mine 3E-55 May 2015 Figure 3E-41 Total Lithium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

62 Snap Lake Mine 3E-56 May 2015 Figure 3E-42 Total Manganese Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

63 Snap Lake Mine 3E-57 May 2015 Figure 3E-43 Total Mercury Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; Flett = Flett Research Ltd.; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

64 Snap Lake Mine 3E-58 May 2015 Figure 3E-44 Total Molybdenum Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

65 Snap Lake Mine 3E-59 May 2015 Figure 3E-45 Total Nickel Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

66 Snap Lake Mine 3E-60 May 2015 Figure 3E-46 Total Rubidium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

67 Snap Lake Mine 3E-61 May 2015 Figure 3E-47 Total Selenium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 Note: Data presented from 2004 to July 2011 w ere analyzed by hydride generation atomic absorption (HGAAS), and data presented from July 2011 to 2014 w ere analyzed by collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CCMS); data show n are from representative stations within Snap Lake: Diffuser Area = SNAP13 (2004 to April 2006) and SNP 02-20e (July 2006 to 2014); Main Basin = SNAP09, SNAP05 and SNAP08 (2004 to 2014); Northw est Arm = SNAP02 (2004 to April 2006) and SNAP02A (July 2006 to 2014); Reference Lakes = NEL01 to NEL05 and LK13-01 to LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

68 Snap Lake Mine 3E-62 May 2015 Figure 3E-48 Total Silver Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.

69 Snap Lake Mine 3E-63 May 2015 Figure 3E-49 Total Strontium Concentrations in Snap Lake, Northeast Lake, and Lake 13, 2004 to 2014 LK13-05; SNP = Surveillance Netw ork Program; NEL = Northeast Lake, LK-13 = Lake 13; μg/l = micrograms per litre.