Alan Turing, the Imitation Game and Big Data

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1 Alan Turing, the Imitation Game and Big Data Frank Thuijsman March 1, 2016

2 Alan Turing June 23 12, born London King s College (S) King s College (F) 36 computable numbers 38 PhD, Princeton Bletchley Park ACE/NPL, London Manchester 50 computing machinery 52 convicted June 7 54, dies Wilmslow

3 Turing Machines & the Halting Problem

4 Turing Machines

5 Turing Machines 1. Input: infinite squared tape 2. Finitely many non-empty 3. Finitely many symbols 4. Operator can read and write 5. can go L or R, one by one 6. Operator has a finite manual on what to do, consisting of finitely many states

6 Turing Machines: x + y Department of Knowledge Engineering Starting here in state 1

7 Turing Machines: x y Department of Knowledge Engineering

8 Turing Machines: how many? Department of Knowledge Engineering

9 Turing Machines: countably many Play movie

10 Turing: the Universal Machine

11 Turing: the Universal Machine

12 Turing Machines & the Halting Problem

13 Turing Machines & the Halting Problem There is NO program P that can check for any program Q and any input I, whether or not Q halts on I. Argument: Suppose program P exists, then P would: - print YES if Q halts on I, and next P halts; - print NO if Q doesn t halt on I, and next P halts. If P exists, then we can also make a program P* which: - prints YES if Q halts on Q and next P* prints 0,0,0, ; - prints NO if Q doesn t halt on Q, and next P* halts. Does P* halt on P*? Answers YES and NO both fail!

14 Turing and Code Breaking Department of Knowledge Engineering Play movie

15 The Enigma Machine

16 The Enigma Machine Play movie1 Play movie2

17 The Bombe

18 The Imitation Game Play movie

19 The Imitation Game

20 The Imitation Game

21 The Imitation Game Man Woman Interrogator

22 The Imitation Game Human Computer Interrogator

23 The Imitation Game CAPTCHA Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart

24 Ex Machina Play movie

25 What happened after Turing?

26 What happened after Turing? ARPANET: 1969 Internet: 1983/1993 Microsoft: 1975, Bill Gates, Paul Allen Apple:1976, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Ronald Bayne WorldWideWeb: 1989/1991, Tim Berners-Lee Yahoo: 1994, David Filo, Jerry Yang Amazon: 1994, Jeff Bezos ebay: 1995, Pierre Omidyar Google: 1997, Larry Page, Sergey Brin Wikipedia: 2001, Jimmy Wales LinkedIn: 2002, Reid Hoffman Facebook:2004, Mark Zuckerberg Twitter: 2006, Noah Glass, Jack Dorsey

27 The World Wide Web Department of Knowledge Engineering Play movie

28 Cycling in New York City Department of Knowledge Engineering Play movie

29 Cycling in New York City Department of Knowledge Engineering

30 What are we looking at? Department of Knowledge Engineering

31 What are we looking at? Department of Knowledge Engineering

32 99 Department of Knowledge Engineering What are we looking at? 00 99

33 Computing, Communication and Storage Play movie

34 AI and Big Data Play movie

35 The Internet of Things Play movie

36 People and the Internet Department of Knowledge Engineering Play movie

37 Digitisation of Matter Play movie

38 What will our future bring? Department of Knowledge Engineering Play movie

39 Humans need not apply Department of Knowledge Engineering Play movie

40 Further Viewing

41 Further Reading Papadimitriou, 2003

42 Meet Papadimitriou next Summer! View Details

43 Many thanks for your attention! This presentation will be available at my website!

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