SS8 Chapter 8a: How did the Aztec Way of Life affect their Worldview?

Transcription

1 Name/Class: SS8 Chapter 8a: How did the Aztec Way of Life affect their Worldview? VOCAB: Define each term in 6 words or less. Pipiltin Macehualtin Mayeques Equinox Chinampas Disdain Parish Omen Cottage Industry Solstice Eurasia Impersonate Templo Mayor Cacao Bean How did the Social System reflect the Aztec Worldview? ( ) 1. How was Aztec society structured? 2. What did the Aztec gods represent? What were the temples used for? 3. The Aztec s had a hierarchical system of authority. How many social classes were there? What were the social classes?

2 4. Use the information on page 265 and 266 to complete the chart below. Social Class Aztec Word for Social Class Description of Social Class Nobility Commoners Priests 5. Men and Women had different roles in Aztec Society. What was the woman s role? What was the man s role? 6. What rights did women have in Aztec society? List 2.

3 7. How was Aztec education organized? Who was allowed to attend school? 8. What did children learn through Aztec education? List 5 things. 9. What were commoner schools called? Nobility schools? 10. In the telpochcalli boys and girls were taught separately. What did the boys learn? What did the girls learn? 11. In the calmecac, boys lived at the school. What were they taught? What was expected of them? 12. Who am I? What did I accomplish?

4 How did the Political and Economic Systems reflect Aztec Worldview? ( ) 13. How is an Aztec emperor, or the huey tolatonai, chosen? Who does he represent? 14. What is an altepetl? BONUS: What is another word from a past unit that you can use to describe an Altepetl? 15. How are Aztec religious beliefs and the Aztec political system connected? What role did a priest have in the government? 16. What form of tribute did the Aztecs accept from conquered societies? List Why would tribute be an important factor to the Aztec economy?

5 18. What is a Chinampas? Why do you think the Aztecs used chinampas for farming? (Hint: look at the map on page 275) 19. What was the purpose of the marketplace? Where was the best Aztec marketplace? 20. Who were the pochteca? Why were they important in Aztec society? How did the Culture of the Aztecs reflect their worldview? ( ) 21. How did the Aztec culture evolve? What did the Aztecs believe about Tenochtitlan? 22. According to the Aztec worldview, humans played only a small role in the world. What did they believe to be their duties in life? List Aztec religion had hundreds of deities ranging from the rain god to the god of maize. What three gods dominated Aztec religion?

6 24. Why did the Aztecs practice the ritual of human sacrifice? What did the Aztec believe was the best nourishment for the gods? 25. The Aztecs made offering to the Gods to keep them alive and to keep the universe in balance. What did the Aztecs use as offering for the gods? List What did the Aztecs use medicine bundles for? What did the bundles contain? 27. The Aztecs had no alphabet. What did they use in place of an alphabet in their manuscripts? 28. Why did Aztec society prize feathers more then gold? What were the feathers used for? 29. Name the three Aztec calendars.

7 30. Describe the xiuhtlapohualli calendar in 2-3 sentences or in point form. 31. Describe the tonalpohualli calendar in 2-3 sentences or in point form. 32. Why do you think time was important to the Aztecs?

8 Name/Class: SS8 Chapter 8b: How did the Spanish Way of Life affect their Worldview? How did the Spanish Social System reflect their worldview? ( ) 1. What social system was used in Spain longer then any other European country? 2. When was the feudal system officially abolished in Spain? What system replaced it? 3. Use the information on page to complete the following chart. Class in Society Important points Nobility Commoners Priests Roles of Men Roles of Women Education

9 4. The Spanish did not provide free education for all boys and girls; the Aztec did. Both societies had an elite (special) program of studies for the children of nobles. What do you think this might say about each society s worldview? How did the Political and Economic Systems reflect the Spanish worldview? ( ) 5. What does Divine Right mean? 6. In 2-3 sentences, or in point form, describe the role of the Catholic Church in Spanish government. 7. What was the primary economic activity in Aragon? Castile? 8. What was the result of the Black Death on the economy of Spain? 9. What does the term Mesta refer to?

10 10. Why did the economy in Spain suffer? What role did the nobility have in Spain s poor economy? 11. How did Spain become one of the richest and most powerful countries in Europe? 12. Why did an influx of so much gold and silver have a negative effect on the Spanish economy? Same Time, Different Place (282) 13. Briefly draw or describe what was going on in parts of the world while the Aztec warriors were building their empire and the Spanish conquistadors were conquering Muslim-lands in Spain. Use the space below.

11 How did the Culture of the Spanish reflect their worldview? ( ) 14. Until the 13 th century, Spanish culture was influenced by Moorish rule and Spain was known as one of the most cultured and literate societies. What happened to the culture at the end of the Reconquista? 15. In 1500, what was the dominant religion in Spain? 16. What does the term auto-da-fe refer to? 17. What happened at an auto-da-fe ceremony? 18. What language was used by Spanish scholars and clergy? What were the vernacular languages in the Iberian Peninsula? 19. Gradually, people in Spain began to use Castilian language for dealing with citizens from other regions. What are some problems that could arise when people don t speak the same language? What are some benefits of having one common language in a country?

12 20. Briefly describe in 2-3 sentences what the poem El cantar de mío Cid is about. Why do you think this poem would be important to the Spanish? 21. What does the term troubadour refer to? 22. How did Islamic culture and the Moors influence Spanish architecture, sculpture and painting? List 5 examples. 23. What calendar did Europeans follow until 1582? Why did they change to the Gregorian calendar? BONUS: Who is the Gregorian calendar named after?