Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), smart-trap design and deployment strategies (62066)

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1 Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), smart-trap design and deployment strategies (62066) Ryan Schmid (Kansas State University, Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre), Mr Darren Snyder (Kansas State University, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service), Dr Lee Cohnstaedt (Kansas State University, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service), Dr Gary Kong (Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre), Mr Les Zeller (University of Southern Queensland) and Dr Brian McCornack (Kansas State University, Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre). The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a major pest of wheat around the world. While there are no documented reports of this pest in Australia, increasing efficiency in surveillance strategies are important for early detection and mitigation. Early detection and implementation of management methods are dependent on cost effective and efficient surveillance strategies. While the existing trap surveillance strategy utilising the Hessian fly female sex pheromone is effective and efficient, it does not attract female Hessian flies. Surveillance of female adults is key to assessing the severity of new invasions, modeling changes in population dynamics at the field level and incorporating trap captures into management decisions. The aim of this research is to examine trap design, deployment strategies and reporting systems to develop cheap and efficient devices Presenting author s biography for monitoring Hessian fly invasions. Initial laboratory studies have shown that both male and female Hessian flies are attracted to light emitted by light emitting diodes (LEDs) in the lower region of the green spectrum ( nm) produced at high intensities (16 W/m 2 ), although females were attracted to the LEDs significantly more than males. Results from these experiments will be incorporated into new trap designs, adding multiple sensory stimulants to existing trap designs, thus improving trap attractiveness and effectiveness for surveillance of both sexes of Hessian fly. Field trials will complement laboratory studies to test effectiveness of traps under external environmental conditions, with an ultimate goal of developing deployment strategy recommendations for vital wheat-producing regions across Australia. Ryan Schmid is a graduate student working toward a Ph.D. in entomology at Kansas State University in Manhattan, KS under the direction of Dr. Brian McCornack (Field Crop Entomologist and Extension Specialist). He received B.S. degrees in Biology and Microbiology in 2011 from South Dakota State University, and completed an M.S. degree in Biology from South Dakota State University in Ryan became interested in entomology while working as an undergraduate biological science aid in an Entomology research lab for Dr. Jonathan Lundgren at the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) in Brookings, SD. Ryan Schmid rbschmid@ksu.edu Science Exchange 2015 Conference Handbook 73

2 Session Seven: New technology for surveillance and monitoring of plant pests Presentation title: Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), smart-trap design and deployment strategies Presenter: Ryan Schmid

3 Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), smart-trap design and deployment strategies CRC Ryan Schmid Ph.D. Student Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre

4 Problem being addressed The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a pest of wheat around the world (Stuart, J.J., et al. 2012) Damage caused by the Hessian fly Each 1% increase in infested tiller results in significant yield loss, due to lodging and stunted growth (Buntin, G.D. 1999)

5 Problem being addressed Existing traps utilize the female Hessian fly sex-pheromone Female Hessian fly is not attracted to existing traps utilizing the sex-pheromone sex-pheromone Female Hessian flies use color visual cues as a mechanism for host plant-finding (Harris, M.O., et al. 1993)

6 Results so far

7 Results so far

8 Results so far + Ø Ø

9 Challenges and issues arising from the research Assessment of effective range of attractants Examination of attractants under field conditions Restricting trap access to only the Hessian fly

10 Who will use the research? National and state agencies to minimize risk of entry at international ports State agencies and producers monitoring for field infestations Research and extension agents

11 Who will directly benefit from the research? Monitoring Phase Maintaining yields and exports Plant Health Australia Post Incursion 1) Understanding population movement 2) Deployment of management methods Established Hessian Fly Countries Efficient method to monitor Hessian fly population levels in previously infested regions

12 Impact delivery plan Increase trap awareness through extension presentations and publications Brian McCornack Organized monitoring program involving extension agents and producers to monitor for Hessian fly

13 The End-User Advocate s Perspective Efficient and effective Hessian fly monitoring tool? Informed management decisions based on real-time information

14 Thank you Dr. Brian P. McCornack Dr. Lee W. Cohnstaedt Darren Snyder McCornack Lab For more information, please

National Plant Biosecurity Diagnostic Strategy. Version 1.0 July 2012

National Plant Biosecurity Diagnostic Strategy Version 1.0 July 2012 Plant Health Australia (PHA) is the national coordinator of the government-industry partnership for plant biosecurity in Australia.