THE BRITISH COUNCIL PROJECT Class VIII -Social Science Quiz on Architecture

Transcription

1 THE BRITISH COUNCIL PROJECT Class VIII -Social Science Quiz on Architecture 1. Define the term Architecture. Ans. The art or science of designing and creating a building is called Architecture 2. Name any four architectural features introduced by the French in India. Ans. brick, stone or stucco siding, hipped roof, multi-paned windows, red clay tile roof 3. Which monument was built in Mumbai to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria? Ans. The Gateway of India 4. What was the style of architecture of the Turks? Name some of the tombs and mosques constructed during the sultanate period Ans. Islamic architecture, Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque in Delhi, Dhai din ka Jhopra in Ajmer 5. Which is the largest dome in the India? Ans. Gol Gumbaz 6. What is pietra dura? Ans. pietre dura is a term for the inlay technique of using cut and fitted, highly polished coloured stones to create images. It is considered a decorative art 7. Which building reflects the grandeur of the mighty Mughal Empire? Ans. The Buland Darwaza at Fatehpur Sikri 8. Which foreign influence is seen in the rock cut architecture of India? Ans. Persian 9. Which were the famous churches in Goa built by the Portuguese? Ans. Basilica Bom Jesus and the Church of Saint Francis 10. Name the architect who designed the Rashtrapati Bhavan. Ans. Sir Edwin Lutyens 11. Name any four architectural features introduced in India by the Persians. Ans. Chhajja, Dome, Jaali and Minarets 12. Which architectural style can be observed in the buildings built during the British empire in India? Ans. Greek and Roman Architecture style 1 P a g e 0 2 A u g u s t

2 13. Name the British traveller who described Delhi as the Rome of Hindostan. Ans. Robert Byron 14. What do you find in the Victoria Memorial building in Calcutta? Ans. a museum full of colonial artefacts 15. Name the architect who designed the India International Centre of Delhi. Ans. Joseph Allen Stein, an American architect 16. Who designed the city of Chandigarh? Ans. Le Corbusier, a Swiss-French architect 17. What influence does the architecture of the city of Cochin reflect? Ans. British, Portuguese and Dutch influence 18. Which monument was built in memory of a British monarch? Ans. Victoria Memorial Hall 19. In which Indian city would you find the mosque with "Shaking Minarets"? Ans. Ahmedabad 20. Name Asia s largest church in Goa which has 14 altars, eight chapels and five bells. Ans. Se Cathedral 21. Name any four architectural features introduced in India by the British. Ans.High ceilings, arcade, casement window, chimney, corbel, parapet 22. Name the church which is a three storied structure and is a blend of Doric, Corinthian and Composite architectural styles in its façade. Ans. Basilica of Bom Jesus, Goa 23. Name the famous church in Chennai which is known as the The Westminster Abbey of the East. Ans. Fort St. George 24. Who introduced the concept of Baghs or ornamental gardens in India? Ans. Mughal Emperor Babur 25. The architecture of which Indian city was the crowning glory of the British raj? Ans. New Delhi 26. Name the highest award for Architects (similar to the Nobel prize) Ans. Pritzker Architecture Award 2 P a g e 0 2 A u g u s t

3 NAME THE FOLLOWING MONUMENTS 27. This Jain temple in Calcutta (1867) which is an ornate mixture of classical and Indian architecture and landscape elements overwhelmed by mirrors, coloured stones and glass mosaics. Ans. Pareshnath Jain Temple 28. This memorial built on the northern ridge of Delhi is an exemplar of the use of the Gothic in India by the British. Ans. India Gate 29. Name a few architectural features introduced by the Portuguese. Ans. Facade, Altar, Chapels 30. Name the architecture which blends social and political realities of the British and the Indian people. Ans. Indosaracenic 31. Name the Cathedral in Goa which houses The Cross of Miracles. Ans. Fort St. George 32. What is the other name by which Buland Darwaja is known? Ans. The Victory gate 33. What was the unique element introduced by Akbar in architecture? Ans. A blend of Islamic central Asian and Regional architecture (Rajasthani-Gujarati style) 34. What was the British style of architecture known as in India? Ans. Indosaracenic style 35. Which stone was used in the construction of Victoria terminal? Ans. Marble 36. Who designed the Town hall of Mumbai? Ans. Colonel Thomas Cowper 37. Name the building constructed in Indosaracenic style by Henry Irwin in Chennai. Ans. The Madras High Court 38. Name the three architectural styles used by the British. Ans. Neo classical, Neo Gothic, Indo saracenic style 3 P a g e 0 2 A u g u s t

4 39. Which building in Mumbai was declared as the UNESCO World Heritage site in 2004? Ans. Victoria Terminus 40. Which period is known as the golden age of the Muslim architecture in India? Ans. The Mughal Period 41. Name three buildings of the British period in Chennai. Ans. Southern Railway Headquarters Chennai railway station The Presidency College 42. Name the church located at the southern tip of Marina Beach. Ans. St. Thomas Cathedral Basilica 43. Name the first garden tomb in the Indian subcontinent which is located at Nizamuddin, East, Delhi. Ans. Humayun s tomb 44. What is the predominant feature of Fatehpur Sikri? Ans. The Buland Darwaza 45. How are the Indian and Persian styles of architecture blended in the construction of Buland darwaza at Fatehpur Sikri? Ans. It has a huge portal inside a flat frame, which is Persian and the Kiosk on the top are Indian in design 46. Name any two monuments that were built during Aurangzeb s reign. Ans. The Moti Masjid in Delhi and the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore 47. Which part of The Taj Mahal reflects the influence of Indian architecture? Ans. The Kiosk, at the four corners of the dome reflect the Indian architecture 48. Name the largest mosque in the country. Ans. The Jama Masjid 49. What is the other name of Pietra dura? Ans. Parchin kari 50. What are the main architectural elements of Islamic architecture? Ans. The dome, the true arch, geometric motifs and minerats 51. Who built the Purana Kila in Delhi? Ans. Sher Shah Suri 4 P a g e 0 2 A u g u s t

5 52. In how many styles can Islamic architecture in India be divided? Ans. the style of the Sultanate period, The provincial style and Mughal style 53. Name two monuments of The Sultanate period. Ans. Quwwat ul Islam mosque in Delhi and Dhai din ka jhopra in Ajmer 54. Which dome reflects the combination of Hindu and Muslim architecture? Ans. Gol Gumbaz in Bijapur 55. What makes the Qutub Minar a unique example of Islamic Architecture? Ans. its main tower and the balconies, it is made of white and red sand stone 56. Who designed Humayun s tomb in Delhi? Ans. A Persian architect, Mirza Ghiyas 57. Who erected the Shalimar gardens and the Nishat gardens in Kashmir? Ans. Jahangir 58. What is the architectural difference between the Diwan i Aam and Diwan i Khas? Ans. The Diwan i Aam is a rectangular hall built of red sand stone. The Diwan i Khas is a highly ornamented pillared hall with a marble platform 59. What are murals? Ans. Paintings done on walls 60. Name the chief architect of The Taj Mahal Ans. Isa Khan 61. Name the buildings erected by the Mughals which have been declared as world heritage sites by UNESCO. Ans. The Taj Mahal, Humuyan tomb and the Red fort Architecture Terminology. arch: a structure spanning an opening that is supported from the sides balcony (n) a platform projecting from the wall of a building, usually resting on pillars column: a vertical post divided into a base, shaft, and capital at the top chajja: overhanging cornice, eave corbels: blocks of stone projecting from a wall or a pier corridor: passage in a building courtyard (n) an area of ground that is surrounded by buildings, lies inside a large building, or is adjacent to a building and enclosed by walls dargah: tomb 5 P a g e 0 2 A u g u s t

6 dome: a curved, semi spherical roof structure that is circular in plan diwan-i- khas: hall of a private audience in Islamic Architecture diwan-i- aam: hall of public audience in Islamic Architecture façade: the face or exterior of a building gable: the triangular portion of a wall under the end of a pitched roof gothic: pointed arched style prevalent in western Europe during the 12 th and 16 th century ionic: a type of classical architecture with scroll-like decorations, called volutes, on the column capital jali: literally net, any lattice perforated pattern keystone: a wedge-shaped unit at the top of an arch lintel: a horizontal beam spanning the top of a door or window minaret: a slim tower that is part of a mosque and is used to call the faithful to prayers nave (n) the long central hall of a cross shaped church, often with pillars on each side, where the congregation sits orders: styles of classical architecture developed by the ancient Greeks and Romans; they include the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian pier (n) a pillar, especially a rectangular one supporting the end of an arch, lintel, or vault rustication: roughly surfaced stonework on exterior walls; popular during the Renaissance. shaft: the section of a column between the base and the capital tracery: curvy ornament in the upper part of a Gothic window uplift: raising of a structure in response to structural forces vault: an arched ceiling or roof 6 P a g e 0 2 A u g u s t