Baroque Architecture. Arch 225

Transcription

1 Baroque Architecture Arch 225

2 Baroque Architecture is the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and the absolutist state. It was characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow and dramatic intensity. Whereas the Renaissance drew on the wealth and power of the Italian courts and was a blend of secular and religious forces, the Baroque was, initially at least, directly linked to the Counter- Reformation, a movement within the Catholic Church to reform itself in response to the Protestant Reformation. Baroque architecture and its embellishments were on the one hand more accessible to the emotions and on the other hand, a visible statement of the wealth and power of the Church. A synthesis of Bernini, Borromini and Cortona s architecture can be seen in the late Baroque architecture of northern Europe which paved the way for the more decorative Rococo style. Distinctive features of Baroque architecture can include: In churches, broader naves and sometimes given oval forms Fragmentary or deliberately incomplete architectural elements dramatic use of light; either strong light-and-shade contrasts (chiaroscuro effects) as at the church of Weltenburg Abbey, or uniform lighting by means of several windows opulent use of colour and ornaments (putti or figures made of wood (often gilded), plaster or stucco, marble or faux finishing) large-scale ceiling frescoes an external façade often characterized by a dramatic central projection the interior is a shell for painting, sculpture and stucco (especially in the late Baroque) illusory effects like trompe l'oeil (an art technique involving extremely realistic imagery in order to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects appear in three dimensions.) and the blending of painting and architecture pear-shaped domes in the Bavarian, Czech, Polish and Ukrainian Baroque Marian and Holy Trinity columns erected in Catholic countries, often in thanksgiving for ending a plague

3 Rönesans Barok

4 Baroque Facades

5 Renaissance Baroque

6 Renaissance Baroque

7 Renaissance Baroque

8 Baroque Axis

9 Il Gesu, Rome, Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, ( )

10 Il Gesu, Facade and Giacomo della Porta. ( ), Vignola (1571)

11 Il Gesu

12 Il Gesu

13 St. Ignatius Chapel, Baccacia s frescos / Il Gesu, Giovanni Battista Gaulli

14 S. Ignazio, Roma, Padre Andrea Pozzo ( )

15 Cornaro Şapeli, Santa Maria della Vittoria, Roma, Gianlorenzo Bernini ( )

16 Cornaro chapel, Gianlorenzo Bernini ( )

17

18 Bernini s design of the Piazza San Pietro in front of the Basilica is one of his most innovative and successful architectural designs

19 Bernini s design of the Piazza San Pietro

20 Bernini s design of the Piazza San Pietro

21 St. Peter's Basilica

22

23 Re-planing of Rome by Pope Sixtus V. ( ), from the wall of Vatican Museum.

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25 Piazza del Popolo

26 Piazza del Popolo

27 S. Andrea al Quirinale, Roma, Gianlorenzo Bernini ( )

28 S. Andrea al Quirinale

29 S. Andrea al Quirinale

30

31 S. Andrea al Quirinale

32 S. Andrea al Quirinale

33 S. Ivo alla Sapienza, Roma Francesco Borromini, ( )

34 S. Ivo alla Sapienza

35 S. Ivo alla Sapienza, Borromini s Sketch

36 S. Ivo alla Sapienza

37 S. Ivo alla Sapienza

38 S. Ivo alla Sapienza

39 S. Ivo alla Sapienza

40 S. Ivo alla Sapienza

41

42 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, (S. Carlino), Rome, Francesco Borromini, ( )

43

44 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino),

45 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino)

46 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino)

47 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino),

48 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino) ( )

49 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino)

50 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino)

51 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (S. Carlino),

52 San Lorenzo, Torino, Guarino Guarini ( )

53 San Lorenzo

54 San Lorenzo

55 San Lorenzo

56 San Lorenzo

57 Vierzehnheiligen, Franconia, Johann Balthasar Neumann, ( )

58 Vierzehnheiligen

59 Vierzehnheiligen

60 Vierzehnheiligen

61 Versailles, Louis Le Vau, Jules Hardouin-Mansart ( )

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63

64 Versailles Gardens

65

66

67 Galerie des Glaces Versailles, Jules Hardouin-Mansart ( )

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69

70 Spanish Stairs, Rome, Francesco de Sanctis, Alessandro Specchi ( )

71 Palace of Prens-Piskopos, Würzburg, Almanya, Johann Balthasar Neumann ( )

72

73 Rafael, ( ), Rubens, ( )

74 Caravaggio (1600)