Canadian History 1201 Unit 's

Transcription

1 Canadian History 1201 Unit 's Notes 1. What were three things that faced the soldiers when they came back from World War 1? Unemployment, rising prices and strikes 2. What was the name given to the 1920's? Roaring Twenties 3. What were five new forms of entertainment in the 1920's? Hot Jazz, Dance Halls, Movies, Radio and Cars 4. What is the name of the term that refers to the banning of consuming and making alcohol? Prohibition 5. What were two reasons why the term in number four was introduced? Grain used to make alcohol could be used to feed people and money spent on alcohol could be used to feed family 6. What were the name of people who would illegally smuggle alcohol into the United States? Bootleggers 7. Who were two Canadians who were well known for doing the smuggling? Rocco Perri and Bessie Starkman 8. What are four positive social effects of prohibition? 1. Crime rate dropped 2. Arrests for drunkenness decreased 3. Men took their paychecks home 4. Industrial efficiency increased 9. What were two problems associated with prohibition? loss of taxes and very hard to enforce 10. What happened to the wartime industries after the war was over? closed down and laid off workers 11. What happened to inflation during World War 1? inflation had more than doubled 12. What happened to the wages compared to inflation during the same time in number 11? wages had not increased at the same rate as inflation 13. Why did people join Unions after World War 1? for better pay and working conditions 14. In What month and year did the Winnipeg general strike start? May 1919

2 15. Which groups went on strike? Building and metal workers 16. How many other workers went on strike to support them? 30, What was the date of bloody Saturday? June What happened on bloody Saturday? violence erupted when police charged the demonstrators, shots were fired and one workers was killed 19. What happened to workers after the strike was over? 1. Strike leaders arrested and sent to jail 2. Workers ordered to return to their jobs 3. Some workers lost jobs 4. Some workers had to promise not to join the union 5. Strike did not address the social and economic conditions faced by many people 20. When did the economy of Canada improve after World War 1? mid 1920's 21. Why did the economy of Canada improve during this time? foreign investors gained confidence in Canada and as a result new industries were opened 22. Why did Canada s pulp and paper industries do so well after World War 1? The U.s used much of its source of pulp and Canada sold theirs to them 23. What was the downside of the pulp and paper boom? Forests were destroyed and Canadas economy became dependent on raw materials 24. Why did the need for Hydro electric power increase after World War 1? New industries and houses 25. Why did Oil and gas become so important after the war? factories and the increased use of cars 26. In what year was oil discovered in Alberta? Where were a lot of the new mining discovered in Canada located? Canadian Shield 28. What was the name of young women in the 1920's? Flappers

3 29. How were they different from the generation of women before them? bobbed hair, played sports, drove cars, independent, stylish, own career, social freedom and economic independence 30. What were some of the leisure activities during the 1920's? dance marathons, beauty contests, flagpole sitting 31. What were some of the new forms of mass entertainment during the 1920's? radios, movies, sports, books, magazines 32. Who was the first to fly from New York to Paris in 33.5 hours alone? Charles Lindbergh 33. Who was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic ocean? Amelia Earhart 34. Why were religion concerned with the events of the 1920's? worried about the declining moral standards 35. How did some churches try to get their message out and get more people interested in the church? made with Hollwood flare Questions (See Smartnotes) 36. What did we say that the 1920's were a decade of? Be able to explain why an how. Continuity and change. Secondary industries grew, people moved from rural areas to the cities, increase in consumer goods, entertainment grew, railways were expanded, air travel opened the north, unions were formed, women voted and friendly relations with the United States. 37. What happened to the cost of living during world war 1? the cost of living went up (more expensive, things cost more) 38. What happened to wages during the same period? wages did not go up to mirror the cost of living and many Canadians grew poorer. 39. Why was there an economic slump after World War 1? Be able to list the four things. 1. Industries that produced weapons for the war had to be refit and people were laid off while they changed their equipment and materials to peacetime production. 2. Countries of Europe began to grow their own wheat and Canadian farmers lost their markets for their wheat 3. government removed price controls that prevented prices of goods from skyrocketing prices. 4. the economy had to absorb tens of thousands of returning soldier that had to be supported or find work.

4 40. What happened to soldiers when they returned home to Canada? they expected to come back to their jobs with steady pay but what they found was their jobs were not there for them and other jobs that they thought they might get were now taken by women who had become a prominent player in the usually male dominated workplace. 41. When was the Canadian Council of Agriculture formed? Know what it called for. it was formed in 1919 and it called for public ownership (ownership by the government on behalf of the people) of essential services such as railways and electrical power as well as for old-age pensions and widowers allowance. 42. When and where was the One Big union formed (OBU)? it was formed in 1919 in Calgary. 43. What was the (OBU) slogan? Because of the class struggle that they witnessed their slogan became " Workers of the World Unite". it hoped to win control of the industry. 44. What were the things that happened during the Winnipeg General Strike? The Government sent troops to Winnipeg to deal with the strikers, eight leaders of the strike arrested and charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government, one striker shoot and killed and a number of others injured, remaining strike leaders arrested, workers born outside of Canada were expelled and sent back to their homeland 45. What did the Royal Commission conclude about the strike? it said that the aim of the strikers had been to win the right to bargain as a group with their employers (collective bargaining) to gain better pay and to improve working conditions 46. What was the short term and long term effects of the Winnipeg General strike? Short term - it was a defeat for the workers Long Term - drew attention to the social and economic conditions that workers had to endure. It also encouraged workers and others to look to politics and new political parties for support. 47. Specifically when was the economic slump of World War 1 over? By the end of 1923 and the beginning of Know what was happening in Canada and around the world to alleviate this economic slump. the world's economy had improved and countries were buying Canadian goods. there was a demand for wheat and mining boomed as there was a demand for iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper and other precious minerals. Pulp and paper industries and the automobile industries boomed and provided many much needed jobs, production of luxury household items grew such as radios, record players, and electrical appliances like the sewing machines, washers, toasters etc, were being produced

5 49. Where was the industrial development happening in Canada? In central Canada in the Urban centers, especially Montreal and Toronto. From Windsor to Montreal cities began to become more and more industrialized and some began to specialize in one thing. 50. Which city in Canada specialized in Iron ore production during the 1920's? Hamilton - specialized in iron ore production (still known for today) 51. Which city specialized in rubber products and household items during the 1920's? Kitchener - specialized in rubber products and household items 52. Which city specialized in producing cars, trucks and automotive parts during the 1920's? Windsor - specialized in producing cars, trucks and automotive parts 53. Know why farmers and the maritime provinces did not share in the prosperity of the later 1920's? the increasing cost of the farm machinery cut into profits and many farmers were heavily in debt, increasing wheat prices attracted farmers to the west in hopes of making more money, those who moved west were inexperienced with this type of farming and soon had land that was useless and the economic prosperity they achieved was very short lived some areas like the Annapolis Valley, Halifax and Saint John there was a construction and tourism boom and pulp and paper and fishing markets revived. other areas were not so fortunate. coal mining was hit hard as there was a movement from coal to electricity, the steel industry was faced with competition from the U.S. and central Canada and railway rates increased making it more expensive for Maritime goods to get to central Canada. this forced many workers to look for work elsewhere in Canada. 54. What were some of the technologies that made life easier in the 1920's? cars, radios, stoves, irons, vacuum cleaners, toasters, sewing machines, telephones 55. Why were some of the prosperity stats of 1929? - wheat sales peaked at more than 500 million bushels selling for $ 352 Million - Canada exported more pulpwood and newsprint than the rest of the world combined - one in every two Canadian families owned a car - there were radios in Canada, up from from six years earlier - 50 % of Canadians lived in cities km of hard surfaced roads had been built 56. Name some of the leisure activities of the 1920's. movies, fashion, popular music, socializing at nightclubs (dancing and drinking), sporting events such as baseball, hockey, football, racing events, boxing, professional swimming marathons, bicycle races and rowing events

6 57. This was the name given to the most famous Canadian artists of the early twentieth century? the group of seven 58. What was the most popular form of entertainment in the 1920's? Movies, they were relatives inexpensive and a entertaining. 59. What were some of the wider opportunities for women in the 1920's? they began to play organized sports such as basket and track events, they took up a wider range of work (non-traditonal women work), they began to socialize more (smoke, drank, short hair and short dresses were becoming more common and acceptable) and more women were attending university. 60. What were some of the ways rum runners brought liquor into the United States? - specialized clothing that could hide things under dresses, in coats and in boots - baby buggies - speed boats used to elude police on the rivers - fast cars used on the Prairies - cargo ships and fast speed boats used to get alcohol to shore 62. How were children exploited in the 1920's? Children were exploited by being forced to quit school and work in factories, farms, mines and in fishing boats. "home Children" were exploited because they were sent to stay with families but had no legislation (laws) to protect them. Some families treated them well while others did not. 63. What were some of the examples of intolerance during the 1920's? - those not speaking English were made to feel unwelcome - the Orange Lodge openly supported English-speaking Protestants over those from other religious backgrounds - restaurants sometimes refused to serve visible minorities - educators and missionaries believed some races to be inferior and tried to change them to be more English - white supremacists groups such as the KKK were active - government passed racist legislation