The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

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2 Christ Church, Taita, Wellington. 1854

3 Christ Church, Taita, Wellington. 1854

4 Old St. Paul s, Wellington, 1866 The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

5 Old St. Paul s, Wellington, Frederick Thatcher, 1866

6 Parliamentary Library Front Building, Thomas Turnbull, Wellington, 1899

7 Albert Speer, Zeppelinfeld, Nuremberg, 1934

8 REVIVAL GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE BAROQUE The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

9 GOTHIC REVIVAL

10 _the Gothic tradition, originating in medieval Europe, was revived in the late 18th Century _it is one of two major traditions in Western History: the medieval vs the classical _the term gothic was coined in the Renaissance as a negative term for the Frankish church architecture that developed from the 12th Century onwards _Gothic novels, popular in the 18 th and 19 th Century, and today you could say, popular as ever with Harry Potter,!. are characterised by the following elements: the past,heroes and villains, mystery, the supernatural, setting and mood is dark and threatening [E. Murray] Frankenstein Movie, 1931, directed by James Whale, based on Mary Shelley s novel The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

11 Poster for Hollywood films, Ivanhoe 1952, and Knights of the round table, 1953

12 Poster for Hollywood films, Ivanhoe 1952, and Knights of the round table, 1953

13 From Space between People, 2008 The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

14 Still image from Myst video gaming environment, 1993-

15 Still image from Lineage II video gaming environment, 2003

16 Chartres Cathedral, begun 1194

17 Chartres Cathedral

18 Latin Cross based plan of a typical Romanesque and Gothic church with inscribed human body

19 Early Romanesque Architecture example, from: Sir Banister Fletcher, 1896

20 St Apolinare in Classe, Ravenna, 549

21 Diagram of typical cathedral, section

22 Diagram of typical cathedral, axonometric

24 Rose Window, Reims Cathedral, France, begun 13 th Century

25 Cathedral building site, and workshop [guild based]

26 Chartres Cathedral, flying buttresses and struts

27 Notre Dame de Paris, Paris, begun 1163

28 King s College Chapel, Cambridge, completed in 1515

29 Colmar Cathedral, begun 1175 Monster or babewyn hybrid sculpture type that joins human upper body with animal lower part The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

30 Colmar Cathedral

31 Colmar Cathedral

32 Gargoyles, various

33 _the Gothic tradition, originating in medieval Europe, was revived in the 19th Century _it is one of two major traditions in Western History: the medieval vs the classical _the term gothic was coined in the Renaissance as a negative term for the Frankish church architecture that developed from the 12th Century onwards _the pointed arch, flying buttresses, increased transparency and light as metaphor for the presencing of God, are main characteristics of gothic church architecture _ medieval building was organised by craft guilds and based on workshops that combined all the arts and crafts; the guilds trained the artists and protected their trade secrets _ all trades and art practices combined to create a complete considered whole: -a Gesamtkunstwerk, a total work of art The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

34 F.W.Petre, Basilica of the sacred heart, Wellington, Do we worship the blood of Bulls and goats? A.W.N. Pugin Frontispiece, The true Principles of pointed Architecture, by A.W.N. Pugin, 1841 The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

35 A.W.N. Pugin, contrasted towns, from Contrasts, 1836

36 A.W.N. Pugin, contrasted towns, from Contrasts, 1836

37 A.N.W. Pugin, Killarney Cathedral, County Kerry, Ireland, 1840s

38 Fonthill Abbey, Wiltshire, England, James Wyatt, 1796-

39 A.N.W. Pugin, Killarney Cathedral, County Kerry, Ireland, 1840s

40 Charles Barry and A.W.N. Pugin, Houses of Parliament, London,

41 A.W.N. Pugin, Lords library, 1840s

42 Henry Pether, Windsor Castle by moonlight, 1850

43 _the Gothic tradition, originating in medieval Europe, was revived in the 19th Century _it is one of two major traditions in Western History: the medieval vs the classical _the term gothic was coined in the Renaissance as a negative term for the Frankish church architecture that developed from the 12th Century onwards _the pointed arch, flying buttresses, increased transparency and light as metaphor for the presencing of God, are main characteristics of gothic church architecture _ medieval building was organised by craft guilds and based on workshops that combined all the arts and crafts; the guilds trained the artists and protected their trade secrets _ all trades and art practices combined to create a complete considered whole: -a Gesamtkunstwerk, a total work of art _ the Gothic Revival brought medievalism into the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the use of its visual language was to express virtues bound up with chivalry and medieval Christianity, in the British context it was to remind of, and aspire to a British Golden Age _today, the Gothic is often regarded as the mystical, dark, and grotesque, the organic and excess, they are often perceived to be in contrast with the classical virtues of reason, order, restraint and clarity The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

44 Michelangelo Buonarotti, Laurentian Library, S.Lorenzo, Florence, _the Baroque style developed out of the Renaissance, its Italian translation is barocco and means misshapen pearl, it references Baroque characteristics based on distorted building elements and forms of Renaissance origin The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

45 Michelangelo Buonarotti, Laurentian Library, S.Lorenzo, Florence,

46 Andrea Palladio, Villa Capra or Rotonda, Vicenza, 1570

47 Evolution of St.Peter s plan: Bramante, Peruzzi, Sangallo, Michelangelo _main formal characteristics are: architecture as sculpture, distortion of geometry and shapes based on simple platonic solids, movement, exaggeration The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

48 St. Peter s, Rome, , various Renaissance and Baroque architects _it was to induce faith; part of the Roman Catholic -initiated Counter Reformation building project The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

49 Francesco Borromini, S.Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome,

50 S.Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, plan and underlying geometry

51 S.Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, view of cupola

52 Francesco Borromini, S.Ivo alla Sapienza, RomeView of cupola and plan, The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

53 Balthasar Neumann, pilgrimage Church of Vierzehnheilligen,

54 Balthasar Neumann, pilgrimage Church of Vierzehnheilligen,

55 Gianlorenzo Bernini, St.Peter s Square,

56 Andre de Notre and Jules Hardouin-Mansart, Versailles. Palace and grounds, end of 17th Century _ used by monarchs and the church alike to express divine right to rule, to be authority on earth The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

57 Theatrum Mundi: The world as a stage The classical idea of life as a play suggests that individuals conduct themselves as actors before God and his heavenly host; the play they are performing is an enactment of their own lives and their stage is the world. The world as a stage was prevalent throughout the baroque period. The grand ceremonies of baroque rulers such as popes or kings might be seen as representing stage directions for this world theatre, and the mirror of a higher, presumably godgiven order. Louis XIV, Sun King as Apollo, 1653 The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

58 Summary: _the Gothic tradition, originating in medieval Europe, was revived in the 19th Century _it is one of two major traditions in Western History: the medieval vs the classical _the term gothic was coined in the Renaissance as a negative term for the Frankish church architecture that developed from the 12th Century onwards _the pointed arch, flying buttresses, increased transparency and light as metaphor for the presencing of God, are main characteristics of gothic church architecture _ medieval building was organised by craft guilds and based on workshops that combined all the arts and crafts; the guilds trained the artists and protected their trade secrets _ all trades and art practices combined to create a complete considered whole: -a Gesamtkunstwerk, a total work of art _ the Gothic Revival brought medievalism into the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the use of its visual language was to express virtues bound up with chivalry and medieval Christianity, in the British context it was to remind of, and aspire to a British Golden Age _today, the Gothic is often regarded as the mystical, dark, and grotesque, the organic and excess, they are often perceived to be in contrast with the classical virtues of reason, order, restraint and clarity The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

59 _the Baroque style developed out of the Renaissance, its Italian translation is barocco and means misshapen pearl, it references Baroque characteristics based on distorted building elements and forms of Renaissance origin _it was to induce faith; part of the Roman Catholic -initiated Counter Reformation building project _main formal characteristics are: architecture as sculpture, distortion of geometry and shapes based on simple platonic solids, movement, exaggeration _narrative based, scenographic and Illusionistic [optical]; the world is a stage _a unified whole by a seemless integration of wall and ceiling elements, ornamentation, sculptures and other building elements, suggesting movement and a dynamic [as opposed to static] architecture / space _ used by monarch and the church alike to express divine right to rule, to be authority on earth The Gothic Tradition and The Baroque

60 Batman, Bob Kane, 1939 for DC Comics Towers of Light, New York, 6 months post 9/11

Baroque Architecture. Arch 225

Baroque Architecture. Arch 225 Baroque Architecture Arch 225 Baroque Architecture is the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in