ELECTROCHEM ISTRY 1. 1

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1 ELECTROCHEM ISTRY Vol. 11 No. 1 Feb : (2005) , 3 1, 2 (1.,, ; 2., ) :,.,,,, TiO 2, MPa, GPa. : ; ; : O 646 : A (Ca 10 ( PO 4 ) 6 (OH ) 2 HAp ).,,. HAp,. HAp, HAp. [ 1 ], [ 2 ], - [ 3 ], [ 4 ], [ 5 ], [ 6 ] HAp.,. ( Electrophoretic deposition, EPD ) HAp [ 7, 8 ]., [ 9 ],,., ( > ). HAp, HAp,., [ 10, 11 ]. HAp, HAp,., EPD, Hayek [ 12 ] HAp,, HAp. : 10Ca (NO 3 ) (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 + 8NH 4 OH = Ca 10 ( PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 + 6H 2 O + 20NH 4 NO 3 (1) Ca (NO 3 ) 2 4H 2 O (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 (Ca /P = 1. 67), ph ( 10 11)., (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 Ca (NO 3 ) 2, ph 9., 72 h. ph 7,,,. 80, 400 : , 3 : Tel(862592) , E2mail: cjlin@ xmu. edu. cn ( ) 863 (2003AA302230)

2 XRD Fig. 1 XRD spectra of the HAp nanoparticles,. XRD (D / MAX2RC X2, R IGAKU ) FTIR (N icolet AVATAR FT2IR 360), BET ( SORPTOMATIC 1900 ) (300 ). 1. 2, : 1 1 ( 30 % ) (98% ), 1 h, h HAp,, Ti, TiO 2., ( 4 cm). HAp, ph 4., 10 V, 1 m in, 1 cm 2., 800,,. 200 /h, 2 h, 60 /h. XRD, SEM ) ( nano2indentation) [ 13 ],,. ( [ 14 ] ) [ 15 ]., 2 IR Fig. 2 IR spectra of the HAp nanoparticles, E H. (CSEM Nano2hardness Tester, Switzerland) berkovich, 100 mn. 2) ASTM F1044,, [ 16 ]. : ( FM 1000 Adhesive Film, Cytec Fiberite Inc., USA), 1 cm 2., h,.. (LR5K, LLOYD INSTRUMENT, B ritain). 5 kn, 1. 0 mm /m in HAp XRD IR. 1 XRD (JCPDS File No 92432).,. 2, IR 1.. TEM 3,, 20 nm nm, m 2 /g. 1 OH PO 4 IR Tab. 1 The bands of OH and PO 4 group s of HAp in IR pattern Group s OH PO 4 V ibrational frequencies / cm , 1091, , 565

3 1 : 69 3 TEM Fig. 3 TEM photographs of the HAp nanoparti2 cles 4 HAp XRD. 1, HAp,,,.. HAp., HAp. : 1), ; 2), TiO 2. 5 a, b HAp.,. 5c,,,., 800,.,. ( ),. 4 HAp XRD Fig. 4 The XRD pattern of the HAp coating after sin2 tering, HAp Ti,,,,,.,,., MPa, MPa.,.,,.,, GPa. 4, m 2 /g. 5 HAp ( a 200, b 50K) ( c) Fig. 5 The surface ( a 200, b 50K) and cross2section ( c) morphology of HAp coating after sintering

4 ,,,.,, ( MPa)., GPa. (R efe rence s) : [ ] J i H, Marquis P M. Effect of heat treatment on the m i2 crostructure of p lasma2sp rayed hydroxyapatite coating [ J ]. B iomaterials, 1993, 14: 64. [ 2 ] Ban S, Maruno S. Effect of temperature on electrochem2 ical deposition of calcium phosphate coatings in a simu2 lated body fluid[ J ]. B iomaterials, 1995, 16: 977. [ 3 ] Chai C S, Ben2N issan B. B ioactive nanocrystalline sol2 gel hydroxyapatite coatings [ J ]. J. Mater Sci: M ater M ed., 1999, 10: 465. [ 4 ] Yankee S J, Pletka B J, Luckey H A, et al. Processes for fabricating hydroxyapatite coatings for biomedical ap2 p lications, thermal sp ray research and app lication [A ]. Proceedings of the Third National Thermal Sp ray Confer2 ence[ C ]. California: Long Beach, [ 5 ] Knowles J C, Gross K, Bernde C C, et al. Structural changes of thermally sp rayed hydroxyapatite investigated by rietveld analysis[ J ]. B iomaterials, 1996, 17: 639. [ 6 ] Mao C, L i H, Cui F, et al. O riented growth of phos2 phates on polycrystalline titanium in a p rocess m im ic2 king biom ineralization [ J ]. J. Crystal Growth, 1999, 206: 308. [ 7 ] Sridhar T M, Mudali U K, Subbaiyan M. Preparation and characterization of electrophoretically deposited hydroxyapatite coatings on type 316L stainless steel [ J ]. Corrosion Science, 2003, 45: 237. [ 8 ] De Sena L A, De Andrade M C, Rossi A M, et al. Hydroxyapatite deposition by electrophoresis on titanium sheets with different surface finishing [ J ]. J. B iomed M ater Res., 2002, 60: 1. [ 9 ] Sarkar P, N icholson P S. Electrophoretic deposition ( EPD) : mechanism s [ J ]. Kinetics, and App lication to Ceram ics, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1996, 79 ( 8) : [ 10 ] Yeong K C B, W ang J, Ng S C. Mechanochem ical synthesis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite from CaO and CaHPO 4 [ J ]. B iomaterials, 2001, 22: [ 11 ] Kong L B, Ma J, Boey F. Nanosized hydroxyapatite powders derived from cop recip itation p rocess [ J ]. J. M ater. Sci., 2002, 37: [ 12 ] Narasaraju T S B, Phebe D E. Review: some physico2 chem ical aspects of hydroxylapatite [ J ]. J. Materials Science, 1996, 31: 1. [ 13 ] Malzbender J, W ith G de. The use of the loading curve to assess soft coatings[ J ]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2000, 127: 266. [ 14 ] Jae2Young Rho, Pharr G M. Effects of drying on the mechanical p roperties of bovine femur measured by nanoindentation[ J ]. J. Mater. Sci: Mater. M ed., 1999, 10: 485. [ 15 ] Roop Kumar, M. W ang. Functionally graded bioactive coatings of hydroxyapatite / titanium oxide composite system [ J ]. Materials Letters, 2002, 55: 133. [ 16 ] W ei M, Ruys J, Swain M V, et al. Interfacial bond strength of electrophoretically deposited hydroxyapatite coatings on metals [ J ]. J. Mater Sci. Mater Med, 1999, 10: 401. The Electrophoretic Deposition of Nano Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Surface CHEN Fei 1, L IN Chang2jian 3 1,WANG Zhou2cheng 2 (1. S tate Key L ab for Physical Chem istry of Solid Surfaces, D epartm ent of Chem istry, X iam en U niversity, X iam en , China, 2. D epartm ent of M aterials Science and Engineering, X iam en U niversity, X iam en , Ch ina)

5 1 : 71 Ab s tra c t: A hydroxyapatite coating w ith nano2structure on the roughened titanium surface was p repared by electrophoretic deposition p rocess. chem ical m ethod was used. strueture of HAp coating remains unchanged. To decrease sintering temperature the HAp nanoparticles synthesized by a wet It is observed that the coating is uniform w ithout cracks. After sintering the nano2 The surface treatment of Ti is app lied to form a distribution of small p its and TiO 2 thin layer that imp rove the adhesion of coating to Ti substrate. It is shown that the bonding strength of coating is as high as MPa. The hardness and Young s modulus are and GPa, re2 spectively. Ke y wo rd s: Hydroxyapatite, Nano coating, Electrophoretic deposition