Table of Contents. Introduction. Section 1. Section 2

Transcription

1 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page e Introduction Introduction...i Navigational and Positional Capabilities...ii The Challenge of Navigation...ii Is it a GPS or a Chartplotter?...iii Section 1 Introduction to GPS GPSs for Different Markets Definitions Boater s definitions GPS Manufacturers Definitions Aspects of Navigation Why? A Brief History of GPS The Demise of LORAN The Components of a Global Positioning System and How They Work Together The Space Segment The Operational Segment The User Segment How The GPS Unit Knows Where You Are Acquiring Position How Does the Satellite Know the Exact Time?...11 Section 2 How to use a GPS The User Interface Man Overboard (MOB) Looking Around Simulator Mode Basic Set-up True or Magnetic? Nautical or Statute Miles, Feet or Metres? Degrees & Minutes Translating 3-D Mathematics into a Chart or Map Position Latitude, Longitude and UTM Format Horizontal Datum Time Displays Voltage Indicator Digital Displays Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)...22

2 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page f 2.6 The Main Display Zoom Capabilities Satellite Transmissions Features, Functions and Capabilities of a GPS Unit Sensitivity Screen Displays Standard Symbols Icons You May Place on a Screen The GPS as a Compass Time & Distance for Two Legs of Your Trip Setting Alarms Arrival Alarms Anchor Alarm Course Deviation Indicator Alarm Avoidance Alarm Interfacing Your Unit to a PC or To a NMEA Device Installing a GPS Marine Electrical Maintenance...28 Section 3 Types of GPS units Categories of GPS The Handheld GPS Features of a Typical Handheld Fixed Mount GPS Units PDAs, Palm, Tablet PCs, Smart Phones Laptops and Desktops...32 Section 4 Waypoints and routes Global Positioning Navigational and Positional Capabilities Converting GPS Information to a Position on a Chart Charts Waypoints Setting a Pre-Trip Waypoint Mark Present Position Using a Chartplotter to Enter a Waypoint Setting Waypoints Under Way Naming Waypoints Projecting a Waypoint Editing Waypoints Routes...37

3 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page g 4.7 Grouping Waypoints into a Route Activating a route Running a Route Dangers while running a Route GPS Screens Customizing a Screen The Highway Screen The Compass Screen Cross Track Error Data or Navigational Screens The Mapping Screen Speedometer Screen Heading Home...44 Section 5 Navigation Definitions GOTO Time, Speed and ETA The Navigational Screen Using the Cross Track Navigational Screen Correcting for Cross Track Error Chartplotting versus a GPS Display Bird Dogging Key points to Remember Marine Rescue Applications Summary...53 Section 6 The Electronic Chart About Electronic Charts The Marine Paper Chart Title Block Depth Units Depth Datum Horizontal Datum Positioning Grid Traffic Separation Recommended Tracks Responsible Agencies Chart Symbols and Special Elements Production and Accuracy of Paper Charts Updating of Paper Charts The Raster Chart Electronic Charts for a Chartplotter...60

4 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page h 6.14 The Electronic Display Raster Formats Sources of Raster Data Updating Raster Data Calibration of Raster Electronic Charts User-Derived Raster Charts The Vector Chart Vector Points Vector Lines Vector Polygons Vector Points are Active Layering Preparation of a Vector Chart Comparing Raster and Vector Storage Comparisons Pros and Cons of Raster Data Pros and Cons of Vector Charts Base Maps Summary...67 Section General Chartplotting Features Scope and Magnification of the Chart Display Direction of Travel on the Screen Waypoints Sequence of Entry Storage of Additional Information Fixed Memory Capacity Naming Waypoints (continued from section 4.5.4) Aids to Navigation Routes Components of a Route A Simple Route Refining the Route Navigating the Route...75 Section 8 Electronic Charting on a Computer An Exercise using Maptech s Chart Navigator If you chose not to install any charts on your computer Using Chart Navigator Locating a Latitude/Longitude The Hand...79

5 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page i Zooming In Finding Bearing and Distance to a Location Properties Determining the Coordinates of an Object Create a Route Advantages of A Digital Chart exercise...87 Section 9 Limits of accuracy Accuracy Some Background Selective Availability (SA) DGPS WAAS WAAS or DGPS? Accuracy versus Precision Precision or GPS Error Accuracy Relative Accuracies Errors Dilution of Precision (DOP) Summary...98 Section 10 Enhanced Chartplotters Adding a Radar Display Two & Three-Dimensional Bottom Models Adding Satellite Imagery What devices may be integrated with GPS? Section 11 Tablets The Early Days Modern Times Electronic Charting Software for Tablets Operating Systems Chartplotter or Tablet? Chart Displays Inputting data Seeing Data Help Screens Zooming Editing a Route...108

6 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page j Measuring Distance Further Information Summary Section 12 Planning Your Cruise at Home Requirements Set Up Using the Program Display the Chart Toolbars Create Waypoints and Routes Route Checking Stored Lists of Waypoints and Routes The File Manager C-Weather In Conclusion Section 13 Emulators Instructions Waypoints and Marks Install the Software Using a Chartplotter Emulator on a Desktop Computer The World Chart The Cursor Zooming In Your Latitude and Longitude Creating Waypoints Routes Route Check More Detailed Charts Run the Route In Conclusion Section 14 Chartplotter Features Find Services (Port Services) Tidal Information Setting Functions Size of Icons Size of Place Names Perspective View Dynamic Nav-Aids...140

7 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page k Safety Status Bar Route Checking Pictures and Diagrams Current Prediction Tidal Celestial Page Language (MOB) Man OverBoard Marks and Waypoints Tracks Customization Trip Log NMEA Display (External Information) Alarms Simulation Weather Image Display Status Page Conclusion Section 15 Other uses for a GPS Sun/Moon Data Measuring Current/Wind Propeller Efficiency/Speed Curves A better method of running a measured mile Setting Trim Tabs Is Your Propeller Fouled? Speed in River and Tidal Currents Sailboat Tacking Compass Heading Sail Trim Replacing Racing Instruments With a GPS Tidal Waters and Leeway Leeway Due to Wind and Current Wind, Current and Tide Determination Use of Velocity Made Good Calculations Appendices Appendix 1: Latitude and Longitude...I Appendix 2: Buying a GPS...II Appendix 3: Alphabet Soup Acronyms...VIII Appendix 4: Useful References...XII Appendix 5: Glossary...XIII Appendix 6: Position Plotting Sheet...XV

8 Intro-ElecNav_Layout :43 PM Page l Appendix 7: This Course s CD...XVIII Appendix 8: Automatic Identification System (AIS)...XX Appendix 9: Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 3G, 4G, Satellite...XXIV Index Index...XXV