Accident Causation Scenarios involving the road infrastructure

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1 Accident Causation Scenarios involving the road infrastructure 28 / 02 / 06, Brussels WP 1

2 Goal Goal of Work-package 1 within RANKERS Project is to define Scenarios to be used in the continuation of the work to perform tests in real road environment 2

3 Scenario s Definition Sequence of events characterised by combinations of several situations SHEL that ends with a final event: i.e. Accident. Dynamic event 3

4 General working approach Analysis of Data Collected by mean of a taxonomy based on the SHEL structure. Retrospective studies of data trough the application of Root Cause Analyses 4

5 SHEL Structure L S H E S H Software Hardware E L Environment Liveware 5

6 SHEL Software: Rules, Laws, Regulations, Practice and Habits Hardware: Physical sources as Equipment Materials and Machines Environment: Physical, Social and Technical factors influencing Human Behaviour Liveware: Human beings 6

7 SHEL Application Software: Road rules, Driver s habits Environment: Road typology, Road conditions, Weather conditions Hardware: Car typology, Car maintenance... Liveware: Driver age, Driver gender, Driver Experience 7

8 Root Cause Analysis Root Cause Analysis: Retrospective studies of what has happened with the aim of: Reconstruct the overall scenario of accident in a temporal sequence of events; Link them in a casual and logical network; Identify the causes of each particular event of failure or inappropriate behaviour. 8

9 Working Procedure Need to collect data from real scenario accidents and to organise them in order to perform a Root Cause Analyses For this reason in RANKERS a specific task was dedicated to collect data from European Countries accident database The database is composed by: More than 300 cases for the detailed database Aggregated data for accident in dual carriageway road in six European countries for 5 years Aggregated data for accident in motorway in six European countries for 5 years 9

10 Integrated Systemic Approach for Accident Causation To explain the causes and reasons of an Event two pathways are considered: System Factors Pathway Human Factors Pathway Identification of System Failures Identification of Active Error Investigation of Contextual and Casual factors Investigation of Personal and Contextual factors 10

11 ISAAC Event EVENT Human Factors Human Pathway Factors System Factors Pathway System Factors Pathway Active Errors Active Failures System Failures Personal Factors (internal) Contextual Factors (external) Casual Factors (random) Personal Factors Contextual Factors Casual Factors Latent Errors Latent Failures Latent Errors Organisational Processes 11

12 Driver: Age sixth framework programme Factors Identification from the database of the factors referred to the 3 Safety Pillars: Familiarity with the road Gender Alcohol Drug Use of seatbelt/ helmet Vehicle: o Vehicle type o Age of vehicle o Airbag activation Other Accident information: Accident severity Accident reconstruction Accident description (reported text) Accident causation factors detected Environment: Season Day of the week Hour of the day Type of road Road conditions Weather Light conditions Traffic density General environmental conditions 12

13 Next step Perform statistical analysis on the data (multiple linear regression) Perform accident investigation to highlight some common features to accidents. Provide the experimenters with detailed information to be included in the experimental protocol 13

The application of root cause analysis for definition of scenarios in automotive domain

The application of root cause analysis for definition of scenarios in automotive domain M. Alonso (2) ; L. Macchi (1) ; M. Marchitto (3) ; J. Plaza (2) (1)European Commission Joint Research Centre, IPSC