PACS: Bc, Dc, Fg, r

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1 * 1)2) 1)2) 1)2) 1)2) 1)2) 1)2) 1) (, ) 2) (, ) ( ; ) -,,.,, ;, /,.,.,., 84.3%,, -. :,,, PACS: Bc, Dc, Fg, r 1. [1] [2 7]. [8 13], /., 120, 150.,,, 60.9%, 375%., 40.3% (12.5 MPa).,.,,,,.,. [10] :,, /,,,..,., 120,,,., * (: ) (: 2008AA06Z201) (: ) (: 11CXY32). qinfengd@sina.com c 2012 Chinese Physical Society

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4 Ô n Æ Acta Phys. Sin. Vol. 61, No. 14 (2012) B âán +»C r0λ = r0 dp, Äw Ý k»c r0λ = r0 + λ dp. Ïd, 9 ) w Ý udb âán 5 Ôn+»~, Ò uo\ k», l ~{ 8. { 3.2 òb á Ñ3g YÄ Ñ, ^p ZzÅ 10 min, ±(U Ý, ò Ñþ!. ½ ÚíY (3%NH4 Cl YM ) U,ñ%]! \B â Ñ, \YúG ð E [26]. B â3ñ% 3 B âyä Ñ V ~{Å y á 3.1 òñ% Ñ, \ ½ Ý ð Ì YúG, ÀW ½ m ÑZH. ', ò ñ% 3B âhä Ñ?n, ZH. ^B á ²L U5 xú "G B SiO2, ²?» B SiO2 âl 3 þ Ø Úí þ án ñ% L ( ÿá(j Û 3.3 ã 5(a) Úã 5(b) O àñl Ú3B, kûð ÕY5U. ^B á g1ï ShuNP2-10, â» 10 nm. ² âyä Ñ E 10 h ñ L > ß >º* ( ã 4), B N ½.(, ºì. dã 5(a), àñl k1w G â Ù þ!, k þìàn 3, Ü â = Ô±9 þ GÅè Ô, c ², ± ý G. ß/w ñ%sü Ó+, N ñ% A:. dã 5(b), ánb â, ñ L B âcx, B âán' ;, ²wØ ñ N, NþE,±ñ ( A. (JL², YÄ Ñ B â ± ; /án3ñ Ï 9 þ. ã 6 ØÓÀW m^ eñ% L SEM ÿ Á ( J. l ã ± w Ñ, ² L 48 h Ú 96 h À W ^, ñ% L E,Ù B â, `²B âánäkv rý. l ã 6(b) ±wñ, ñ%l án ã4 B á ß >ºì B âán àn, ù, 3áN þ K 3Ü B ì ìàn nm m, u ÀW c L ìàn ( ã 5(b)). ã5 B âyä Ñ?nc ñ L ( /m (a) àñl ( 3000); (b) án B â ñ L ( 5000)

5 Ô n Æ Acta Phys. Sin. Vol. 61, No. 14 (2012) ã6 ØÓÀW mñ L SEM ÿá(j (a) ÀW 48 h > ÿá(j Û 3.4 â) ïä(j âán / [10], ÕYB ², ) Ð ~{ J. ã 7 3ü«B â Ñ E ñ% > ÿá(j. dã 7(a), ²B, ñ% L Ly ²w rõy5, ²þ > dã 7(b), ² B âyä Ñ?n > = 28.8, áâ., ñ% Ð ²þ Y%3ñ%L é lã 5 Úã 6 ², ²B âyä ã7 ñ L ( 40000), B â3ñ% L u) N, Ïdù y `² 3ÕYB âán U 3L ¹5J. ã 8 Ñ á L ²LØÓÀW màw ü ñ% ²þ > ÿá(j, O Ú , = XÀW m O\, ñ L > 3ÅÚO. dd ±ä½, Õ YB âán L án L ¹5J, XÀW m O\, ù«l ¹5JÅì ÀW ZÀ. ù y ²B âyä Ñ?n ñ% L 3 B âúl ¹5JV á N íä. ánb âñ% L > (a) hä Ñ (ã > ); (b) YÄ Ñ (ã > 28.8 ) ã8 ñ L ( 20000); (b) ÀW 96 h Ñ?n, Ù > ò r/ ÕYY âhä Ñ?n ØÓÀW m ñ% L > (a) ÀW 48 h, ã > ; (b) ÀW 96 h, ã >

6 3.5,,. 1 /10 3 µm 2 /% , 84.3%, 190.9%, ) -., ;,, /. 2), :,.,,. [1] Barthlott W, Neinhuis C 1997 Planta [2] Choi C, Ulmanella U, Kim J, Ho C, Kim C 2006 Phys. Fluids [3] Choi C H, Westin K J A, Breuer K S 2003 Phys. Fluids [4] Cottin B, Barrat C J L, Bocquet L, Charlaix E 2003 Nat. Mater [5] Gogte S, Vorobieff P, Truesdell R, Mammoli A, van Swol F, Shah P, Brinker C J 2005 Phys. Fluids [6] Ou J, Perot B, Rothstein J P 2004 Phys. Fluids [7] Truesdell R, Mammoli A, Vorobieff P, van Swol F, Brinker C J 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett [8] Gu C Y, Di Q F, Fang H P 2007 J. Hydrodyn [9] Di Q F, Gu C Y, Shi L Y, Fang H P 2007 Dril. Produc. Technol (in Chinese) [,,, ] [10] Di Q F, Shen C, Wang Z H, Gu C Y, Shi L Y, Fang H P 2009 Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese) [,,,,, ] [11] Gu C Y, Di Q F, Shi L Y, Wu F, Wang W C, Yu Z B 2008 Acta Phys. Sin (in Chinese) [,,,,, ] [12] Zhang R L, Di Q F, Wang X L, Gu C Y 2010 J. Hydrodyn [13] Zhang R L, Di Q F, Wang X L, Gu C Y 2011 Chin. J. Comput. Phys (in Chinese) [,,, ] [14] Wang X L, Di Q F, Zhang R L, Gu C Y 2010 Adva. Mech (in Chinese) [,,, ] [15] Gu C Y, Di Q F, Shen C, Wang Z H, Shi L Y, Wang X L 2011 Petroleum Exploration and Development (in Chinese) [,,,,, ] [16] Wang S R, Li X G, Liu D Z 2010 Surfactant Chemistry (Beijing: Chemical Industry Press) p41 (in Chinese) [,, 2010 ( : ) 41 ] [17] Li F C, Kawaguchi Y, Yu B, Wei J J, Hishida K 2008 International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer [18] Zhang H X, Wang D Z, Chen H P 2009 Arch. Appl. Mech [19] Voronov R S, Papavassiliou D V 2008 Ind. Eng. Chem. Res [20] Rothstein J P 2010 Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech [21] Huang D M, Sendner C, Horinek D 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett [22] Gao P, Geng X G, Ou X L, Xue W H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin (in Chinese) [,,, ] [23] Gong M G, Xu X L, Yang Z 2010 Chin. Phys. B [24] Yang Z, Xu X L, Gong M G 2010 Chin. Phys. B [25] Li D, Di Q F, Li J Y, Qian Y H, Fang H P 2007 Chin. Phys. Lett [26] Wang X L, Di Q F, Zhang R L, Gu C Y, Wang Z H 2010 Petroleum Drilling Techniques (in Chinese) [,,,, ]

7 Dual drag reduction mechanism of water-based dispersion with hydrophobic nanoparticles in core microchannel and experimental verification Wang Xin-Liang 1)2) Di Qin-Feng 1)2) Zhang Ren-Liang 1)2) Gu Chun-Yuan 1)2) Ding Wei-Peng 1)2) Gong Wei 1)2) 1) ( Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai , China ) 2) ( Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy and Environment Engineering, Shanghai , China ) ( Received 17 October 2011; revised manuscript received 26 December 2011 ) Abstract Dual drag reduction mechanisms of water-based dispersion with nanoparticle is proposed. A contrastive study is take to verify the mechanism, in which the changes of surface microstructure and wettabilities of the core slices take place before and after treating by dispersion with hydrophobic nanoparticles and scouring by water. The results show that the surface of core slice which is treated by water-based dispersion with hydrophobic nanoparticles has strong hydrophilic property, and a compact nanoparticle adsorption layer forms on it. The nanoparticle adsorption layer still exists after scouring, but the core slice surface is changed into strong/super hydrophobic, reflecting that the surfactants which are adsorbed on the nanoparticles adsorption layer surface are gradually cleaned. The water-based dispersion with hydrophobic nanoparticles are mainly manifested as the chemical surfactant drag reduction effect during initial injection. With the injection continued, the mechanical drag reduction induced by the slip effect of super hydrophobic surface is reflected mainly. Core displacement results show that the water-phase effective permeability could increase about 84.3% on average. The results strongly confirm the dual drag reduction mechanism of the water-based dispersion with hydrophobic nanoparticles. Keywords: hydrophobic nanoparticles, dispersion, dual drag reduction mechanism, core microchannel PACS: Bc, Dc, Fg, r * Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No ), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2008AA06Z201), the Key Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, China (Grant No ), Shanghai Program for Innovative Research Team in Universities, Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. 11CXY32) and Program for Shanghai Outstanding Leader. qinfengd@sina.com

Nano-pore structure characterization of shales using gas adsorption and mercury intrusion techniques

Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2014, 6(4):850-857 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Nano-pore structure characterization of shales using