Hiukkavaara Sustainable Northern Winter City Integrative Urban Development Concept INURDECO and energising city plan for Hiukkavaara centre

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1 Hiukkavaara Sustainable Northern Winter City Integrative Urban Development Concept INURDECO and energising city plan for Hiukkavaara centre Leena Kallioniemi, kaavoitusarkkitehti, Inurdeco -projektipäällikkö

2 Content of introduction Background What is INURDECO? Integrative urban development consept and The energising city plan for Hiukkavaara centre - Tools Winter city Flexible city plan Involving art and experiences in the city plan process Block models Participation and 3D modelling Hiukkavaara s Arctic Smart City Living Lab - Pilots Innovative Plot allocation and land-use policy Energy goals as a part of climate-consiuous city planning Hiukkavaara centre - City plan 2015 Working process of the integrative city plan

3 Hiukkavaara Largest new city district in Northern Finland Ritaharju distric centre Former military area. Land was transferred to the City of Oulu in Centre of Oulu Hiukkavaara distric centre Kaakkuri distric centre Hiukkavaara is the most significant site of future construction and investment of the City of Oulu. Oulu s distric centre, which will provide services to the approximately 40,000 inhabitants of the eastern and northeastern parts of the City of Oulu. The Hiukkavaara distric centre is about 7 km from the city centre of Oulu. Extensive and versatile municipal, commercial and private services and workplaces. Inhabitants in Hiukkavaara in ,441 Inhabitants in Hiukkavaara according to population estimate: in ,827 in ,286 District centre of Oulu Hiukkavaara centre, city plan 2015 Planning area of INURDECO development project Estimate of population growth according to outline plan in ,000

4 Hiukkavaara Outline plan Planning of the outline of Hiukkavaara was launched in 2006 on the basis of the 2020 master plan for Oulu. The City Council approved the outline plan for Hiukkavaara on 21 April 2008 as a guide to be followed in the creation of the city plan. Scope of the area about hectares. No city plan for the area. For about 20,000 inhabitants For about 10,000 apartments For about 1,800 jobs Majority of the land is owned by the City of Oulu. Old area of Hiukkavaara is located in a former garrison area of the Defence Forces. The former garrison buildings are owned by Sponda and Senaatti-Kiinteistöt. The former staff apartments of the area are housing companies. The former garrison buildings now house companies, workspaces, studios for artists and hundreds of bands, and recreational facilities. The former garrison area is an important cultural and historical site; this will be considered in the future detailed planning of the area.

5 Hiukkavaara s strategic path Hiukkavaara s Arctic Smart City Living Lab City plan for Hiukkavaara centre (2015) INKA program Arctic Smart City (2014) Oulu s service model 2020 and organization program (2013) City of Oulu s ownership policies (2013) Stategy of the City of Oulu (2013) Development projects (2012) INURDECO, RESCA yms. Hiukkavaara s project portfolio Acquisition policy program of the City of Oulu (2011) Hiukkavaara Experiences and starting points, elements of identity and image, concept and strategic choices -report (2011) Energy policies of New Oulu (2011) Development approach and development programs of the City of Oulu (2010) Outline plan of Hiukkavaara (2008) City planning, Future living environments and KERVO -projects Oulu s Master Plan 2020 target plan (2003) Environmental plan of the City of Oulu (2014) EnergyWIse built Oulu Oulu s ERA17 roadmap (2012) Report of Oulu Triple Helix task force (2007)

6 Hiukkavaara city planning, construction and plot allocation 2 Military protection zone 1 Kivikkokangas, planned in About 2,500 inhabitants and about 1,050 apartments Public utilities are nearly completed, people live in the district Construction of RESCA eco village began in autumn Kiulukangas, planned in About 1,200 inhabitants and about 650 apartments Public utilities constructed in autumn of Plot allocation started 8/ Soittajankangas, Vaskikangas and multifunctional centre, planned in About 1,700 inhabitants and 670 apartments Public utilities constructed in autumn of Plot allocation started in 02/ Hiukkavaara centre INURDECO planning area Hiukkavaara centre, planned in About 3,900 inhabitants and about 2,100 apartments Public utilities constructed in autumn of Plot allocation autumn in Multi-purpose house opens in autumn 2017 INURDECO development project Areas 1-6 are planned first, after which sections 7-9 are planned 5 Old Hiukkavaara, planning started in 2015 about 2,000 inhabitants and about 1,000 apartments 6 Area of Sarvikangas Not scheduled

7 Provisions for services in Hiukkavaara centre Hiukkavaara district centre will in the long run provide services to the approximately 40,000 inhabitants of the entire eastern and northeaster district. Services will also be located on the Old Hiukkavaara side. Services to be located in Hiukkavaara centre: Commercial services - Grocery store 8,700 sqm - Specialty retail shop 3,900 sqm Multi-purpose house - school - daycare - facilities for young people Library Wellness centre - Health centre 2,000 sqm - social and health care services 3,000 sqm 12,600 sqm 15,000 sqm 1,000 sqm 5,000 sqm Sports and recreation 25,000 sqm - Indoor pool 5,000 km² - Indoor ice rink for training 6,000 sqm - Private gym for ball sports and fitness centres 14,000 sqm - Sports fields - Multifunction park for sport/exercise Sacral facilities Provisions for services in residential areas à 1,000 sqm Workplaces - 1,800 (part of them in Old Hiukkavaara side) Service housing Dog park Area for urban farming 2,100 sqm 2,000 sqm

8 Regional identity of Hiukkavaara, Vision development 2011 HIUKKAVAARA A northern winter city a human-sized, sustainable forerunner Working together Low threshold Age-independent Self-initiated Caring Energy efficient Services nearby Living Lab development platform A brave, experimental innovator Synergy of the seasons Respecting the nature A model city in the northern hemisphere Diversity of the Northern environment Architecture of a snow city City of Oulu / Movense Oy Ltd

9 What is Hiukkavaara cente like? The area is being built and planned into a forerunner of northern planning and construction, which is an interesting showcase of Oulu for private and public entities to the rest of the world. Extract from INURDECO project plan. The goal is a modern, sustainable and unique city centre with lots of character, and with a strong sense of identity. Extract from idea competition for Hiukkavaara centre in Modeling Arkkitehdit m3 Oy

10 Integrative Urban Development Consept - INURDECO Hiukkavaara centre Sustainable northern winter city Joint project with the following participants: - City of Oulu (Urban and Environmental services/city planning as a project initiator and co-ordinates collaboration - University of Oulu (Faculty of Architecture, International Business Management Institute of Oulu Business School, and the Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory) - Hartela-Forum Oy - Skanska Talonrakennus Oy - Sonell - Oulun Energia (financier) Funded by: TEKES (the Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation), ERDF (Europan Regional Development Fund) and Participants Total budget of project: about 2,050,000 City of Oulu: 320,000, of which TEKES support 139,000 and funding by the City 181,000 University of Oulu: 864,000, of which ERDF support 777,600 Hartela: 461,925, of which TEKES support 161,000 and internal financing 300,925 Skanska: 247,322, of which TEKES support 86,500 and internal financing 160,822 Sonell: 157,000, of which TEKES support 78,500 and internal financing 78,500 Oulun Energia: 50,000 support to the University Schedule of project implementation: City of Oulu and Hartela-Forum Oy: 06 Nov Feb 2015 University of Oulu : 6 Nov Jun 2014 Skanska Talonrakennus Oy and Sonell : 6 Nov Sep 2014 COOPERATION FROM THE VERY BEGINNING OF CITY PLANNING TO SERVE BETTER THE END-USERS INURDECO; INtegrated URban DEvelopment COncept

11 Hiukkavaara centre sustainable northern winter city Integrative Urban Development Consept INURDECO Why? 1. Change in energy legislation: The City of Oulu is responding to tighter energy laws and regulations, such as: More stringent energy regulations and laws 2012 (consideration of total energy consumption), 2019 (new public buildings zero-energy) and 2021 (all new buildings zero-energy) - ERA 17, Time for energy-smart built environment 2017; Ministry of the Environment, Sitra and Tekes EU s goals ( greenhouse gases, use of renewable energy sources, reduction in consumption of primary energy through improved energy efficiency) - ERA 17, Oulu s roadmap Energy-smart Oulu Planning for northerly conditions: The City of Oulu is seeking the role of the Capital of Northern Scandinavia in the Northern Hemisphere, which is increasing its importance. 3. Attractive city districts and residential environments: The City of Oulu is creating new attractive residential environments in partnership with the developers to respond to increasing competition between regions. 4. Oulu s economic situation and the ongoing structural change: The City of Oulu is looking for new ways of doing things that would enable the creation of new jobs. models could include open development platforms like Hiukkavaara (Living Lab). These operating

12 INURDECO development plan Results of City of Oulu Integrative city development and energising city plan Winter city strategy and winter city planning Multichannel participation and digital tools Flexible city plan Involving art and experiences in the city plan process Housing of the future Block models Energy goals Innovative land-use policy and plot allocation Living Lab agreements, practices and models

13 Reports, studies, final projects and theses Reports that are part of the City of Oulu s INURDECO project Other reports, studies and final projects done while city plan was made

14 Integrative urban development consept - Energizing city plan for the Hiukkavaara centre - Tools

15 Winter city

16 Winter city strategy Winter city planning Why? Is this what we city planners wish for? Eternal summer?

17 Winter city strategy Winter city planning Why? This is the reality for several months of the year out? Turn a disadvance into an advantage Winter city life Winter planning Economy of winter Story of winter

18 Winter city strategy Five seasons 1. WHY? Starting points and goals How could the notrherly Oulu benefit from winter in terms of image, and in particular how could the new district of Hiukkavaara be built into an international forerunner of northern construction? 2. HOW? Strategic choices How to turn the features of winter into regional strengths? 3. WHAT? Actions What strategic choices could help achieve the most sustainable and impressive winter city for the future? Termal winter in Oulu 160 days FIVE ACTIONS Autumn colors, berries, mushrooms, hunting, harvest Blue twilight, stars, Christmas, winter lights, slush Snow, ice, freezing temperaturs, illuminance sun, illuminance 1. Communication story of winter Long bright days and nights 2. People winter life in a norther winter city 3. Planning for winter, implementation, use, maintenance, energy and energy efficiency 4. Winter events and experiences / tourism 5. Winter as a creator of vitality / business operations

19 Perspectives on planning a winter city provoking ideas Table of contents 1. Introduction 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Why winter? 2. Concepts and starting points of climate-oriented planning 2.1. Micro and macro climate 2.2. Bioclimatic planning 2.3. Winter in Finland 3.General instructions 3.1. Solar conditions Use of solar energy in Oulu 3.2. Wind conditions 3.3. Vegetation and plantings 3.4. Winter maintenance 3.5. Built shelters 3.6. Colours and materials 3.7. Lighting 4. Instructions for each object of planning 4.1. Planning tools 4.2. Structural models 4.3. Regional plan 4.4. Blocks 4.5. Yards 4.6. Buildings 4.7. Streets 4.8. Walking and bicycling 4.9. Parking areas Parks Open spaces/squares Recreational areas 5. Special themes 5.1. Playgrounds and winter 5.2. Access for the disabled and winter 5.3. Winter bicycling 5.4. Art and city culture in a winter city : Planning guidelines for winter and public areas

20 Flexible city plan Problem Rigidity of planning process limits implementation planning and factor that slows down implementation Construction of planned area over a very long period the plan no longer meets needs that have changed over time However: if there are very few provisions, how can it be possible to guarantee the achievement of the desired cityscape and and quality? Comparison of Traditional and Open What, whom and why does the city plan control or guide? How is the type of planning task or conditions of the area reflected in the need for control or guidance? Are there things which could use less control or guidance? (cf. Content requirements of plan)? What kinds of degrees of freedom are desired and where? What kinds of things can change over time and therefore should not be overly guided? Where and how does the guidance and monitoring of plans and construction take place? Mission: more flexible city plan and planning process City plan Plot allocation Detailed guidelines for building Incentives Quality Collaboration Photo: University of Oulu

21 Involving art and experiences in the city plan process

22 Hiukkavaara centre block models Inurdeco partners Joint planning during city planning work. Three developers with different starting points of development. Hartela-Forum Oy / Arkkitehtitoimisto Veli-Karjalainen Oy Sonelle Oy / Arkkitehtitoimisto Juhani Romppainen Oy Skanska Talonrakennus Oy / Arkkitehtitoimisto HML Oy Hiukkavaara s parking research, Ramboll Oy ja Arkkitehtitoimisto Laatio Oy

23 Hiukkavaara centre block models University of Oulu Three master s theses and one other plan.

24 Participation and 3D modelling

25 Development of participation Goals: Right information for planning from participants at the right time Improvement of flow of information and opportunities to influence Fewer daims and appeals Boosting the quality of the final result, cost savings Testing the suitability of different methods Life-cycle model: planning, building control, maintenance Methods: Participation plan for city planning study and survey Workshops, idea days Virtual modelling as a tool for planning and interaction study Cave virtual space, city model watched with 3D glasses Online 3D applications realxtend and Unity PATIO web developer forum, discussions and surveys > test group became familiar with the city model Questionnaires with UBI displays Companies own surveys, letter questionnaire Hiukkavaara Piknik: panel discussions and workshops

26 Points of participation Mission: To create a city model that serves planning and construction from the very beginning of city planning

27 Participation plan Starting point: better participation in planning, especially in early stage, by interest groups such as users, inhabitants and companies Identified involved parties, necessary interaction, its timing and methods suitable for the situation Most popular ways of receiving information according to survey (98%): web pages, social media, open 3D virtual model The participation plan makes it easier to control and manage the interactivity of the extensive plan. For example, announcements, surveys, events and workshops can be timed in a way that enables optimal use of feedback in plans and goals. The participation plan illustrates the progress of a plan to local residents and tells when and how participation and influence are possible. Parties to the participation may be active or passive. Traditionally the interaction related to city planning has been announcements of predetermined issues, which participants may comment on or appeal. Now the aim is to have a greater variety of ways of participation in which both parties are active. Image: Oulu City Planning

28 3D modelling as a tool 1. Use strategy way to use a 3D model in interaction (why?) 2. Technology strategy how are virtual models made? 3. Development strategy how to develop usage? Future development: Management, uniformity, maintenance, ordering of city model Pilots could be use of a 3D model in plot allocation and building permits Spatial information, features of the model Links to more detailed building and interior models Web and mobile applications, electronic services and business activity, interactive digital platform, augmented reality, open data City of Oulu Virtual modelling as a tool for planning and participation Hiukkavaara as a pilot case

29 Cave virtual laboratory City model of the Hiukkavaara centre as seen with 3D glasses in the Cave virtual space Presentations to test groups (PATIO web forum) and the media >supported feedback received elsewhere, for example the centre of the city district is easy to navigate Plan draft 2014: presented to the urban committee, stakeholders and residents of the municapality City plan proposal 2015 Positive feedback

30 realxtend model Exploration with an avatar is possible in the 3D-model Draft proposal in 3D in Cave virtual space was presented. Opened for use by participants online in June Not in operation now. The model became heavy. Interactive Unity 3D application 3D server and maintenance: Evocons Oy Feedback on plans can be submitted in 3D model City plan proposal in 3D was presented in Cave virtual space Open for use by participants on the Internet in February hiukkavaara3d.ouka.fi Common rules are needed for modelling accuracy in a preliminary plan, draft city plan and city plan proposal 3D model: Osuuskunta Spawn Point and BelleGames Oy, application: BelleGames Oy

31 Hiukkavaara s Arctic Smart City Living Lab Pilots

32 Oulu Living Labs 1. The OuluHealth ecosystem is being created into an internationally attractive cluster of health and wellness that produces individual health care solutions by combining a high level of research, technology and operating models of a new generation of social and health care. Several providers of health and wellness services, education, research centres, development activity and companies have been located in the OuluHealth Campus. Oulu has the national responsibility for leading the INKA program in the theme of Health of the future Construction of a smart city. In Oulu the definition of smart city will be given in more detail in the strategy Roadmap to intelligence in Oulu 2020 to be made in Earlier the focus has been agreed in the Innovative Cities program in the buildings and facilities of the future, in which the built environment operates as a development platform that produces innovations. At the moment, smart city solutions have been implemented and will be implemented in the construction of the new urban district of Hiukkavaara, among others, ( and in the modernization of the Karjasilta school area. Additional sites will be published later. A large initiative in the development of a smart city will be an investment in 5G technology. 3. Oulu s Innovation Alliance collaboration agreement is a strategic agreement formed in 2009 by the City of Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, VTT and Technopolis Oyj; this agreement continues the long legacy of collaboration in the region. In 2015 the agreement was joined by Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE). The goal is a collaboration environment that combines science, research and business sectors that generates business operations and jobs from research and innovations. The fields of activity are internet research (CIE), printed electronics (PrintoCent), international business (MAI), health and wellness technology (centre for Health and Technology, CHT) and the environment and energy (Centre for Environment and Energy, CEE). The collaboration has enabled the creation of test environments that produce innovations, new companies, new business activity, common development projects and collaboration between partners.

33 Hiukkavaara Arctic Smart City Living Lab concept 1/2 The concept of the Smart Arctic City Living Lab in Hiukkavaara can be described through the following questions and brief answers. 1. What is Living Lab? Living Lab makes it possible to develop products and services together with users in genuine usage situation in everyday life. Users operate as everyday innovators. 2. What is Hiukkavaara s Living Lab and where is it used? An ecosystem that combines planning, construction and ICT experts, research communities and companies. The Hiukkavaara Living Lab is an innovation platform in which companies develop new products to create new jobs for Northern Finland together with the City and the educational and research sector. 3. What are the themes/contents and special know-how of the Living Lab of Hiukkavaara? The goal is to focus on sustainable and energy-efficient city planning that is suitable for arctic and extreme conditions (winter city of five seasons) and on the development of construction. Later another theme that can be added is service development related to a regional centre. 4. What are the services offered in the Living Lab of Hiukkavaara? Piloting and innovation environment, which includes e.g. a fast service test platform, online interaction is possible, assessment of usability, mapping of user needs, creating or testing of prototypes, assessment and productification of product and service concepts. The final services offered will be defined on the basis of practical measures. 5. Who are operating in the Living Lab of Hiukkavaara? Through a collaboration method to be agreed separately, for instance: City of Oulu, Business Oulu (public business utility), Oulu University of Applied Sciences and University of Oulu. Additionally there may be selected short or long-term partners such as VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, companies and organizations. The Oulu Innovation Alliance, Centre of Energy and Environment (CEE) and Centre of Internet Excellence (CIE) could direct their operations to Hiukkavaaran Arctic Smart City Living Lab.

34 Hiukkavaara Arctic Smart City Living Lab consept 2/2 6. What are the first pilot cases of the Living Lab of Hiukkavaara? -Construction of RESCA area of Kivikkokangas and monitoring of results Result: new energy solutions in detached houses (companies new products) and the monitoring of their effects. -The Soittajankangas residential area located in the south part of Hiukkavaara Centre (city plan year 2014). Result: consideration of new winter city solutions in planning and implementation, permeable surfaces and shared waste management. -City plan of Hiukkavaara centre and INURDECO sustainable northern winter city project (Tekes) in and implementations after this. Result: among other things, new concept energy blocks (new products of companies), energy plan, interactive 3D user interface for city space and winter city strategy and planning monitoring and implementation. -The city planning and implementation of the next phases of Hiukkavaara in the spirit of Living Lab from 2015 onwards. -Multi-purpose house of Hiukkavaara Result: Innovative public procurement and new concept learning environments. -Service innovations with the commissioning of Hiukkavaara. 7. Who manages and ows Hiukkavaara Living Lab? Led by : For example BusinessOulu, who is responsible for the development of the city s economy. The operations required excellent collaboration and interaction with other branches of administration. In particular, Urban and Environemental services and Central Administration in collaboration. Owned by: For example City of Oulu, Oulu University of Applied Sciences and the University of Oulu and possibly companies. 8. What is the funding model of the Living Lab of Hiukkavaara? The City s budget allocations (for example service company) and external sources of funding, or for example projects through various funding programs. 9. What is the schedule of the Hiukkavaara Living Lab? The annual breakdown of the timetable is based on schedules of funding programs. Years , , and Operations are reviewed every three years. 10. How can the Hiukkavaara Living Lab be made into a permanent operating model that is maintained by the City of Oulu? For example, the City of Oulu approves the operating model of Arctic Smart City Hiukkavaara (including organization) and strategy. For example, by allocating regular basic funding for the Hiukkavaara Living Lab. A service company can be established to handle the implementation of selected themes.

35 Hiukkavaara s Living Lab, Pilots Procurement of Hiukkavaara s multipurpose house using an alliance model Engagement of citizens and companies in planning (inquiries, PATIO, UBI, CAVE 3D model etc.) Hybrid blocks in the Hiukkavaara centre Shared collection points of Soittajakangas waste collection in Hiukkavaara Surfaces of street squares in Soittajakangas in Hiukkavaara are permeable to water Dimensioning for snow space of a winter city Town Houses in Centre of Hiukkavaara Energy blocks in Hiukkavaara centre Resca Pilot area: Innovations in energy technology and building technology, plus and zeroenergy buildings and measurements and modellings (13 construction companies)

36 Phases of Living Lab pilot describet trough INURDECO How can companies get involved? The city organization must have agreed procedures for seeking partners. The procedures must be communicated clearly to potential partners. Examples: - City plan phase - Plot allocation phase - Procurement phase Taken as permanent operating model

37 Innovative plot allocation and land-use policy

38 Oulu is an affordable place to live Figure 1. Prices of new homes /m² (Source:STH-group Oy Figure 3. Prices of used homes /m² (Source: Statistics Finland

39 Hiukkavaara co-operation agreement, plot allocation There was an open invitation for the selection of entrepreneurs of the INURDECO development project. First there were five different companies involved; two of them dropped out during project planning. The goal is to find incentives for development and improve quality. Development themes Co-operation, development role Energy efficiency related to commercial construction, possibilities for utilizing excess energy Energy efficiency and modelling of plans Incentives Co-operation planning Head-start over other builders, plots will not be allocated to others until early 2017 or thereafter 15% rent relief if parking is planned structurally in either basements or under courtyard decks. Develop planning tools utilizing the virtual world (3D) Social media channels -> consideration of end users in planning process How to get partners to build and design a quality and innovative city environment?... The aspect of innovative land-use policy and plot allocation was not fully completed during the INURDECO development project due to resource shortages. Development has continued.

40 Energy goals as part of climate-conscious city planning

41 Energy and climate goals of the City of Oulu Energy and climate questions are one of the key challenges which have to be dealt with on the municipal level, and which can be influenced by all parties of the city community. There is an increasing amount of international goals and decisions behind environmental issues; the national execution of these has been assigned to the municipal level either through legislation or various commitments and agreements. The Environmental Program of the City of Oulu (2014) is an implementation of the strategic policy Sustainability of the environment and integrity of the urban structure, which contains the following policies: City grows in a sustainable manner Vibrant and attractive city centre and multi-faceted areas that support customer-oriented forms of housing and a more dense/intact urban structure Relative share of public transportation, bicycling and walking grows Climate Strategy of the Oulu Region (2009) gives objectives and key ways to curb climate change and to adapt to climate change. The aim of the strategy is a permanent reduction of greenhouse gases. A wide range of means will be used to implement the climate strategy through numerous programs and measures. Other key commitments that steer the climate strategy into concrete measures includes Oulu s ERA 17 roadmap (2011).

42 A city plan that realises climate objectives Kimmo Lylykangas, Pekka Lahti, Tuukka Vainio (2013) A half of the energy production and demand will be decided during the urban planning phase! NATIONAL LAND USE GUIDELINES NATIONAL LAND USE GUIDELINES REGIONAL LAND USE PLAN REGIONAL LAND USE PLAN MASTER PLAN MASTER PLAN CITY PLAN CITY PLAN CONSTRUCTION PLANNING CONSTRUCTION PLANNING USER USER ACTUAL EMISSIONS AVERAGE EMISSIONS ACTUAL EMISSIONS AVERAGE EMISSIONS LOW CO 2 e EMISSIONS HIGH CO 2 e EMISSIONS LOW CO 2 e EMISSIONS HIGH CO 2 e EMISSIONS A continuum between different planning levels is needed In order to achieve the objectives. Flow of information plays a key role.

43 Energy effiency, assessments of climate impacts Outline plan of Hiukkavaara 2008 The criteria of efficiency were reviewed on the basis of Oulu s master plan 2020 General plans for streets, environment and public utilities, storm water, which also include energy, district heating for entire area Kivikkokangas 2011 Planning project traditional, below are the general plans for streets, environment and public utilities Development projects during and after the planning project: Housing and work environments of the future preliminary study project ( ). In the project: Value chains of a sustainable community (KERVO, ). Pilot area for renewable energy for project called RESCA, Renewable Energy Sources in City Areas ; district heating was not included to the pilot area-> decision when city plan was already complete Buildings of the future and renewable energy Soittajankangas, Vaskikangas and multifunctional centre 2014 of Hiukkavaara centre Lessons from Kivikkokangas in the city plan, in addition to ordinary general plans for streets, environment and public utilities, during the city plan draft phase: Preliminary study of waste management, Oulu Hiukkavaara, based on Ramboll > General plan for waste management as the basis for the city plan Separate report: Evaluation of climate impacts of south part and core of Hiukkavaara centre, Oy Eero Paloheimo Ecocity Ltd, > Detailed guidelines for building contain energy guidance for selecting the energy form INURDECO: Consideration of active and passive energy in the city planning and construction planning phases in the city district of Oulu, Lylykangas (2014). -> Detailed guidelines for building contain guidance, plan gives flexibility to turn the directions of buildings Hiukkavaara centre 2015 Lessons learnt and content from Kivikkokangas, Soittajakangas and Vaskikangas into the city plan Testing of different programs for computing energy and emissions (KURKE, Ilta, Leed and Casbee) INURDECO: Calculations by the University of Oulu and builders and energy-efficient block models

44 Examples of results generated during the INURDECO project Assessment of climate impacts of the south and core area of Hiukkavaara centre, (EPECC2013) Greenhouse emissions per inhabitant, Oulu Indicator: Emissions of the core area of Hiukkavaara centre per inhabitant When comparing the results of the core area of Hiukkavaara centre, the result is clearly below the targets for year 2020, the emissions target of Oulu (5.1 t CO2-e / inhabitant in 2020) and also clearly below the more stringent target (4.2 t CO2-e / inhabitant in 2050) given in the ERA17 program. Reduction target 2020 (-20%), t CO 2 e/inhabitant The City of Oulu is committed to a 20% reduction in emissions by 2020 from the level of (City of Oulu s Action Plan for Sustainable Energy Use 2012) The emissions reductions above are largely dependent on the realization of, e.g. assumed changes in specific emissions coefficients of energy production, specific emissions coefficients of traffic, electrification of automobiles and energy efficiency norms of construction according to the scenarios applied in the calculation.

45 MK/10 years Examples of results generated during the INURDECO project Images. Locations of joint waste collection points for residential plots, and availability of district heating. Extract from Detailed building guidelines of Soittajakangas area in Hiukkavaara Passive Low energy Minimum requirement District heat / Geothermal heat / Electrical heat / CHP Figure : Heating of residential buildings in Vaskikangas and Soittajakangas Images. Example of taking into account the shading effect of the edge of a forest. The buildings are two storey single-family homes with one side of the ridge roof facing south. Extract from the Planning guidelines for city planning of sun plots in Oulu. (Kimmo Lylykangas 2014). Kuva. Kivikkokankaan pilottialueen hydridienergiapientalo

46 Conclusions, Energy goals as part of climate-aware city planning of Hiukkavaara The planning and zoning of city districts play a big role in achieving climate and energy objectives. The city plan is one tool toward an energy-efficient environment with no emissions. Zero emissions and energy efficiency do not necessarily appear on a city plan map as notations and provisions, but rather as joint visioning carried out in the background of the plan. For example, implementation and metrics of the goals of the environmental program indicate that targets are achieved through collaboration. Two of the most decisive factors in computing energy efficiency and emissions are the efficiency of housing construction and in form of energy. The Land-Use Implementation Programme of the City of Oulu specifies also the efficiency of construction, and the final form of energy is often not determined until after city planning. A city plan should enable different ways of producing energy. The opportunities provided by an area should be identified during the city planning phase with regard to energy efficiency and emissions by means of collaboration and various basic studies. There has not yet been sufficient preparation for energy consideration according to current legislation and norms. The resourcing, tools and established practices of the theme are insufficient or non-existent. There should be a common will or mindset to develop the energy efficiency of city districts. The energising elements of the city plan which were made in connection with the planning of Hiukkavaara, such as solar plots, centralised waste management, RESCA test area and the consideration of renewable energy, are important steps in a new way of dealing with the energy issue. The programs for computing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions are difficult to use and do not provide adequate answers to the needs of city planning. The methods and objectives of computation should be commeasured to make it possible to compare their results between different areas and cities. Several computation models have been tested in Hiukkavaara. Calculations should be conducted in several different phases using the same tools. It is also important to track actual energy use.

47 Hiukkavaara centre City plan 2015

48 Hiukkavaara centre city plan 2015 Permitted building volume on area provisions C AL, AK, A, AP, AO-7, AO P YU-1 VP, VU Total Number of apartments Number of inhabitants Total area 120 m sqm sqm sqm sqm 900 sqm sqm C = Block area for city centre functions AK = Block area for residential blocks of flats AL = Block area for residential, commercial and office spaces A = Block area for residential buildings AP =Block area for residential houses AO and AO-7=Block area for detached residential houses P =Block area for service buildings YU-1 =Block area for buildings that serve sporting activity VP =Park VL =Local recreational area VK =Playground VU =Area for sports and recreational services W =Water area

49 Hiukkavaara centre city plan 2015 Flexibility New city plan provisions:

50 Triangle provisions that further specify the city plan contain elements that are flexible and facilitate implementation, such as: District specific city plan regulations that further specify the city plan contain elements that are flexible and facilitate implementation, such as: In addition to permitted building volume, it is acceptable to build up to 50 sqm / 1,000 sqm of space related to living, such as facilities for telecommuting, hobbies, common buildings and property maintenance. These facilities are not subject to the requirement for parking spaces. In contrast to the issued norms, some of the needs for parking spaces can be realised as alternating parking or other solutions that facilitate common use in accordance with a plan that is approved separately during the building permit phase. Spaces that serve living, such as porches, conservatories, property maintenance buildings, technical spaces, garages, telecommunicating, hobbies and public shelters are not subject to car parking requirements. In addition to permitted building volume, it is acceptable to build environmentally unobtrusive energy production facilities on the building area of the plot that enable the renewable/low-emission regional energy production in the area. Energy production facilities do not increase the car parking requirement of the block. On blocks 53, 88 and 101 and plots 61/2, 68/4, 69/8, 74/1, 93/3, 97/1 and 101/1 environmentally unobtrusive support service buildings can be built for nursing, food service, maintenance etc. to enable the provision of nursing homes/assisted living.

51 Hiukkavaara centre Plans that guide construction in addition to city plan regulations District specific city plan regulations Detailed building guidelines Plot plans Plot allocation Flexibility - Collaboration INURDECO development project - Winter city planning - Plan of experiences Virtual model General plan for traffic and streets General plans for environment General plans for energy supply General plans for electricity supply General plans for water supply General plans for waste management Energy modelling Illustration of city plan proposal 30 April 2015 Other plans and reports

52 Working process of the integrative city plan COLLABORATION, ENGAGEMENT, PARTICIPATION, CONTINUITY

53 Organization Integrative Urban Development Concept Hundre...and hundreds of other participants....

54 THANK YOU!