Posebnosti pri pisavi: glagoli + končnice -S, -ING, -ED

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1 Posebnosti pri pisavi: glagoli + končnice -S, -ING, -ED 1. Končnica S Glagolom dodamo končnico -s, kadar tvorimo trdilni stavek s 3. osebo ednine (he, she, it) v času Present Simple. Primer: Trish walks to school. / My dog eats chocolate. glagol se konča na soglasnik* + Y npr. cry: My aunt cries all the time. Y se spremeni v I, dodaj ES *soglasniki = b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x y z vse črke razen a,e,i,o,u./(a,e,i,o,u so samoglasniki) PAZI: play: Jack plays all the time. (do spremembe ne pride, ker je pred -y samoglasnik) glagoli, ki se končajo na -ch, -ss, -x, -z, -o: dodaj ES npr. go, finish: Catherine goes to gym every day. Nick finishes work at 5 o'clock. 2. Končnica ING Glagolom dodamo končnico -ing, kadar potrebujemo '-ing obliko' (Continuous časi: present c., past c., ). Primer: Trish is walking to school. My dog was eating chocolate. glagol se konča na -e: write: I'm writing. E odpade, dodaš ING glagol se konča na ie: lie: Keith was lying on the ground. IE se spremeni v Y, dodaš ING kratki glagoli * : run: You are running. zadnja črka se glagoli s poudarjenim zadnjim zlogom: begin: He was beginning to understand. zadnja črka se (ne velja, če ni poudarjen zadnji zlog: visit-visiting; izjema je -l v britanski angleščini : travel travelling /ameriška angleščina: traveling/) glagol se konča na -ic : panic: Emma is always panicking. dodaš -K +ING * KRATKI GLAGOLI so enozložni glagoli, ki se končajo na samoglasnik (a,e,i,o,u) + soglasnik (npr. robrobbing, hop-hopping, shop-shopping, swim-swimming); PAZI: ne se, kadar se glagol konča na samoglasnik (hope- hoping), kadar glagol vsebuje dva soglasnika (seem-seeming), kadar se konča na dva soglasnika (ask-asking) ali -w,-y, -x (play- playing). 1

2 3. Končnica ED Glagolom dodamo končnico ed, kadar tvorimo trdilno obliko pravilnih glagolov v času Past Simple ali vse oblike pravilnih glagolov v času Present Perfect: Primer: We worked on the project yesterday. Have you painted?he hadn't lied. glagol se konča na e: dance: Joe danced. -E se ne glagol se konča na soglasnik + Y: try: He tried, but failed. -Y se spremeni v I, dodaš ED 'kratki' glagoli : rob: He robbed the bank. zadnja črka se glagoli s poudarjenim zadnjim zlogom: prefer: preferred, permit-permitted zadnja črka se PAZI: ne velja, kadar ni poudarjen zadnji zlog; izjema je -l v britanski angleščini : travel travelled (ameriška angleščina: traveled) glagol se konča na ic: mimic: She mimicked her boss.. dodaš K +ED KRATKI GLAGOLI so enozložni glagoli, ki se končajo na samoglasnik + soglasnik (npr. rob-robbed, hophopped, shop-shopped); PAZI: ne se, kadar se glagol konča na samoglasnik (hope- hoping- hoped), kadar glagol vsebuje dva soglasnika (seem-seemed), kadar se konča na dva soglasnika (ask-asking-asked) ali -w,-y, -x (play-playedplaying). 2

3 NALOGE: 1. Po vzoru rešenih primerov izpolni razpredelnico: običajni glagol, brez sprememb join work Glagoli, ki se končajo na: dodaj -S dodaj -ING dodaj -ED joins joining joined -E e odpade e se ne! dance dances dancing danced smile -IE ie se spremeni v Y e se ne! tie ties tying tied die *soglasnik + Y Y se spremeni v I +ES Y se spremeni v I +ED cry cries crying cried fly X (nepravilni glagol) samoglasnik + Y play stay kratka, enozložna beseda dip shop -IC panic picnic poudarjen zadnji zlog refer regret -sh -ch -ss -x -z -o finish reach pass mix buzz echo go plays playing played končni soglasnik se končni soglasnik se dips dipping dipped pred -ING dodaj K pred -ED dodaj K panics panicking panicked zadnja črka se zadnja črka se refers referring referred dodaš ES (zaradi lažje izgovorjave) finishes finishing finished X (nepravilni glagol) 3

4 2. Izpolni razpredelnico (najprej poskusi brez pomoči prejšnje razpredelnice): close hurry stay finish stop try study dress cry shop tie rob box 3. Glagole postavi v Present Simple: Carol often. (stay) at home and. (watch) TV. Jack. (fly) all around the word and never.(cry). Amy often.(try) out new things, but she always.(dress) in pink. 4. Glagole postavi v Past Simple: I (enjoy) the film, but I.. (stop) watching it anyway. I (worry) about my homework and that (annoy) me. Malcolm (hop) down three stairs. 5. Present Continuous ali Past Continuous? While John... (prepare) dinner on Friday, Amy..(lie) on the sofa. You never water your flowers! The flowers (die) now. At the moment Rachel.. (dance). She..(try) to learn the steps. 4

5 REŠITVE: 1. work works working worked smile smiles smiling smiled die dies dying died fly flies flying (nepravilni glagol: flew) stay stays staying stayed shop shops shopping shopped regret regrets regretting regretted reach pass mix buzz echo go reaches passes mixes buzzes echoes goes reaching passing mixing buzzing echoing going reached passed mixed buzzed echoed (nepravilni glagol: went) 2. close closes closing closed hurry hurries hurrying hurried stay stays staying stayed finish finishes finishing finished stop stops stopping stopped try tries trying tried study studies studying studied dress dresses dressing dressed cry cries crying cried shop shops shopping shopped tie ties tying tied rob robs robbing robbed box boxes boxing boxed 3. stays, watches; flies, cries; tries, dresses. 4. enjoyed, stopped, worried, annoyed; hopped. 5. was preparing, was lying; are dying; is dancing, is trying. 5